Dual Activities of Flower-like Gold-Iron Oxide Nanozyme for Peroxidase-mimicking and Glucose Detection.

Nanozymes, constituting of inorganic nanomaterials, are the sustainable and cost-effective alternatives of the naturally abundant enzymes. For more than a decade, nanozymes have shown astonishingly enhanced enzymatic activity as compared to its naturally occurring counterpart and emerged as a potential platform in biomedical science. The current study reports a novel flower shaped gold-iron oxide nanocomposite prepared via a facile and green solution phase redox mediated synthesis.

Development of immunocompetent full thickness skin tissue constructs to model skin fibrosis for high-throughput drug screening.

The lack of the immune component in most of the engineered skin models remains a challenge to study the interplay between different immune and non-immune cell types of the skin. Immunocompetent humanskin models offer potential advantages in recapitulatinglike behavior which can serve to accelerate translational research and therapeutics development for skin diseases. Here we describe a three-dimensional human full-thickness skin (FTS) equivalent incorporating polarized M1 and M2 macrophages from human peripheral CD14monocytes.

Exploring spin multiplicity in MoS.

The study of native point-defect-induced spin centres and the synergy of their origin and dynamics are key factors for developing the next-generation spintronics and quantum technologies using quasi-2D transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). With the help of low-temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements and first-principles calculations within density functional theory (DFT), herein we report for the very first time the presence of high-spin paramagnetic centres Mo and Mo in sulfur-deficient hexagonal molybdenum disulfide (2H-MoS) nanocrystals. This in fact opposes the established notion of spin = 1/2 mediated by Mo centres reported so far.

Correlation of surface properties with dissolution behavior of amorphous solid dispersion of Riluzole and its pharmacodynamic evaluation.

Formulation of amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) of any poorly water-soluble drug is among the most promising techniques to increase the dissolution profile of drug and hence its bioavailability. Various literatures give evidences of the role of drug-polymer interactions in the ASD systems, very little information is available about the surface properties of the drug molecule and their ASDs which contributes to a higher dissolution profile. Current work focuses on exploring the surface behavior of a poorly water-soluble drug Riluzole (RLZ) and its ASDs prepared with two highly hydrophilic polymers, polyacrylic acid (PAA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate (PVP VA).

Non-fused Pyrimidine Derivatives as Potential Pharmacological Entities: A Review.

Non-fused pyrimidine scaffold is a significant component for designing new drugs. The review emphasizes the pharmacological importance of non-fused pyrimidine-containing moieties based on the broad spectrum of activities such as antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antimycobacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity, and CNS depressant. Pyrimidine derivatives are fascinating entities that display biological activities for the treatment of cancer.

Ten-Million-Fold Increase in the Electrical Conductivity of a MOF by Doping of Iodine Into MOF Integrated Mixed Matrix Membrane.

The development of electrically conductive membranes is essential for advancing future technologies like electronic devices, supercapacitors, and batteries. Newly synthesized doubly interpenetrated 3D-Cd-MOF (Metal-Organic-Framework) containing angular tetra-carboxylate is found to display very poor electrical conductivity (10 S cm). However, it exhibits an exceptional ability to adsorb I (I@Cd-MOF) which shows increased electrical conductivity of the order of 10 S cm.

Estimation of Hamiltonian Parameters from Thermal States.

We upper bound and lower bound the optimal precision with which one can estimate an unknown Hamiltonian parameter via measurements of Gibbs thermal states with a known temperature. The bounds depend on the uncertainty in the Hamiltonian term that contains the parameter and on the term's degree of noncommutativity with the full Hamiltonian: higher uncertainty and commuting operators lead to better precision. We apply the bounds to show that there exist entangled thermal states such that the parameter can be estimated with an error that decreases faster than 1/sqrt[n], beating the standard quantum limit.

The AKT2/SIRT5/TFEB pathway as a potential therapeutic target in non-neovascular AMD.

Non-neovascular or dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a multi-factorial disease with degeneration of the aging retinal-pigmented epithelium (RPE). Lysosomes play a crucial role in RPE health via phagocytosis and autophagy, which are regulated by transcription factor EB/E3 (TFEB/E3). Here, we find that increased AKT2 inhibits PGC-1α to downregulate SIRT5, which we identify as an AKT2 binding partner.

Tissue Engineering of Outer Blood Retina Barrier for Therapeutic Development.

Age related macular degeneration and other retinal degenerative disorders are characterized by disruption of the outer blood retinal barrier (oBRB) with subsequent ischemia, neovascularization, and atrophy. Despite the treatment advances, there remains no curative therapy, and no treatment targeted at regenerating native-like tissue for patients with late stages of the disease. Here we present advances in tissue engineering, focusing on bioprinting methods of generating tissue allowing for safe and reliable production of oBRB as well as tissue reprogramming with induced pluripotent stem cells for transplantation.

Hyaluronic acid-oleylamine and chitosan-oleic acid conjugate-based hybrid nanoparticle delivery via. dissolving microneedles for enhanced treatment efficacy in localized breast cancer.

Microneedle technology offers a minimally invasive treatment strategy to deliver chemotherapeutics to localized tumors. Amalgamating the surface functionalized nanoparticles with microneedle technology can potentially deliver drugs directly to tumors and subsequently target cancer cells via, overexpressed receptors on the cell surface, thereby enhancing the treatment efficacy while reducing side effects. Here, we report cetuximab anchored hyaluronic acid-oleylamine and chitosan-oleic acid-based hybrid nanoparticle (HA-OA/CS-OA NPT)-loaded dissolving microneedles (MN) for targeted delivery of cabazitaxel (CBT) in localized breast cancer tumor.

