Management of Hyperglycemia in the Noncritical Care Setting: A Real-World Case-Based Approach With Alternative Insulin- and Noninsulin-Based Strategies.

Insulin remains the mainstay of treatment for inpatient hyperglycemia in the United States and Canada. However, some other countries commonly use noninsulin agents such as metformin and sulfonylureas, and several trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of incretin-based agents in patients with type 2 diabetes who are admitted to noncritical care medicine and surgery services. There is a high degree of interest in alternative glucose-lowering strategies to achieve favorable glycemic outcomes with lower risks of hypoglycemia.

Outcomes of "Real-World" Insulin Strategies in the Management of Hospital Hyperglycemia.

Context: Guidelines recommend scheduled long-acting basal and short-acting bolus insulin several times daily to manage inpatient hyperglycemia. In the "real world," insulin therapy is complicated, with limited data on the comparative effectiveness of different insulin strategies.

Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the association of different insulin strategies with glucose control and hospital outcomes after adjustment for patient and physician factors that influence choice of therapy.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: Results of an Emergent Pilot Study.

Background: Amidst the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has emerged as an alternative for inpatient point-of-care blood glucose (POC-BG) monitoring. We performed a feasibility pilot study using CGM in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: Single-center, retrospective study of glucose monitoring in critically ill patients with COVID-19 on insulin therapy using Medtronic Guardian Connect and Dexcom G6 CGM systems.

Comparison of Levothyroxine Dosing in Patients with and without Heart Failure.

: Evidence has shown that low thyroid hormone levels may lead to worse prognosis including a higher mortality rate in patients with heart failure (HF). Thyroid replacement increases cardiac output and exercise performance without causing significant adverse events. The purpose of this study is to compare levothyroxine doses in patients with and without HF.

Prediabetes: Why Should We Care?

A clear link between cardiovascular disease and prediabetes has emerged over the past few years. Recent studies have shown that patients with prediabetes can suffer from coronary artery disease and diastolic heart failure even before progressing to overt diabetes. With this knowledge, physicians must identify prediabetes and take appropriate measures to optimize glycemic control.

Hypothyroidism and the Heart.

Hypothyroidism is a commonly encountered clinical condition with variable prevalence. It has profound effects on cardiac function that can impact cardiac contractility, vascular resistance, blood pressure, and heart rhythm. With this review, we aim to describe the effects of hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism on the heart.

Endoscopic mucosal resection recurrence rate for colorectal lesions.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the polyp recurrence rate after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and factors contributing to increased recurrence.

Methods: MEDLINE (from 1966 to 2013), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Scopus database were searched in December 2013. Studies evaluating the polyp recurrence rate after colonic EMR were included.

Short palate, lung, and nasal epithelial clone-1 is a tightly regulated airway sensor in innate and adaptive immunity.

Short palate, lung, and nasal epithelial clone-1 (SPLUNC1) is a protein abundantly expressed by the respiratory epithelium of the proximal lower respiratory tract, a site of great environmental exposure. Previous studies showed that SPLUNC1 exerts antimicrobial effects, regulates airway surface liquid and mucociliary clearance, and suppresses allergic airway inflammation. We studied SPLUNC1 to gain insights into its role in host defense.

Reshaping pre-clerkship years in reproductive medicine education.

The educational program of the Paul L. Foster School of Medicine in El Paso, Texas integrates the basic and clinical sciences and organizes them according to the organ-system based units. The reproduction unit focuses on human reproduction, pregnancy and illnesses associated with the female genital tract and breast.

Discovery of functional motifs in h-regions of trypanosome signal sequences.

N-terminal signal peptides direct secretory proteins into the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) of eukaryotes or the periplasmic space of prokaryotes. A hydrophobic core (h-region) is important for signal sequence function; however, the mechanism of h-region action is not resolved. To gain new insight into signal sequences, bioinformatic analysis of h-regions from humans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trypanosoma brucei and Escherichia coli was performed.

Post-translational import of protein into the endoplasmic reticulum of a trypanosome: an in vitro system for discovery of anti-trypanosomal chemical entities.

HAT (human African trypanosomiasis), caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, is an emerging disease for which new drugs are needed. Expression of plasma membrane proteins [e.g.