Selenium bioaccessibility and speciation in biofortified Pleurotus mushrooms grown on selenium-rich agricultural residues.

Cultivation of saprophytic fungi on selenium-rich substrates can be an effective means to produce selenium-fortified food. Pleurotus florida, an edible species of oyster mushrooms, was grown on wheat straw from the seleniferous belt of Punjab (India) and its potential to mobilize and accumulate selenium from the growth substrate was studied. Selenium concentration in biofortified mushrooms was 800 times higher compared with control samples grown on wheat straw from non selenium-rich areas (141 vs 0.

Mitochondrial disease in childhood: nuclear encoded.

Primary mitochondrial disorders are clinically and genetically heterogeneous, caused by an alteration(s) in either mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA, and affect the respiratory chain's ability to undergo oxidative phosphorylation, leading to decreased production of adenosine triphosphophate and subsequent energy failure. These disorders may present at any age, but children tend to have an acute onset of disease compared with subacute or slowly progressive presentation in adults. Varying organ involvement also contributes to the phenotypic spectrum seen in these disorders.

Use of light-curing units in orthodontics.

Because of their wide field of applications, light-curing units are now indispensable for orthodontists and general dentists; thus, it is important to be familiar with the various types of light-curing units, their history, specifications, advantages, and disadvantages. For this review, a search of the PubMed database (from 1966 to March 2010) was conducted using the search term "curing lights orthodontics". Eligibility of the selected studies was determined by reading the abstracts of articles identified by the search.

Early identification of young children with hearing loss in federally qualified health centers.

Objective: While newborn hearing screening has improved outcomes for children diagnosed with hearing loss, the screening protocol is incomplete in the critical early developmental years, particularly among underserved populations. To address this gap, 7 federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) implemented a periodic, objective infant-toddler hearing screening program during well-child visits. The study aimed to determine the ability of these primary care providers to implement the hearing screening protocol and to identify children in need of audiologic follow-up.

Update on nuclear mitochondrial genes and neurologic disorders.

The majority of primary mitochondrial disorders are due to nuclear gene mutations, not aberrations within the mitochondrial genome. The nervous system is frequently involved due to its high-energy demands. Many nonspecific neurologic symptoms may be present in mitochondrial disease; however, there are well-recognized red flags that should alert the clinician to the possibility of mitochondrial disease.

Implanon: subdermal single rod contraceptive implant.

Objectives: Study was conducted to determine acceptability, efficacy, safety, return of fertility with Implanon.

Methods: Volunteers having regular menstruation, requiring spacing formed study population. Implanon was inserted within 5 days of LMP or concurrent with MTP.

Incidence of Common Fusion Transcripts in Adult and Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cases: Experience of a Tertiary Care Research institute.

Introduction: The incidence of common fusion transcripts in AML is 40-45%, but data from Indian sub-continent is limited. AIMS #ENTITYSTARTX00026;

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to note the incidence of common fusion transcripts of AML1-ETO, PML-RARA and CBFβ-MYH11 in adult and pediatric AML cases. MATERIALS #ENTITYSTARTX00026;

Methods: A total of 116 AML cases diagnosed on bone marrow, cytochemistry and Flow-cytometry over a period of 2 year were enrolled and bone marrow samples in EDTA were processed by multiplex RT-PCR assay.

A Study on the Expression of BCR-ABL Transcript in Mixed Phenotype Acute Leukemia (MPAL) Cases Using the Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Reaction Assay (RT-PCR) and its Correlation with Hematological Remission Status Post Initial Induction Therapy.

Introduction: The MPAL comprise 2-5% of all acute leukemia. The present WHO 2008 classification has separated two groups in MPAL based on t(9;22) positivity and MLL rearrangement. AIMS #ENTITYSTARTX00026;

Objectives: The aim of the present pilot study is to note the frequency of BCR-ABL transcript in MPAL cases using the RT-PCR assay and to correlate the status with hematological remission post induction.

Mushrooms and poisoning.

The mushrooms are probably one of the oldest consumption of mankind having mythological and spiritual significance apart from being a great delicacy. Its poisoning is a common yet poorly recognised. There are more than 2000 varieties which are edible, and nearly 80 varieties are non-edible (or poisonous) type.

Hematological Evaluation of Primary Extra Nodal Versus Nodal NHL: A Study from North India.

Primary extra nodal lymphomas (EN-NHL) are different from primary nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (N-NHL) and are comparatively less common. Hemogram findings and bone marrow involvement is less studied and very few reports are available in the literature. The present study is a retrospective analysis of bone marrow samples evaluated for staging of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Determinants of inhalant (whitener) use among street children in a South Indian city.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the year 2008 among 174 children in observation homes in Hyderabad, India, to estimate the distribution of inhalant (whitener) use among this population. Data were collected using an instrument developed for this purpose. About 61% of the children were boys and their mean age was 12.

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) localises to the nucleus in glioblastoma multiforme cells.

The breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), an ATP binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporter, plays a role in multiple drug resistance (MDR). Previous studies of the subcellular location of the ABC transporter P-glycoprotein indicated that this protein is expressed in nuclear membranes. This study examines the nuclear distribution of BCRP in seven human-derived glioblastoma (GBM) and astrocytoma cell lines.

Postoperative hypertension following radical neck dissection.

Baroreflex failure results in wide excursions of blood pressure and heart rate. We report two cases that developed severe postoperative hypertension after radical neck dissection. Carotid sinus denervation during neck dissection may be the cause of the reflex hypertension once general anesthesia-induced vasodilatation has ended.

Discovery of diphenyl lactam derivatives as N-type calcium channel blockers.

A novel series of diphenyl lactam containing calcium channel blockers is described. Extensive SAR studies resulted in compounds with low molar activity and good plasma exposure after oral dosing. Compounds 2, 6 and 7 demonstrated significant efficacy in the capsaicin model of secondary hyperalgesia following oral administration.

A-1048400 is a novel, orally active, state-dependent neuronal calcium channel blocker that produces dose-dependent antinociception without altering hemodynamic function in rats.

Blockade of voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels on sensory nerves attenuates neurotransmitter release and membrane hyperexcitability associated with chronic pain states. Identification of small molecule Ca²⁺ channel blockers that produce significant antinociception in the absence of deleterious hemodynamic effects has been challenging. In this report, two novel structurally related compounds, A-686085 and A-1048400, were identified that potently block N-type (IC₅₀=0.

A case series highlighting the relative frequencies of the common, uncommon and atypical/unusual hematological findings on bone marrow examination in cases of visceral leishmaniasis.

Introduction: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy still remains as one of the vital tests for confirmation of diagnosis of visceral Leishmaniasis. The aim of the present study is to assess the relative frequency of common, uncommon and atypical hematological findings in cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis. MATERIALS #ENTITYSTARTX00026;

Methods: A total of 16 cases of Leishmaniasis diagnosed on Bone marrow examination over a period of two years (2008-2010), were retrieved from the archives and the peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspiration smears and trephine biopsies were examined for the common, uncommon and atypical features as described in the literature.