Certifying Sets of Quantum Observables with Any Full-Rank State.

We show that some sets of quantum observables are unique up to an isometry and have a contextuality witness that attains the same value for any initial state. We prove that these two properties make it possible to certify any of these sets by looking at the statistics of experiments with sequential measurements and using any initial state of full rank, including thermal and maximally mixed states. We prove that this "certification with any full-rank state" (CFR) is possible for any quantum system of finite dimension d≥3 and is robust and experimentally useful in dimensions 3 and 4.

Lipid-coated nanocrystals of paclitaxel as dry powder for inhalation: Characterization, in-vitro performance, and pharmacokinetic assessment.

Background: Nanocrystals can be produced as a dry powder for inhalation (DPIs) to deliver high doses of drug to the lungs, owing to their high payload and stability to the shear stress of aerosolization force. Furthermore, lipid-coated nanocrystals can be formulated to improve the drug accumulation and retention in lung.

Objective: The present work involved the fabrication of paclitaxel nanocrystals using hydrophilic marine biopolymer fucoidan as a stabilizer.

An Automated Visual Psychophysics Method to Measure Visual Function in Swine Preclinical Animal Model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a test to assess visual function in pigs using the visual psychophysics contrast sensitivity function.

Methods: We utilized a touchscreen along with a pellet reward dispenser to train three Göttingen pigs on a visual psychophysics test and determined their contrast sensitivity function. Images with different contrast resolutions were used as visual stimuli and presented against a control image in a two-choice test.

Biopolymer-based tumor microenvironment-responsive nanomedicine for targeted cancer therapy.

Nanomedicine has opened up new avenues for cancer treatment by enhancing drug solubility, permeability and targeted delivery to cancer cells. Despite its numerous advantages over conventional therapies, nanomedicine may exhibit off-target drug distribution, harming nontarget regions. The increased permeation and retention effect of nanomedicine in tumor sites also has its limitations, as abnormal tumor vasculature, dense stroma structure and altered tumor microenvironment (TME) may result in limited intratumor distribution and therapeutic failure.

Fabrication of gelatin coated polycaprolactone nanofiber scaffolds co-loaded with luliconazole and naringenin for treatment of Candida infected diabetic wounds.

The current study focuses on the development of gelatin-coated polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers co-loaded with luliconazole and naringenin for accelerated healing of infected diabetic wounds. Inherently, PCL nanofibers have excellent biocompatibility and biodegradation profiles but lack bioadhesion characteristics, which limits their use as dressing materials. So, coating them with a biocompatible and hydrophilic material like gelatin can improve bioadhesion.

Differentiation of monocytes and polarized M1/M2 macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Here, we present a protocol to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) into adherent hematopoietic progenitors that release floating CD14+ CD45+ monocytes into the culture medium. We describe steps for iPSC expansion, embryoid body (EB) formation, suspension culture, plating EBs, and recurring harvests of monocytes, a.k.

Formulation and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan composite nanofiber co-loaded with silver nanoparticle & luliconazole encapsulated poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticle for treatment of diabetic foot ulcer.

Chronic wounds are prone to fungal infections, possess a significant challenge, and result in substantial mortality. Diabetic wounds infected with Candida strains are extremely common. It can create biofilm at the wound site, which can lead to antibiotic resistance.

Fabrication of dual drug-loaded polycaprolactone-gelatin composite nanofibers for full thickness diabetic wound healing.

Design of moxifloxacin and ornidazole co-loaded polycaprolactone and gelatin nanofiber dressing for diabetic wounds. The composite nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning technique and characterized for drug release, antibacterial activity, laser doppler and wound healing. The optimized nanofiber demonstrated an interconnected bead free nanofiber with average diameter <200 nm.

Deletion of IFT20 exclusively in the RPE ablates primary cilia and leads to retinal degeneration.

Vision impairment places a serious burden on the aging society, affecting the lives of millions of people. Many retinal diseases are of genetic origin, of which over 50% are due to mutations in cilia-associated genes. Most research on retinal degeneration has focused on the ciliated photoreceptor cells of the retina.

Diversity of small round cell sarcoma in soft tissues around bone among Indian patients.

Round cell tumors are a group of malignant tumors which shows overlapping microscopic features of small round monotonous cells with hyper-chromatic nucleus. It mostly occurs in children, adolescent, and young adults. The ancillary technique to confirm the differential diagnosis of round cells sarcoma is immuno-histo chemistry (IHC).

A biologically validated mathematical model for decoding epithelial apical, basolateral, and paracellular electrical properties.

Epithelial tissues form selective barriers to ions, nutrients, waste products, and infectious agents throughout the body. Damage to these barriers is associated with conditions such as celiac disease, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and age-related macular degeneration. Conventional electrophysiology measurements like transepithelial resistance can quantify epithelial tissue maturity and barrier integrity but are limited in differentiating between apical, basolateral, and paracellular transport pathways.

Development and Evaluation of Amorphous Solid Dispersion of Riluzole with PBPK Model to Simulate the Pharmacokinetic Profile.

In the current work, screening of polymers viz. polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone vinyl acetate (PVP VA), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate (HPMC AS) based on drug-polymer interaction and wetting property was done for the production of a stable amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) of a poorly water-soluble drug Riluzole (RLZ). PAA showed maximum interaction and wetting property hence, was selected for further studies.