Catalytic Hydrogenation of CO by Direct Air Capture to Valuable C1 Products Using Homogenous Catalysts.

Growing atmospheric CO concentrations are a global concern and a primary factor contributing to global warming. Development of integrated CO capture and conversion protocols is necessary to mitigate this alarming challenge. Though CO hydrogenation to produce formic acid and methanol has seen many strides in the past decades, most studies utilize pure CO for this transformation.

Dietary supplementation and the role of phytochemicals against the Alzheimer's disease: Focus on polyphenolic compounds.

Alzheimer's disease is a complicated, multifaceted, neurodegenerative illness that places an increasing strain on healthcare systems. Due to increasing malfunction and death of nerve cells, the person suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) slowly and steadily loses their memories, cognitive functions and even their personality. Although medications may temporarily enhance memory, there are currently no permanent therapies that can halt or cure this irreversible neurodegenerative process.

Smoking-induced shifts in salivary exosomal cytokines and amino acid profiles as potential early biomarkers for oral cancer.

Background: Chronic smoking is an established risk factor for oral cancer (OC). The role of tobacco in oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) emphasizes the need for non-invasive diagnostic approaches to identify early molecular alterations and improve patient outcomes. Salivary exosomes, which contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, accessible and rich in biological content, making them interesting candidate biomarkers.

Efficacy of salicylic acid (SA) in modulating the dynamics of pesticide-thiamethoxam-induced stress responses in Brassica juncea L. insights from biochemical and molecular dissection.

The present study uncovers the impacts of pesticide-thiamethoxam (TMX- 750 mg L) and salicylic acid (SA- 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) in Brassica juncea L.

Transduction of Human Fetal Liver Hematopoietic CD34+ Stem and Progenitor Cells into a Cell Line by Enhancing Telomerase Activity.

: Human fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells have proven potential as therapeutics but lack extensive research due to their limited supply. Even expanded fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells enter senescence or lose their self-renewal capacity after a few days in culture. The present study aimed to obtain a homogeneous and persistent supply of hematopoietic stem cells from the fetal liver by establishing a cell line through immortalization of cells by enhancing telomerase activity.

Revolutionising shift in advanced wound healing therapies: nanoengineered herbal gels.

Recent advancements in nanogel formulations have significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines in wound healing applications. This systematic review explores the integration of various herbal extracts and bioactive compounds into nano gels, highlighting their improved properties and wound healing application. Key formulations include tobacco stem nanogels demonstrating stability and rapid wound contraction, neem and silk fibroin hydrogels accelerating wound regeneration, and curcumin nanosuspension-based nanogels significantly enhancing wound contraction rates.

Deconvoluting zavegepant drug-drug interactions: A phase I study to evaluate the effects of rifampin and itraconazole on zavegepant pharmacokinetics.

Zavegepant is a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist for acute migraine treatment. This Phase I, open-label, fixed-sequence study evaluated the effects of itraconazole (a strong cytochrome P450 3A4 [CYP3A4] and P-glycoprotein [P-gp] inhibitor) on the pharmacokinetics of intranasal/oral zavegepant and the effects of rifampin (a strong inducer of CYP3A4 and P-gp; and an inhibitor of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 [OATP1B3]) on oral zavegepant in healthy participants. In the intranasal/oral zavegepant-itraconazole cohort, participants received a single 10-mg dose of zavegepant nasal spray on Day 1, followed by oral zavegepant (50 mg) on Day 3.

ProTformer: Transformer-based model for superior prediction of protein content in lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L.) using Near-Infrared Reflectance spectroscopy.

Lablab bean (Lablab purpureus L.), known for its higher protein content provides a promising alternative to reduce reliance on animal-based proteins and support sustainable agriculture. Nowadays, traditional methods for nutritional profiling have been outperformed by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) integrated with Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS).

Combined application of earthworms and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improve metal uptake, photosynthetic efficiency and modulate secondary metabolites levels under chromium metal toxicity in Brassica juncea L.

Chromium (Cr) toxicity impairs essential morphological and metabolic activities in plants. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the beneficial role of plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strains namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa (M1), Burkholderia gladioli (M2) and earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in alleviating Cr toxicity in 10 days old Brassica juncea L. The findings delineated that addition of earthworms and PGPR restored growth, boosted Cr uptake and showed upregulation of metal transporter genes (SULTR 1-4).

Molecular insights from structural dynamics of HER2-inhibitor complexes pave the way for new breast cancer drugs.

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is closely associated with the development and progression of breast cancer, making it a critical target for therapeutic interventions. In this study, we employed a comprehensive computational drug discovery strategy to identify potential inhibitors of HER2. Our approach combined virtual screening, re-docking procedures, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and free energy landscape analysis using principal component analysis (PCA).

Comparative bioavailability of single-dose zavegepant during and between migraine attacks: A phase 1, randomized, open-label, fixed-sequence, two-period study.

Objective: To compare the rate and extent of absorption of zavegepant 10 mg (therapeutic dose) or 20 mg (supratherapeutic dose) nasal spray during a migraine attack versus non-migraine period, assess safety, and explore efficacy and the relationship between zavegepant concentration and therapeutic response.

Background: Physiologic changes occurring during a migraine attack could affect the pharmacokinetics of treatments for migraine.

Methods: This was a Phase 1, multicenter, open-label, randomized, single-dose, two-period, fixed-sequence, comparative bioavailability study.

Identification of heat-tolerant mungbean genotypes through morpho-physiological evaluation and key gene expression analysis.

Mungbean plays a significant role in global food and nutritional security. However, the recent drastic rise in atmospheric temperature has posed an imminent threat to mungbean cultivation. Therefore, this study investigates the growth and physiological changes of 87 mungbean germplasm lines under heat stress.

An integrated approach combining experimental, informatics and energetic methods for solid form derisking of PF-06282999.

The landscapes of observed and predicted three-dimensional crystal packing arrangements of small-molecule drug candidates can be complex. The possible appearance of a more thermodynamically stable solid form during drug development has led to the digital workflow of informatics-based risk assessments, named a Solid Form Health Check. Herein, we describe the use of a combined approach consisting of experiments, informatics together with energetic calculations in analysis of four competing polymorphs of PF-06282999, a myeloperoxidase (MPO) inhibitor with conformational flexibility and multiple plausible hydrogen bond networks.

The seventh blind test of crystal structure prediction: structure generation methods.

A seventh blind test of crystal structure prediction was organized by the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre featuring seven target systems of varying complexity: a silicon and iodine-containing molecule, a copper coordination complex, a near-rigid molecule, a cocrystal, a polymorphic small agrochemical, a highly flexible polymorphic drug candidate, and a polymorphic morpholine salt. In this first of two parts focusing on structure generation methods, many crystal structure prediction (CSP) methods performed well for the small but flexible agrochemical compound, successfully reproducing the experimentally observed crystal structures, while few groups were successful for the systems of higher complexity. A powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) assisted exercise demonstrated the use of CSP in successfully determining a crystal structure from a low-quality PXRD pattern.

Salivary cysteine levels as a potential biochemical indicator of oral cancer risk in tobacco consumers.

Oral cancer is the leading cause of mortality, with a survival rate of less than 5 years, and is predominantly influenced by tobacco mutagens. Invasive diagnostic methods hinder early detection of oral cancer biomarkers. The present study performed salivary biochemical analysis for early oral cancer screening in tobacco consumers.