Radial Longitudinal Deficiency: New Perspectives on an Enduring Challenge.

Radial longitudinal deficiency (RLD) is a multidimensional congenital hand difference encompassing skeletal, musculotendinous, and joint components. Managing RLD remains challenging, with numerous surgical procedures over the past century failing to achieve a stable, mobile, growing wrist without recurrence of the deformity. This review investigates new therapeutic approaches for RLD, delving into genetic, embryological, and histological aspects, including proximal muscle involvement and causes of recurrence.

Mothers' perspectives on the use and acceptability of 3d printed prosthesis by their children with congenital upper limb difference in India: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Children with congenital upper limb difference (CULD) in India have limited access to treatment with conventional prostheses. 3D printed prosthetic devices (3DPP) can function as transitional prostheses for growing children with congenital transverse deficiency. They are low-cost and the designs are easily customized.

The Normal Static Two-Point Discrimination in the Palmar Aspect of Hand in Adults and Children in a Sample Indian Population.

 The normal ability to distinguish two points from one is known as the two-point discriminative (2PD) sense. This forms an extremely important assessment in patient with injuries to the nerves distributed to the upper extremity.  The aim of this study was to estimate the normal reference values of static 2PD in healthy adults and children.

Normative Data of Grip Strength and Pinch Strength in the Indian Population.

 There is no normative study of transregional grip strength data available from India. Hence, a multicenter study is designed to obtain reference value.  This is a prospective observational study conducted as a part of the Indian normative data project of the Indian Society for Surgery of the Hand.

Indian Hand Anthropometry: Computer Tomography-Based Morphometric Analysis of Metacarpal.

 Metacarpal fractures are common and have various treatment options, but understanding their morphometry is crucial for optimizing fixation techniques and reducing complications. Accurate assessment of metacarpal anatomy is challenging in conventional radiographs but feasible with computed tomography (CT) scans, which offer precise views. This study aimed to provide accurate anatomical data on metacarpals within an Indian population using CT scans and to compare the results with existing literature.

The Normal Growth Rate of Human Fingernails in Indian Population.

 India, with a large population working in industries, has a considerable amount of nail bed injuries day to day as well as infections and other issues with nails. However, there are no normative data for nail growth in our population. This study aims to measure and analyze the rate of nail growth in the Indian population, which will be a valuable tool for clinical assessment and treatment.

Prevalence of the Absence of the Palmaris Longus and Functional Flexor Digitorum Superficialis of the Little Finger in the Indian Population.

 The absence of the palmaris longus (PL) varies with race. The presence of a functional flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) of the little finger also varies widely. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of the absence of the PL and functional FDS of the little finger in the Indian population.

Normative Data of Carpal Bone Measurements in the Sample Adult Indian Population.

 Radiography is the most often accessible and affordable imaging modality. Accurate assessments of wrist X-rays can aid in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of various wrist problems. This study aims to identify normal radiographic anthropometry reference values and variations of carpal bones and joints by gender and age in sample Indian population, with the potential to be clinically applicable.

Normative Radiographic Measurements of Scaphoid in a Sample Indian Population.

 Wrist parameters measured on direct radiography are essential in diagnosing scaphoid-related pathologies and treatment. Although computed tomography has been used to establish normative for scaphoid measurement, no research has focused on Indian norms. This study aimed to determine the distribution and normal limits of parameters measured in our population's posteroanterior (PA) and direct lateral radiographs of the wrist.

Long-Term Functional and Radiological Results in Tonkin Type 3B Thumb Hypoplasia Treated With Nonvascularized Toe Phalanx Transfer as an Alternative to Pollicization.

Purpose: Parents of children with hypoplastic thumbs often reject the option of pollicization for various reasons and enquire about alternate choices. Our study aimed to assess the outcome in children who underwent nonvascularized toe phalanx transfer for Tonkin type 3B thumb hypoplasia and compare it with a similar cohort of children treated with pollicization.

Methods: At an average follow-up of 7 years for toe phalanx transfer and 6 years of pollicization, five children from each group were tested for thumb length, stability of the first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint, mobility, opposition, and donor-site morbidity.

The recovery and independence of elbow flexion and forearm supination after Oberlin II transfer in brachial plexus injuries: a long term follows up study.

