a novel marker associated with poor pediatric AML outcomes that affect the fatty acid synthesis and cell cycle pathways.

Introduction: Despite remarkable progress in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (pAML) treatments, the relapsed disease remains difficult to treat, making it pertinent to identify novel biomarkers of prognostic/therapeutic significance.

Material And Methods: Bone marrow samples from 21 pAML patients were analyzed using single cell RNA sequencing, functional assays with knockdown and overexpression were performed in leukemia cell lines to evaluate impact on proliferation and migration, and chemotherapy sensitivity. Mitochondrial function was assessed via Seahorse assay, interacting proteins were studied using co-immunoprecipitation.

Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and medical factors associated with calculated free testosterone concentrations in men: individual participant data meta-analyses.

Objective: Sociodemographic, lifestyle, and medical variables influence total testosterone (T) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations. The relationship between these factors and "free" T remains unclear. We examined 21 sociodemographic, lifestyle, and medical predictors influencing calculated free T (cFT) in community-dwelling men across ages.

Dysregulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolome in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) depletion has been postulated as a contributor to the severity of COVID-19; however, no study has prospectively characterized NAD and its metabolites in relation to disease severity in patients with COVID-19. We measured NAD and its metabolites in 56 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and in two control groups without COVID-19: (1) 31 age- and sex-matched adults with comorbidities, and (2) 30 adults without comorbidities. Blood NAD concentrations in COVID-19 group were only slightly lower than in the control groups (p < 0.

Association between psychosocial factors and left ventricular assist device implant outcomes: A systematic review.

Background: Psychosocial assessment is a core component of the multidisciplinary evaluation for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. The degree to which psychosocial conditions are considered a contraindication to LVAD implantation continues to be debated. This systematic review examines modifiable psychosocial factors as predictors of outcomes in patients undergoing LVAD implantation.

Axillary de-escalation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced lymph node involvement in breast cancer.

Introduction: Sentinel lymph node biopsy reduces morbidity in patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer who achieve axillary pathologic complete response following neoadjuvant therapy (NACT). De-escalation trials primarily addressed cN1 disease, with underrepresentation of cN2 disease. This study evaluates the role of de-escalation in patients with cN2 breast cancer.

Single-Cell Analysis of Debrided Diabetic Foot Ulcers Reveals Dysregulated Wound Healing Environment in Non-Hispanic Black Patients.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a critical complication of diabetes, but the wound microenvironment and its healing process are not completely understood. In this study, we optimized single-cell profiling from sharp debrided ulcers. Our findings demonstrate that healing diabetic foot ulcers were significantly enriched with distinct fibroblasts-expressing genes related to inflammation (CHI3L1, IL6) and extracellular matrix remodeling (ASPN), validating our previous studies on surgically resected ulcers.

Multiplex PCR for gastrointestinal parasites in stool: Benchmarking against direct microscopy and simplex PCR.

Purpose: To develop and validate a multiplex conventional PCR assay to simultaneously detect Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia in diarrheal samples as a rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive diagnostic tool for prevalent co-infections for improved diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in resource-limited settings.

Methods: Stool samples collected from patients with gastrointestinal symptoms after taking written consent, processed via wet mount, iodine mount, and PCR assays.

Modulation of circulating free testosterone fraction by testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol during testosterone replacement therapy.

Background: Testosterone, estradiol, and dihydrotestosterone share common ligand binding sites on sex hormone binding globulin and albumin. It is unknown whether and how changes in testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol concentrations during testosterone replacement therapy affect free testosterone fraction.

Objective: To determine the effect of changes in testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol concentrations on free testosterone fraction during testosterone replacement therapy of men with hypogonadism.

Transplantation in the Pandemic Era: Perspectives on the Utilization of COVID-19 Positive Organs.

Background: At early stages of the pandemic, most organ procurements organizations considered COVID-19 infected donors to be ineligible for organ donation. The aim of this survey is to describe the current practices of the utilization of COVID-19 positive organs donors among American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) members.

Methods: An anonymous 40-question redcap survey was emailed to ASTS members from June to August 2022.

Transgender Women With Suppressed Testosterone Display Lower Burden of Coronary Disease Than Matched Cisgender Men.

Context: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in transgender women (TW) may be affected by gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and HIV, but few data compare TW on contemporary GAHT to well-matched controls.

Objective: We compared CVD burden and biomarker profiles between TW and matched cisgender men (CM).

