Factor structure, reliability and validity of an Indian Scale for Assessment of Nomophobia (ISAN) among college students: A multicentre Indian study.

Background: The current severity assessment measures for nomophobia have issues related to clinical applicability, which makes them difficult to be consistently applied in the Indian context. We aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of severity of Nomophobia.

Methods: This study was a two-phase, exploratory sequential mixed method design conducted across three centres in India.

Hydroxyl chalcone derivative DK02 as a multi-target-directed ligand for Alzheimer's disease: A preclinical study in zebrafish.

Background And Purpose: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative condition characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau protein aggregates, leading to significant cognitive decline. Existing treatments primarily offer symptomatic relief, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapies that address multiple AD pathways. This study evaluates the efficacy of DK02, a hydroxyl chalcone derivative, in a scopolamine-induced dementia model in zebrafish, hypothesizing that it targets several neurodegenerative mechanisms simultaneously.

Influence of head and neck cancer exosomes on macrophage polarization.

Background: Tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) release exosomes that influence macrophage phenotypes, either pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic. This mechanism, especially in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), remains poorly understood. This study investigates the role of HNSCC exosomes in macrophage polarization.

Tri-Ponderal Mass Index-A reliable anthropometric index for early screening of adolescent obesity in a school-based setting: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study was designed to examine the reliability of the Tri-Ponderal Mass Index (TMI) for early screening of adolescent obesity compared with anthropometric measures such as hip circumference, neck circumference, waist circumference, waist-height ratio, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index.

Methods: A school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted between July and December 2019 among 1101 school-going adolescents (both sexes) aged 12 to 17 years, in Rudrapur, Uttarakhand, India. Anthropometric measurements were collected using well-calibrated equipment, and age- and sex-specific BMI percentile cutoff values recommended by the Indian Academy of Pediatrics were used to define overweight and obesity.

Circulating tumor cells in solid malignancies: From advanced isolation technologies to biological understanding and clinical relevance in early diagnosis and prognosis.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from primary tumors and travel through the body via circulation, eventually settling to form micrometastases under favorable conditions. Numerous studies have identified CTCs as a negative prognostic indicator for survival across various cancer types. CTCs mirror the current heterogeneity and genetic and biological state of tumors, making their study invaluable for understanding tumor progression, cell senescence, and cancer dormancy.

Protective effect of a novel furan hybrid chalcone against bisphenol A-induced craniofacial developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a pervasive endocrine disruptor, is known to cause significant developmental toxicity, particularly affecting craniofacial structures through oxidative stress and apoptosis. A novel furan hybrid chalcone derivative, 3-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-1-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (DK04), specifically with a hydroxyl group for its antioxidant properties and a nitro group for enhanced electron-withdrawing ability, was evaluated for its potential to mitigate these toxic effects. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to BPA and co-treated with various concentrations of DK04.

Sensory Reactivity Through the Lived Experiences of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Phenomenological Qualitative Study.

Background: The current sensory assessment measures for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have issues related to cultural and clinical applicability, which makes them difficult to apply in the Indian context consistently. The current study aimed to explore locally relevant themes for sensory reactivity in children with ASD.

Methods: This exploratory phenomenological qualitative study was carried out on 15 parents of children with ASD visiting the child guidance clinic.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Treating Primary Knee Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Interventional Study.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder causing pain, stiffness, and reduced function, significantly impacting the quality of life. Current treatments mainly provide symptomatic relief, with limited efficacy in halting disease progression. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a biological therapy rich in growth factors, has gained attention as a potential treatment for knee OA due to its regenerative properties.

An analytical observational study for diagnostic accuracy of volume, conductivity & scatter (VCS) indices of neutrophils for diagnosis of sepsis in an emergency hospital setting.

Background & objectives The newer technique using an innovative volume conductivity scatter (VCS) technology is emerging as a surrogate for sepsis diagnosis. The VCS technology offers a more objective method to measure cell volume (V), characterize conductivity (C) and light scatter (S) directly from more than 8,000 white blood cells (WBCs). However, diagnostic performance of VCS parameters in sepsis has not been extensively tested in routine hospital emergency settings.

From Cirrhosis to the Dysbiosis (A Loop of Cure or Complications?).

Gut dysbiosis and liver cirrhosis are two corelated complications that highly disturbs the metabolism of a normal human body. Liver cirrhosis is scarring of the hepatic tissue and gut dysbiosis is the imbalance in the microbiome of the gut. Gut dysbiosis in cirrhosis occurs due to increased permeability of the intestinal membrane which might induce immune responses and damage the normal functioning of the body.

Exosomal transcript cargo and functional correlation with HNSCC patients' survival.

Background: HPV status in a subset of HNSCC is linked with distinct treatment outcomes. Present investigation aims to elucidate the distinct clinicopathological features of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC and investigate their association with the HNSCC patient survival.

Materials And Methods: The total RNA of exosomes from HPV-positive (93VU147T) and HPV-negative (OCT-1) HNSCC cells was isolated, and the transcripts were estimated using Illumina HiSeq X.

Assessment of Severity of Substance use for Outcomes Research and Treatment (ASSORT): A substance use severity scale developed and validated across six tertiary care centers in India.

Background And Aims: Assessment of the severity of substance use disorders (SUDs) in a culture-sensitive manner can help gauge the current condition of the substance user and assess change with time. The present study aimed to develop a scale for the assessment of the severity of SUDs in the Indian clinical context.