Purpose: The Oberlin II double fascicular nerve transfer has been evaluated extensively for objective outcomes for elbow flexion in brachial plexus injuries (BPI). However, there is limited information available on the recovery pattern of supination and patient-reported activity in the long-term. Our study aimed to assess the functional results with a minimum of five years of follow-up.

Recent Innovations in Footwear and the Role of Smart Footwear in Healthcare-A Survey.

Smart shoes have ushered in a new era of personalised health monitoring and assistive technologies. Smart shoes leverage technologies such as Bluetooth for data collection and wireless transmission, and incorporate features such as GPS tracking, obstacle detection, and fitness tracking. As the 2010s unfolded, the smart shoe landscape diversified and advanced rapidly, driven by sensor technology enhancements and smartphones' ubiquity.

A ten-year experience of musculoskeletal tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Background: The delayed identification and management of musculoskeletal tuberculosis (MSTB) poses substantial health challenges and leads to significant morbidity. This study aimed to collate ten years of hospital data and provide valuable insights into the clinical, diagnostics, and outcomes of the patients diagnosed with MSTB.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken to review clinic records from 2013 to 2022 for all individuals diagnosed with MSTB in a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Morphometry of sigmoid notch: A novel method of shape assessment for clinical practice.

Purpose: Using a novel technique, we assess and describe the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) anatomy with reference to sigmoid notch shapes. The purpose of this study was to develop a non-invasive, fast, reliable and reproducible technique for analysing the shapes of sigmoid notch on CT scans.

Methods: 40 cadaveric wrist specimens exposing the sigmoid notch and 100 normal adult wrist CT scans with end on axial sections showing the sigmoid notch outline were obtained.

Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour of the ulnar nerve around the elbow: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

Epithelioid malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (EMPNST) is a rare histological subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST), accounting for 5% to 17% of MPNSTs. The clinical and MRI findings of EMPNST mimic those of nerve abscesses, similar to the presentation in Hansen's disease. We present one such case with this kind of diagnostic dilemma.

The outcome of polyethylene glycol fusion augmented by electrical stimulation in a delayed setting of nerve repair following neurotmesis in a rat model.

Purpose: Polyethylene glycol is known to improve recovery following its use in repair of acute peripheral nerve injury. The duration till which PEG works remains a subject of intense research. We studied the effect of PEG with augmentation of 20Htz of electrical stimulation (ES) following neurorrhaphy at 48 h in a rodent sciatic nerve neurotmesis model.

Bilateral Post-traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury in an Adult: A Note on the Probable Mechanism of Injury.

Bilateral brachial plexus injury is rare following a motor vehicle accident in an adult. We report a 35-year-old man with a bilateral brachial plexus injury. Explaining the mechanism of such an injury is essential to prognosticate the outcome.

Outcomes of radialization with ulnar cuff osteotomy for radial longitudinal deficiency: a medium-term follow-up study.

Addressing the deforming stresses arising from soft tissue and continued skeletal development is crucial to obtain long-term correction of forearm carpal alignment in Radial longitudinal deficiency. The aim of the present study was to report the medium-term follow-up results of radialization with ulnar cuff osteotomy in children. A total of 17 patients (21 involved limbs) with a mean follow-up of 66 months (range 50 to 96) were reviewed.

Wrist Arthrodesis Using a Trapezoidal Wedge Graft from the Distal Radius and a Low-Profile Reconstruction Plate.

Background: Various intramedullary or dorsally based fusions have been utilised to perform wrist arthrodesis. Although the dorsal plate is rigid and well constructed, the standard of care was replenishing the arthrodesis site with an iliac crest bone graft. Due to the high morbidity of the donor site, alternatives such as distal radius bone grafts have gained popularity.

A Novel Method of Spinal Accessory Nerve Banking Using Silicone Catheter for Functioning Free Muscle Transfer.

In secondary brachial plexus reconstruction, exploring an area that has already been operated on is challenging and time-consuming for a surgeon, especially in centers with a single-team approach. Due to their inertness and lack of adverse effects, silicone Foley catheters were used successfully during the reconstruction of flexor tendons. Based on the concept, we have achieved an acceptable functional outcome by banking the spinal accessory nerve in a silicon catheter for gracilis reanimation, which permits smooth dissection, maintains the length, and shortens the operating time for subsequent reconstruction.