Methods: Adult TW on GAHT (n = 29) were recruited for a cross-sectional study (2018-2020).

Reliability of artificial intelligence chatbot responses to frequently asked questions in breast surgical oncology.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots, capable of simulating human-like conversations, are becoming more prevalent in healthcare. While this technology offers potential benefits in patient engagement and information accessibility, it raises concerns about potential misuse, misinformation, inaccuracies, and ethical challenges.

Methods: This study evaluated a publicly available AI chatbot, ChatGPT, in its responses to nine questions related to breast cancer surgery selected from the American Society of Breast Surgeons' frequently asked questions (FAQ) patient education website.

Association Between Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy and Measures of Glucose Metabolism: A Longitudinal Study.

Context: The long-term effect of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on glucose metabolism is an area of priority in transgender health research.

Objectives: To evaluate the relation between GAHT and changes in fasting blood glucose (FG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in transmasculine (TM) and transfeminine (TF) persons relative to the corresponding temporal changes in presumably cisgender persons (ie, without any evidence of gender diversity).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Early Injury Landscape in Vein Harvest by Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics.

Background: Vein graft failure following cardiovascular bypass surgery results in significant patient morbidity and cost to the healthcare system. Vein graft injury can occur during autogenous vein harvest and preparation, as well as after implantation into the arterial system, leading to the development of intimal hyperplasia, vein graft stenosis, and, ultimately, bypass graft failure. Although previous studies have identified maladaptive pathways that occur shortly after implantation, the specific signaling pathways that occur during vein graft preparation are not well defined and may result in a cumulative impact on vein graft failure.

A single-cell atlas characterizes dysregulation of the bone marrow immune microenvironment associated with outcomes in multiple myeloma.

Multiple Myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite advances in treatment options. Although tumor subtypes and specific DNA abnormalities are linked to worse prognosis, the impact of immune dysfunction on disease emergence and/or treatment sensitivity remains unclear. We established a harmonized consortium to generate an Immune Atlas of MM aimed at informing disease etiology, risk stratification, and potential therapeutic strategies.

Prostate Risk and Monitoring During Testosterone Replacement Therapy.

Abstract: Men with hypogonadism have reduced risk of prostate cancer mortality; whether testosterone treatment increases the risk of prostate safety events in men with hypogonadism remains controversial. Several studies including 4 larger randomized trials-the Testosterone Trials, TEstosterone and Atherosclerosis Progression in Aging Men (TEAAM) trial, Testosterone for Diabetes Mellitus trial, and Testosterone Replacement therapy for Assessment of long-term Vascular Events and efficacy ResponSE in hypogonadal men (TRAVERSE) trial-treated men with testosterone or placebo for 1 year or longer and reported prospectively ascertained prostate safety data. The TRAVERSE Trial, because of its large size, longer duration, and adjudication of prostate events, has provided comprehensive data on the risk of adverse prostate events during testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).

Maternal Steroid Hormone Levels in Early Pregnancy and Autism in the Offspring: A Population-Based, Nested Case-Control Study.

Background: A role for prenatal steroid hormones in the etiology of autism has been proposed, but evidence is conflicting.

Methods: Here, we examined serum levels of maternal estradiol, testosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (OHP), and cortisol from the first trimester of gestation (mean = 10.1 weeks) in relation to the odds of diagnosed autism with and without co-occurring intellectual disability (ID) in the offspring (n = 118 autism with ID, n = 249 autism without ID, n = 477 control).

Associations of Testosterone and Related Hormones With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Men : Individual Participant Data Meta-analyses.

Background: Whether circulating sex hormones modulate mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in aging men is controversial.

Purpose: To clarify associations of sex hormones with these outcomes.

Data Sources: Systematic literature review to July 2019, with bridge searches to March 2024.

Adaptation and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Satisfaction With Telephone Care Among Individuals Living With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) require routine medical follow-up. The usage of telephone care (TC) appointments increased because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to adapt a questionnaire to evaluate satisfaction with TC use and validate it among IBD individuals.

Single-cell analysis reveals an antiviral network that controls Zika virus infection in human dendritic cells.

Unlabelled: Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that caused an epidemic in the Americas in 2016 and is linked to severe neonatal birth defects, including microcephaly and spontaneous abortion. To better understand the host response to ZIKV infection, we adapted the 10× Genomics Chromium single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) assay to simultaneously capture viral RNA and host mRNA. Using this assay, we profiled the antiviral landscape in a population of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells infected with ZIKV at the single-cell level.