Dendrobine: A neuroprotective Sesquiterpenic Alkaloid for the Prevention and Treatment of Diseases: A Review.

A sesquiterpenic alkaloid dendrobine is the major bioactive compound extracted from Lindl. This compound was structurally very similar to picrotoxinin (neurotoxin) containing bicyclic or tricyclic ring while dendrobine containing tetracyclic rings with up to 7 stereogenic centers showing numerous neuroprotective effects. Several sesquiterpenic alkaloids such as (+)-(1R,5R,6S,8R,9R)- 8,12-dihydroxy-copacamphan-3-en-2-one, dendrobine, denrine B, (+)- (1R,2S,3R,4S,5R,6S,9R)-3,11,12-trihydroxypicrotoxane-2(15)-lactone, dendroxine B, nobilonine, 13-Hydroxy-14-oxodendrobine, 6-Hydroxy-nobilonine and (-)-(1S,2R,3S,4R,5S,6R,9S,12R)- 3,11,13-trihydroxypicrotoxane-2(15)-lactone were isolated from This comprehensive review summarizes the necessary information on the morphology, biochemistry and pharmacology of dendrobine.

The occult rheumatic scourge: A clinicopathological analysis of missed rheumatic heart disease.

Aims: To study the clinical and pathological manifestations of missed cases of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and postulate possible reasons behind a missed diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective 20-year (2000-2019) autopsy data of chronic RHD were reviewed and patients, in whom the valvular deformities had been incidental autopsy findings, were selected. The clinical details of these patients were correlated with the morphology of the affected valves.

Acute rheumatic fever - A pathological analysis of clinically missed cases.

Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and its post-inflammatory sequel chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD) are endemic in the Indian setting. Despite the updated Jones criteria, many cases of ARF remain undiagnosed or are missed.

Aims: This study aims to analyze pathological profiles of such cases and their importance in context of clinical presentation and Jones criteria.

Factors associated with hospital readmissions among patients with COVID-19: A single-center experience.

Identify factors associated with readmission after an index hospital admission for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in a single center serving an underserved and predominantly minority population. This retrospective descriptive study included 275 patients who tested COVID-19 positive via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay at our institution and who survived the index hospitalization. The main outcomes were 1- and 6-month readmission rates after an index hospitalization for COVID-19.

Predictors of venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 in an underserved urban population: A single tertiary center experience.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is reported in up to 27% of patients with COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Dysregulated systemic inflammation and various patient traits are presumed to underlie this anomaly. Optimal VTE prophylaxis in COVID-19 patients has not been established due to a lack of validated models for predicting VTE in this population.

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in acute heart failure: invasive hemodynamic parameters and clinical outcomes.

There are limited data regarding the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARBs) in acute heart failure (AHF). The purpose is to determine the patterns of ACEi/ARB use at the time of admission and discharge in relation to invasive hemodynamic data, mortality, and heart failure (HF) readmissions. This is a retrospective single-center study in patients with AHF who underwent right heart catheterization between January 2010 and December 2016.

Association of Pre-Admission Statin Use With Reduced In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19.

Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection is associated with an uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response. Statins, given their anti-inflammatory properties, may reduce the associated morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the association between statin use prior to hospitalization and in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.

Prevailing patterns of liver enzymes in patients with COVID-19 infection and association with clinical outcomes.

Background: COVID-19 is now a critical threat to global public health. Although the majority of patients present with respiratory illness, several studies have described multiorgan involvement. This study evaluated the prevailing patterns of liver enzymes in COVID-19 patients on admission and their association with clinical outcomes.

Cationic Zinc Hydride Catalyzed Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Formate: Deciphering Elementary Reactions, Isolation of Intermediates, and Computational Investigations.

Zinc has been an element of choice for carbon dioxide reduction in recent years. Zinc compounds have been showcased as catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrosilylation and hydroboration. The extent of carbon dioxide reduction can depend on various factors, including electrophilicity at the zinc center and the denticity of the ancillary ligands.

Dialysis access as a source of infective endocarditis in dialysis patients.

