Anti-Methanogenic Potential of Seaweeds and Impact on Feed Fermentation and Rumen Microbiome In Vitro.

A series of in vitro studies were conducted to explore the anti-methanogenic potential of five seaweeds collected from the Indian sea and to optimize the level(s) of incorporation of the most promising seaweed(s) into a straw and concentrate diet to achieve a significant reduction in methane (CH) production without disturbing rumen fermentation characteristics. A chemical composition analysis revealed a notable ash content varying between 55 and 70% in seaweeds. The crude protein content was highly variable and ranged between 3.

Topochemical Synthesis and Electronic Structure of High-Crystallinity Infinite-Layer Nickelates on an Orthorhombic Substrate.

Superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates has stirred much research interest, to which questions regarding the nature of superconductivity remain elusive. A critical leap forward to address these intricate questions is through the growth of high-crystallinity infinite-layer nickelates, including the "parent" phase. Here, we report the synthesis of a high-quality thin-film nickelate, NdNiO.

N-acetyl-L-tryptophan provides radioprotection to mouse and primate models by antagonizing the TRPV1 receptor and substance P inhibition.

Purpose: The present study was carried out to evaluate the radioprotective activities of N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (L-NAT) using rodent and non-human primate (NHP) models.

Materials And Methods: The antagonistic effect of L-NAT on the Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) receptor and substance P inhibition was determined using molecular docking and Elisa assays. The in radioprotective activity of L-NAT was evaluated using whole-body survival assays in mice and NHPs.

Secretory Carcinoma of the Philtrum of the Upper Lip: A Case Study.

The parotid, submandibular, and sublingual salivary glands are the major salivary glands in the mouth. Cancers that arise in these glands are relatively uncommon, usually benign, and rarely metastasize. We present a unique case of a 17-year-old male diagnosed with high-grade secretory carcinoma of the salivary gland that was generally asymptomatic except for a persistent rash.

Adenosquamous Carcinoma of Gallbladder: A Rare Case Report.

Carcinoma of the gallbladder is an uncommon malignancy with a poor prognosis overall. Histologically, adenocarcinoma is the most common type of gallbladder carcinoma. Adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare histological type of gallbladder carcinoma comprising both the glandular and squamous elements.

Clinicopathological and Molecular Investigation of Newcastle Disease Outbreaks in Vaccinated and Non-Vaccinated Broiler Chicken Flocks in Nepal.

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the paramyxovirus, which is a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus. This study was conducted to investigate ND outbreaks in 10 vaccinated or non-vaccinated broiler farms, collectively housing 9840 birds of various ages in the Chitwan and Nawalpur districts of Nepal from July to December 2021. Clinically, the affected birds exhibited symptoms such as limb paralysis, greenish diarrhea (seven out of ten flocks), torticollis (two out of ten flocks), inappetence, and drowsiness (ten out of ten flocks).

Antitubercular evaluation of dihydropyridine-triazole conjugates: design, synthesis, screening, SAR and ADME predictions.

This study investigates the potential of click chemistry for the development of novel anti-tuberculosis agents. A targeted library of 1,4-dihydropyridine-1,2,3-triazole conjugates was synthesized and evaluated for their activity against HRa using the resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Among the synthesized derivatives, compounds J10, J11, J14, J22 and J23 demonstrated significant antimycobacterial activity.

A 1,8-Naphthalimide-based Tripodal Fluorescent Chemosensor to Selectively Detect Copper Ions.

A 1,8-naphthalimide-based tripodal fluorescent ligand (L3) was synthesized through the copper (I) catalyzed Huisgen azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction of 2-(2-azidoethyl)-6-morpholino-1 H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2 H)-dione with triproparagylamine. Naphthalimide acts as the fluorophore while the triazole and amine nitrogens chelate the metal ion. L3 showed a selective fluorescence turn-off for Cu(II) over other metal ions in aqueous acetonitrile solution.

Oat Brewery Waste Decreased Methane Production and Alters Rumen Fermentation, Microbiota Composition, and CAZymes Profiles.

The transformation of oat brewery waste (OBW) into livestock feed could be a potential replacement for the expensive concentrate and one of the effective approaches for avoiding health hazards due to the accumulation of oat brewery waste in the environment. To explore the potential of OBW as a methane (CH) mitigating agent, an in vitro study was undertaken to investigate the effect of graded replacement of concentrate with OBW on CH production, microbiota, feed fermentation, and CAZymes. A total of five treatments with variable proportions of OBW were formulated.

