Diabetic vitrectomy: the influence of lens status upon surgical outcomes.

Purpose Of Review: Management of the lens in diabetic eyes undergoing vitrectomy has long been a source of controversy. Initially, the lens was removed during diabetic vitrectomy because of intraoperative changes. It was noted, however, that anterior segment neovascular complications were greater in aphakic eyes after diabetic vitrectomy, and subsequently the vitreoretinal surgeon attempted to spare the lens.

Evaluation of dose distributions in gamma chamber using glass plate detector.

A commercial glass plate of thickness 1.75 mm has been utilized for evaluation of dose distributions inside the irradiation volume of gamma chamber using optical densitometry technique. The glass plate showed linear response in the dose range 0.

BIS-11A -Hindi version: A preliminary study of impulsivity in rural and urban Indian adolescents.

Context: Despite of there being a pressing need to gauge impulsivity scores, there is no behavioral instrument in India to assess the impulsivity in adolescents. No earlier studies have been done in India to access impulsivity in adolescents. Even in western countries, no study has been done in rural setting to access impulsivity, although segment of rural population is small in western nations with major population residing in urban areas.

From a glucocentric to a lipocentric approach towards metabolic syndrome.

Insulin resistance, the essential component of metabolic syndrome, has traditionally been defined from a glucocentric viewpoint, with glucotoxicity playing a lead role. However, as overabundant circulating fatty acids are now known to be overt contributors, there is a paradigm shift in the understanding of metabolic syndrome acknowledging the importance of lipotoxicity as a major perpetuator of insulin resistance. Ectopic accumulation of fat in liver, adipose, muscle and pancreatic islets, provokes insulin resistance through various mechanisms.

Variation of a variation: case report of attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis.

Background: First described in 1988, attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP) is a rare autosomal dominant precancerous condition of the gastrointestinal tract. Few reports have described adenocarcinomatous change in the gastroduodenal region thus far.

Case Outline: We report a case of AFAP presenting with extensive gastric polyposis and ampullary adenocarcinoma in absence of a positive family history of gastrointestinal cancer and a novel mutation.

Cardiac radiology.

Cardiac imaging is a relatively new and developing field. This article is aimed at radiology trainees, radiographers, and non-specialist radiologists who would like to learn more about this exciting subspecialty. What follows is a list of carefully selected web resources that may also be of interest to specialists for use in training.

Accidental gamma dose measurement using commercial glasses.

Commercial glasses have been investigated for their application in accidental gamma dose measurement using Thermoluminescent (TL) techniques. Some of the glasses have been found to be sensitive enough that they can be used as TL dating material in radiological accident situation for gamma dosimetry with lower detection limit 1 Gy (the dose significant for the onset of deterministic biological effects). The glasses behave linearly in the dose range 1-25 Gy with measurement uncertainty +/- 10%.

Protein functionalized micro hydrogel features for cell-surface interaction.

Cross-linked hydrogel features have been patterned using subtractive lift-off of polymerized hydrogel film. Projection lithography and oxygen plasma etch was used to pattern parylene C polymer film. Molecular self-assembly of polymerizable monolayer was obtained in solution-phase and acrylamide based hydrogel was polymerized using free-radical polymerization on this substrate.

Sequential affinity purification of peroxidase tagged bispecific anti-SARS-CoV antibodies on phenylboronic acid agarose.

Hybrid hybridomas (quadromas) are derived by fusing at least two hybridomas, each producing a different antibody of predefined specificity. The resulting cell secretes not only the immunoglobulins of both parents but also hybrid molecules manifesting the binding characteristics of the individual fusion partners. Purification of the desired bispecific immunoprobe with high specific activity from a mixture of bispecific and monospecific monoclonal antibodies requires special strategies.

Ketoconazole in the treatment of chronic idiopathic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To determine the effect of an adrenocorticoid antagonist (ketoconazole) in the treatment of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: Ketoconazole was given at an oral dose of 600 mg per day for 4 weeks. Laboratory monitoring included 24-hour urinary cortisol and liver function tests at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks.

Intravitreal bevacizumab for the management of choroidal neovascularization in pseudoxanthoma elasticum.

Purpose: To determine the results of intravitreal bevacizumab injections for the management of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE)-associated angioid streaks.

Methods: A consecutive series of patients with PXE and CNV were managed with intravitreal bevacizumab injection (1.25 mg per 0.

Ranibizumab for treatment of choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the short-term outcomes after intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA) injection in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: A review of data for consecutive patients who received intravitreal ranibizumab injection was conducted.

Microbiological study of khoa sold in Chambal region (Madhya Pradesh): A case study.