Methods: Based upon the review of literature on previously available instruments and a consultative meeting of experts, a clinician-rated scale was developed that finally comprised 41 items.

Giant Cell Tumor of First Metatarsal: A Rare Case Report with Literature Review.

Introduction: Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a benign locally aggressive tumor with features of frequent recurrence and metastatic potential. GCT of small bones of hand and feet is rare with high recurrence and potential to metastasis. This study aims to provide a case report of GCT of the first metatarsal treated with wide excision, autologous fibular grafting, and fixation with locking plate.

Influential factors in anaerobic digestion of rice-derived food waste and animal manure: A comprehensive review.

Utilization of organic community wastes towards deriving sustainable renewable energy and adequate disposal of the residual has been an important topic of investigation. Anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of rice-derived food waste and animal manure for sustainable biogas generation is crucial from the view-point of community consumption. This paper presents an extensive review of the important and recent contributions in the related areas.

Physical activity and sedentary behavior perceptions in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review of qualitative study.

Background: One of the largest hazards to human health is obesity, which is intimately related to sedentarism and physical inactivity. Understanding the perspectives and attitudes of adults with overweight or obesity towards their lifestyle choices related to sedentary behavior and physical activity is essential for mitigating associated health risks.

Objective: This systematic review aims to collate the extent of qualitative research on the perception of sedentary behavior and physical activity among adults with overweight and obesity.

Correlation of Internal Jugular Vein and Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index with Direct Central Venous Pressure Measurement in Critically-ill Patients: An Observational Study.

Background And Aims: Prompt assessments and quick replacement of intravascular fluid are critical steps to resuscitate hypovolemic patients. Intravascular volume assessment by direct central venous pressure (CVP) measurement is an invasive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive procedure. Nowadays, bedside ultrasound-guided volume assessment of the internal jugular vein (IJV) or inferior vena cava (IVC) is commonly employed as a proxy for direct CVP.

Longitudinal study of cognitive function in people with HIV and toxoplasmic encephalitis or latent toxoplasma infection.

Background: Neurocognitive impairment (NCI) may occur during and persist even after recovery from HIV-related central nervous system (CNS) co-infections such as toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). The long-term cognitive effects of TE and latent toxoplomasmic infections (LTI) among persons with HIV (PWH) are unknown. We measured longitudinal effects on neurocognitive functioning in PWH with TE compared to LTI or no toxoplasmal infection.

Impact of Death Anxiety on Psychological Well-Being and Successful Aging of Older Adults With Chronic Illness.

Comorbidities due to aging and the COVID-19 pandemic together are expected to cause death anxiety among older adults. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of death anxiety and its impact on psychological well-being and successful aging of older adults with chronic illness. A cross-sectional correlational survey was conducted on 79 older adults with chronic illness, drawn with a stratified random sampling method.

A Randomized Double-Blinded Study To Compare the Efficacy of Propofol and Thiopentone To Prevent Succinylcholine-Induced Fasciculation and Myalgia in Gabapentin-Premedicated Patients.

Background: Succinylcholine is the most used short-acting depolarizing muscle relaxant for rapid sequence induction. However, its use is associated with adverse effects, like fasciculations and myalgia. Thus, many pretreatment modalities were used to minimize or prevent these adverse effects.

Description of Nomophobia Among College Students: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Background: Nomophobia is a situational phobia evoked by unavailability of smart phone or the thought of the possibility of not having it, not being able to use it and losing it. Currently used instruments for assessment of severity of nomophobia offers challenges of administration and have limited applicability in the Indian setting. Therefore, this study was aimed to depict and understand the lived experience of college students with nomophobia and making sense of it.

Long Term Surgical and Radiological Outcome of Discoid Lateral Meniscus: An Updated Systematic Review.

Purpose Of The Study: This study aimed to reach a consensus for ideal surgical treatment of discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) and to evaluate its long term surgical and radiological outcome.

Methods: All authors independently searched for peer reviewed publications with keywords like discoid lateral meniscus, tibial menisci abnormalities, tibial menisci surgery and clinical outcome and their representative Medical Subjects Headings (MeSH) in databases of PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from inception to December 2022. Original articles in English language on discoid lateral meniscus reporting clinical, surgical, or radiological outcomes with five or more years of follow-up were included in this systematic review.

Genetic Variations in EIF2AK3 are Associated with Neurocognitive Impairment in People Living with HIV.

Based on emerging evidence on the role for specific single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in EIF2AK3 encoding the integrated stress response kinase PERK, in neurodegeneration, we assessed the association of EIF2AK3 SNVs with neurocognitive performance in people with HIV (PWH) using a candidate gene approach. This retrospective study included the CHARTER cohort participants, excluding those with severe neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Genome-wide data previously obtained for 1047 participants and targeted sequencing of 992 participants with available genomic DNA were utilized to interrogate the association of three noncoding and three coding EIF2AK3 SNVs with the continuous global deficit score (GDS) and global neurocognitive impairment (NCI; GDS ≥ 0.

Poor Glycemic Control Affecting Screening of Prostate Carcinoma.

Introduction Diabetes and cancer are commonly linked together. The possible links include insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. These are factors that have potential promoting effects on the progression of cancer in many ways.