Effect of biowaste inclusion on methane production, feed fermentation, and microbial diversity.

studies were undertaken aiming to study the methane (CH) mitigation potential of biowaste (BW) of at the graded inclusion of 0% (C), 2% (A), 5% (A), and 10% (A) of the diet composed of straw and concentrate in 40:60 ratio. The chemical composition analysis revealed that the BW contained higher crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and ether extract (EE) than the PF (fresh seaweed, ). The concentration of cinnamic acid, sinapic acid, kaempferol, fisetin p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, and luteolin in BW was 1.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,4-Dihydropyridine-Indole as a Potential Antidiabetic Agent via GLUT4 Translocation Stimulation.

In the quest for the discovery of antidiabetic compounds, a series of 27 1,4-dihydropyridine-indole derivatives were synthesized using a diversity approach. These compounds were systematically evaluated for their antidiabetic activity, starting with an in vitro assessment for GLUT4 translocation stimulation in L6-GLUT4 myotubes, followed by in vivo antihyperglycemic activity evaluation in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Among the synthesized compounds, , , , , , , and demonstrated significant potential to stimulate GLUT4 translocation in skeletal muscle cells.

COVID-19 retreats and world recovers: A silver lining in the dark cloud.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which the World Health Organization classified as the Sixth Public Health Emergency Of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30, 2020, is no longer a PHEIC. Millions were affected due to unawareness. The increase in fatalities and shortage of medicine was the first outrage of COVID-19.

Recent updates on ocular disease management with ophthalmic ointments.

Ophthalmic diseases can result in permanent vision loss and blindness. Convenient topical and systemic treatments are preferred to address these sight-threatening conditions. However, the unique anatomy of the eye presents challenges for drug delivery.

Etiopathology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Fungal Keratitis.

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a severe ocular condition resulting from corneal infection that is prevalent in tropical countries, particularly in developing regions of Asia and Africa. Factors like corneal lens misuse, inappropriate steroid use, and diagnostic challenges have provoked the epidemic. FK causes significant vision impairment, scarring, and ocular deformities.

Codetermination of antimicrobial agents in rabbit tear fluid using LC-MS/MS assay: Insights into ocular pharmacokinetic study.

Managing ocular microbial infections typically requires pharmacotherapy using antibiotic eye drops, such as moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MFX), combined with an antifungal agent like amphotericin B (AB). We carried out and validated an LC-MS/MS assay to quantify these compounds in rabbit tear fluid in order to look into the pharmacokinetics of these two drugs. We employed a protein precipitation technique for the extraction of drugs under examination.

Nanocarrier - Mediated Salinomycin Delivery Induces Apoptosis and Alters EMT Phenomenon in Prostate Adenocarcinoma.

Salinomycin (Sal) has been recently discovered as a novel chemotherapeutic agent against various cancers including prostate cancer which is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers affecting male populations worldwide. Herein we designed salinomycin nanocarrier (Sal-NPs) to extend its systemic circulation and to increase its anticancer potential. Prepared nanoform showed high encapsulation and sustained release profile for salinomycin.

Effects of a dietary intervention on cardiometabolic risk and food consumption in a workplace.

Background: Worksite-based health programs have shown positive impacts on employee health and have led to significant improvements in cardiovascular risk factor profiles. We aimed to determine the effect of cafeteria intervention on cardio-metabolic risk factors diet in a worksite setting (Dhulikhel Hospital) in Nepal.

Methods: In this one-arm pre-post intervention study, we recruited 277 non-pregnant hospital employees aged 18-60 with prediabetes or pre-hypertension.

Toxicity and Its Neuroprotective Effect Against Retinal Ganglion Cell Death Through Modulation of Extracellular Matrix in a Glaucoma Rat Model.

Glaucoma is a complex degenerative optic neuropathy characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) leading to irreversible vision loss and blindness. has been used for decades in traditional medicine system. However, no extensive studies were reported on its antiglaucoma properties.

Polymers and their engineered analogues for ocular drug delivery: Enhancing therapeutic precision.

Ocular drug delivery is constrained by anatomical and physiological barriers, necessitating innovative solutions for effective therapy. Natural polymers like hyaluronic acid, chitosan, and gelatin, alongside synthetic counterparts such as PLGA and PEG, have gained prominence for their biocompatibility and controlled release profiles. Recent strides in polymer conjugation strategies have enabled targeted delivery through ligand integration, facilitating tissue specificity and cellular uptake.

Enhanced TNT vapor sensing through a PMMA-mediated AIPE-active monocyclometalated iridium(III) complex: a leap towards real-time monitoring.

Based on the explosive nature and harmful effects of nitro-based explosive materials on living beings and the environment, it is extremely important to develop luminescence-based probe molecules for their detection with excellent selectivity and sensitivity. Two AIPE (aggregation-induced phosphorescence emission)-active iridium(III) complexes (M1 and M2) were developed for the sensitive detection of TNT in both contact and non-contact modes. The aggregate solutions of both complexes (M1 and M2 in THF/HO, 1/9 by volume) detected TNT at the pico-molar (pM) level.