Present study was conducted to analyze bacterial contaminants /pathogens in Khoa samples sold in Chambal region of Madhya Pradesh. Total Fifty samples of Khoa were brought from different localities of Chambal region at random and processed. Bacterial colony counts were also performed.

Application of commercial glasses for high dose measurement using the thermoluminescent technique.

Commercial glasses under this study showed linear thermoluminescence (TL) response in gamma dose range 100 Gy to 10 kGy, glow peaks between 175 and 200 degrees C, fading under dark and room light 2.86-7.36% and 10.

Mutagenicity assessment of textile dyes from Sanganer (Rajasthan).

Sanganer town, district Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) is famous worldwide for its hand block dyeing and textile printing industries. These industries use a variety of chemicals and dyes during processing and finishing of raw materials. Most of the textile dyes used by these industries have not been evaluated for their impact on health and the environment.

Intravitreal triamcinolone as adjunctive treatment to laser panretinal photocoagulation for concomitant proliferative diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular oedema.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) combined with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) on visual acuity (VA) and foveal thickness in patients with concomitant high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO).

Methods: This retrospective interventional case series included seven eyes diagnosed with both high-risk PDR and CSMO that underwent PRP and a single injection of 4 mg of IVTA. The main outcome measures were VA and foveal thickness, measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) before treatment and throughout the follow-up period.

Reopening of previously closed macular holes after cataract extraction.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of reopening of macular holes after cataract extraction.

Design: Retrospective, comparative, consecutive case series.

Methods: Two hundred and eleven eyes with idiopathic macular holes closed by vitrectomy were divided into four groups: Group 1: prior cataract extraction; Group 2: vitrectomy then cataract extraction; Group 3: vitrectomy only; and Group 4: vitrectomy and cataract extraction as a combined procedure.

Thin film processing using S-layer proteins: biotemplated assembly of colloidal gold etch masks for fabrication of silicon nanopillar arrays.

We explored the bionanofabrication of silicon nanopillar structures using ordered gold nanoparticle arrays generated from microbial surface layer (S-layer) protein templates. The S-layer template used for these thin film processing experiments was isolated from the Gram-positive bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. In this preliminary work, S-layers preimmobilized onto chemically modified silicon substrates were initially used to template the fabrication of a nanolithographic hard mask pattern comprised of a hexagonally ordered array of 5-nm gold nanoparticles (lattice constant=18 nm).

Genotoxicity of vegetables irrigated by industrial wastewater.

Wastewater effluents from textile dyeing and printing industries of Sanganer are discharged directly, without any treatment, into Amani Shah Nallah drainage. The drainage water takes the dissolved toxicants to flora and fauna, including crops and seasonal vegetables, being grown in the land adjoining the Nallah drainage. Thus mutagenic potential of vegetables irrigated by the water of Amani Shah Nallah drainage was investigated in the present study.

Mutagenicity evaluation of industrial sludge from common effluent treatment plant.

Sludge from common effluent treatment plant (CETP) receiving effluents from textile industries at Mandia Road, Pali, was analyzed to assess the level of mutagenicity. Mutagenicity assay using Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA 98 and TA 100 gave positive results, thus suggesting presence of genotoxic contaminants in the samples investigated. Further, mutagenic activity of chemical sludge was found to be lesser than that of biological sludge.

Pharmacogenomics of beta2-agonist: key focus on signaling pathways.

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases, where inhalation and exhalation are obstructed due to narrowing of the airways by broncho-constriction or by inflammation. Among all the available anti-asthma therapies, beta2-agonists are the most effective bronchodilators available, and give rapid relief of asthma symptoms. Evidence suggests that the degree of beta2-agonist response varies greatly between patients and genetic factors have a major role in it.

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against shope fibroma virus superoxide dismutase and glutathione-s-transferase.

Purpose: The superoxide dismutase (SOD) like proteins encoded by Leporipoxviruses play a role in regulating the redox status of infected cells. The biological function of these proteins is unclear. Why poxviruses encode these proteins are still unknown.

Use of oral polio vaccine for polio eradication.

The experience in three of the world's six WHO Regions (the Americas, the European and the Western Pacific Regions) shows that OPV is the right choice for stopping wild poliovirus transmission. Polio can be eradicated by carrying out SIAs to supplement routine vaccination and by placing added emphasis on reaching every child during every polio round. Monovalent OPV will be key tool in helping us to achieve the goal of polio eradication.

Organochlorine pesticide residues in milk and blood of women from Anupgarh, Rajasthan, India.

Anupgarh is the most fertile area of Rajasthan state where a variety of seasonal crops are grown. The availability of three manmade canals has enhanced the agricultural activities in this area. The farmers use huge amounts of pesticides to increase the crop productivity.