The incidence of Infective Endocarditis (IE) is higher in dialysis patients compared to the general population. A major risk factor for IE in this group stems from bacterial invasion during repeated vascular access. Previous studies have shown increased risk of bacteremia in patients with indwelling dialysis catheters compared to permanent vascular access.

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers and outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) given their interaction with the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor remains controversial. .

Objective: To investigate the impact of ACEI/ARB on COVID-19 disease severity and mortality through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anticoagulation and bleeding risk in patients with COVID-19.

Background: There is no current standardized approach to anticoagulation in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) while potential bleeding risks remain. Our study characterizes the patterns of anticoagulation use in COVID-19 patients and the risk of related bleeding.

Methods: This is a single center retrospective analysis of 355 adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 from March 1 to May 31, 2020.

Bacterial infections and patterns of antibiotic use in patients with COVID-19.

Bacterial coinfection is associated with poor outcomes in patients with viral pneumonia, but data on its role in the mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited. This is a single-center retrospective analysis of 242 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to both intensive care and non-intensive care settings. Bacterial coinfection was determined by the presence of characteristic clinical features and positive culture results.

The relationship between diabetes and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: a single-center retrospective analysis.

Aims: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic. Diabetic patients tend to have poorer outcomes and more severe disease (Kumar et al. in Diabetes Metab Syndr 14(4):535-545, 2020.

Characteristics of peripheral blood differential counts in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Background: A lot remains unknown about the features and laboratory findings that may predict worse outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in complete blood count parameters and differential counts in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who survived compared to those who died.

Design: We performed a single-center retrospective study including 242 patients with confirmed COVID-19.

The relationship between coronary artery disease and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: a single-center retrospective analysis.

Introduction: Recent studies have reported evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately affected patients with underlying comorbidities. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of both cardiac and noncardiac comorbidities on a high-risk population with COVID-19 infection and coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to those without CAD.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who tested COVID-19 positive via reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) assay.

Color Doppler Splay: A Clue to the Presence of Significant Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: The authors describe a previously unreported Doppler signal associated with mitral regurgitation (MR) as imaged using transthoracic echocardiography. Horizontal "splay" of the color Doppler signal along the atrial surface of the valve may indicate significant regurgitation when the MR jet otherwise appears benign.

Methods: Splay was defined as a nonphysiologic arc of color centered at the point at which the MR jet emerges into the left atrium.

Characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients in an underserved-inner city population: A single tertiary center cohort.

There is limited information describing the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) especially those in underserved urban area with minority population in the United States. This is a retrospective single-center study for patients who were admitted with COVID-19 infection. Data collection was from 1 March through 24 April 2020.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury with COVID-19 in a US Inner City Hospital System.

Introduction: Emerging data have described poor clinical outcomes from infection with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2) among African American patients and those from underserved socioeconomic groups. We sought to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in this special population.

Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in an underserved area with a predominance of African American patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Palliative Care Utilization Among Patients With COVID-19 in an Underserved Population: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: As health-care institutions mobilize resources to address the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, palliative care may potentially be underutilized. It is important to assess the use of palliative care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This is a retrospective single-center study of patients with COVID-19 diagnosed via reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay admitted between March 1, 2020, and April 24, 2020.

Copper Bromide as an Efficient Solution-Processable Hole Transport Layer for Organic Solar Cells: Effect of Solvents.

In this work, we report copper bromide (CuBr) as an efficient, inexpensive, and solution-processable hole transport layer (HTL) for organic solar cells (OSCs) for the first time. To examine the effectiveness of the material in general, three different solvents such as acetonitrile (MeCN), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and dimethylformamide (DMF) are used for solution-processing thin-film deposition of CuBr. CuBr thin films deposited from different solvents show high transparency and no significant difference has been observed in absorption in the visible and near-IR range, whereas a slight difference has been found in the near-UV range by changing the solvents.

Peripheral Neuropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical and Electrophysiological Properties and their Association with Disease Activity Parameters.

Aim: To study clinical and electrophysiological properties of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their association with disease activity parameters.

Methods: A hospital-based observational study done among 50 SLE patients after informed consent. History and clinical examination including a detailed neurological examination was carried out.