Foramen Magnum Chordoid Meningioma in a 22-Year-old Female.

Chordoid meningioma is a rare variety of meningioma (0.5%-1%) with high rate of recurrence. They are grouped in WHO Grade II tumors.

Methotrexate Cutaneous Toxicity following a Single Dose of 10 mg in a Case of Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: A Possible Idiosyncratic Reaction.

Low-dose methotrexate is a well-tolerated and inexpensive systemic immunosuppressive agent used commonly in dermatology. However, several adverse events such as pancytopenia, pneumonitis, mucositis, and cutaneous ulcerations may develop during acute toxicity with dose-dependent or idiosyncratic mechanisms. Risk factors for methotrexate toxicity include advanced age, hypoalbuminemia, renal dysfunction, and concomitant drugs increasing the level of methotrexate in the body.

Efficacy of Cranial Electrical Stimulation and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy in Improving Psychological Illness among Chronic Stroke Survivors: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Stroke survivors suffer from significant neuropsychiatric disturbances and these disturbances act as barrier in the motor recovery. Medication is the common treatment but it has adverse effects. Hence, there is a need to find out effective treatments with or without minimal side effects for gross motor recovery of the patient.

Cytodiagnosis of extramedullary hematopoiesis in serous effusion: A rare presentation unfolding the underlying etiology.

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) usually involves reticuloendothelial system. However, it rarely may be present in the serous body effusions. In our case, the fluid cytology of both peritoneal and pleural fluid was diagnostic of the EMH in a patient with an undiagnosed underlying etiology.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney: A rare case report.

Renal primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare primary renal neoplasm. Morphologically, it may mimic small blue round-cell tumor. Hence, histopathology in conjunction with immunohistochemistry plays a significant role in correctly diagnosing this malignancy.

Metabolomics Biomarkers for Detection of Colorectal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review.

Background: Several approaches have been suggested to be useful in the early detection of colorectal neoplasms. Since metabolites are closely related to the phenotype and are available from different human bio-fluids, metabolomics are candidates for non-invasive early detection of colorectal neoplasms.

Objectives: We aimed to summarize current knowledge on performance characteristics of metabolomics biomarkers that are potentially applicable in a screening setting for the early detection of colorectal neoplasms.

Correcting common misconceptions to inspire conservation action in urban environments.

Despite repeated calls to action, proposals for urban conservation are often met with surprise or scepticism. There remains a pervasive narrative in policy, practice, and the public psyche that urban environments, although useful for engaging people with nature or providing ecosystem services, are of little conservation value. We argue that the tendency to overlook the conservation value of urban environments stems from misconceptions about the ability of native species to persist within cities and towns and that this, in turn, hinders effective conservation action.

Microfilaria in kidney biopsy: A report of two cases.

Filariasis is traditionally diagnosed on finding microfilaria in peripheral blood smear and in cases of occult filariasis by immunological tests. Clinically, it presents with a wide range of symptoms and signs. We present two cases of filariasis presenting with renal symptoms warranting kidney biopsy.

Sinonasal malignant melanoma with metastasis: Immunohistochemistry meeting the diagnostic challenge.

Sinonasal malignant melanoma is one of the uncommon and highly aggressive tumors of the sinonasal cavity. Cytomorphological features in a metastatic lymph node may reveal a diagnosis of malignant melanoma. This case had nondiagnostic cytological and histopathological features, which could suggest malignant melanoma.

Dedifferentiated adenoid cystic carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid.

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (Ca ex PA) is defined as a carcinoma arising from a primary (de novo) or recurrent benign pleomorphic adenoma. The most common histological subtype is adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified, salivary duct carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Few case reports of de novo dedifferentiation in ACC are there in the literature, mostly involving minor salivary glands.

Study of Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and Angiogenesis in Urothelial neoplasms: Correlation with tumor grade and stage.

Background: Urinary bladder carcinoma ranks ninth in worldwide cancer incidence. About 74,000 new cases were diagnosed in 2015 alone and 16,000 persons died of the disease. Since histopathology is considered gold standard for diagnosis, it is prudent to look for potential tumor proliferation and predictive markers in such a prevalent malignancy so as to alert surgical and medical oncologists for timely intervention and provide better patient-tailored therapy.

An Ecological Exploration of Facilitators to Participation in a Mosque-Based Physical Activity Program for South Asian Muslim Women.

Background: This descriptive qualitative study informed by an ecological framework explored factors influencing South Asian Muslim women's decisions to participate in a mosque-based physical activity intervention.

Methods: Individual, face-to-face, semistructured interviews were conducted in English, Hindi, or Urdu with 12 South Asian Muslim women at their home or mosque in Ontario, Canada. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and managed, sorted, and analyzed for themes through a process of descriptive analysis.

Isolated Epitrochlear Filarial Lymphadenopathy: Cytomorphological Diagnosis of an Unusual Presentation.

Filariasis is a major public health problem in tropical countries like India. Despite the large number of people at risk, detection of eggs with or without larva (microfilaria) on fine-needle aspiration cytology is very unusual, especially in an uncommon site or incidentally detected in clinically unsuspected cases of filariasis with the absence of microfilariae in the peripheral blood. A 19-year-old male presented with swelling over medial aspect of left arm (just above the elbow), with no other specific signs and symptoms.

Immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study on epithelioid glioblastoma: Series of seven cases with review of literature.

Epithelioid glioblastoma (e-gbm) is a recently described variant of glioblastoma (GBM) which is associated with short survival and now added as a provisional entity to WHO 2016 classification of CNStumors. About half of these tumors show characteristic BRAF-V600E mutation. However, unlike conventional GBMs, e-gbm lack specific diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Installation of the Ether Bridge of Lolines by the Iron- and 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Oxygenase, LolO: Regio- and Stereochemistry of Sequential Hydroxylation and Oxacyclization Reactions.

The core of the loline family of insecticidal alkaloids is the bicyclic pyrrolizidine unit with an additional strained ether bridge between carbons 2 and 7. Previously reported genetic and in vivo biochemical analyses showed that the presumptive iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent (Fe/2OG) oxygenase, LolO, is required for installation of the ether bridge upon the pathway intermediate, 1- exo-acetamidopyrrolizidine (AcAP). Here we show that LolO is, in fact, solely responsible for this biosynthetic four-electron oxidation.

Targeting of cathepsin C induces autophagic dysregulation that directs ER stress mediated cellular cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer cells.

As Autophagy is a pivotal mechanism of cancer cell survival and the development of chemotherapeutic resistance; therefore, new approaches are warranted for its targeting which may be fulfilled by cathepsins regulation. Amongst cathepsins, cathepsin C (CTSC) is highly expressed in various cancers and possesses significant therapeutic potential in autoimmune disorders; however, its role in colorectal cancer has not been explored. Herein, we aimed to investigate the role of CTSC in autophagy regulation mediated colorectal carcinoma cell proliferation.