Outcome of Corynebacterial Bloodstream Infection in Patients With Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: A Brief Report and Systematic Review.

Cardiac implantable electronic device infection in the context of corynebacterial bloodstream infection (BSI) remains poorly understood. From 2012 to 2023 at Mayo Clinic, 4 of 12 patients with corynebacterial BSI had cardiac implantable electronic device infection: 1 patient was diagnosed during a relapsing BSI episode. Undefined source, persistent BSI, and the presence of a prosthetic cardiac valve were common characteristics.

Candidemia in Patients With Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices: Uncertainty in Management Based on Current International Guidelines.

Background: In contrast to bloodstream infection due to a variety of bacteria in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED), there are limited data regarding candidemia and risk of CIED infection.

Methods: All patients with candidemia and a CIED at Mayo Clinic Rochester between 2012 and 2019 were reviewed. Cardiovascular implantable electronic device infection was defined by (1) clinical signs of pocket site infection or (2) echocardiographic evidence of lead vegetations.

Bacteremia due to non- gram-positive cocci and risk of cardiovascular implantable electronic device infection.

Background: Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection carries significant morbidity and mortality with bacteremia being a possible marker of device infection. A clinical profile of non- gram-positive cocci (non-SA GPC) bacteremia in patients with CIED has been limited.

Objective: To examine characteristics of patients with CIED who developed non-SA GPC bacteremia and risk of CIED infection.

Risk of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection in Patients Presenting With Gram-Negative Bacteremia.

Background: Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) as a manifestation of cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection is uncommon. Moreover, echocardiography may be nonspecific in its ability to differentiate whether CIED lead masses are infected. We aimed to determine the rate of CIED infection in the setting of GNB.

Evaluation of European Heart Rhythm Association consensus in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices and Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Background: Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation has markedly increased over the past 2 decades. Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) occurs in patients with CIED, and determination of device infection often is difficult.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the rate and clinical characteristics of SAB in patients living with CIED using the 2019 European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) international consensus document.

Association between high vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration and clinical outcomes in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between high vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (MRSAB), and both mortality and complicated bacteremia.

Methods: Embase, Medline, EBM, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for studies published from January 1st 2014 to February 29th 2020. "High" vancomycin MIC cut off was defined as ≥ 1.

Endogenous endophthalmitis in Klebsiella pneumoniae pyogenic liver abscess: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is a devastating complication that develops as a metastatic infection in patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae pyogenic liver abscess (KPPLA). The existing data are heterogeneous and the actual disease burden and risk factors for the development of EE among patients with KPPLA have not been systematically examined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the incidence of EE, temporal trend of EE, and risk factors for EE in patients with KPPLA.

Is a single set of negative blood cultures sufficient to ensure clearance of bloodstream infection in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia? The skip phenomenon.

Background: The most recent version of the Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections states that a single set of negative blood cultures is sufficient to demonstrate clearance of bacteremia. However, S. aureus might exhibit fluctuating blood culture positivity, labeled as "the skip phenomenon".

Diagnosis and Treatment of Isolated Cerebral Mucormycosis: Patient-Level Data Meta-Analysis and Mayo Clinic Experience.

Background: Isolated cerebral mucormycosis is a rare and serious infection associated with intravenous drug abuse.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of cases reported in studies and have included an unreported case from our institution. We searched PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, and our institution's electronic medical health records from inception through March 31, 2018.

Causing Bilateral Empyema.

Lactobacilli are common commensal bacteria found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract. Although they are usually thought to be nonpathogenic, there have been several cases that demonstrate severe infections caused by these microorganisms. This is a case of a 49-year-old male with previously undiagnosed type two diabetes mellitus who presented with a 3-month history of cough and was found to have right sided empyema for which he underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) with chest tube placement.

Strategies to prevent infections associated with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices.

Infections involving cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED) are associated with high morbidity and mortality and substantial financial cost. In the past two decades, the rate of CIED infections has increased disproportionate to the number of devices implanted, likely due to aging patient population with multiple comorbidities. Microbial contamination of the generator pocket and or leads by skin flora at the time of implantation is a major mechanism for early CIED infections.

Popliteal Cyst Infection and Review of the Literature.

A 66-year-old, Caucasian male presented with pain and swelling involving the left knee of one-week duration. Arthrocentesis was negative for evidence of septic arthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the left knee showed degenerative arthritis, partial tear of medial meniscus, and a complex fluid collection along the posteromedial aspect of the left knee suggestive of popliteal cyst.

Clinical Presentation, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Hematogenous Prosthetic Joint Infection in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is a life-threatening condition that may lead to metastatic infection, including prosthetic joint infection.

Methods: To assess clinical factors associated with hematogenous prosthetic joint infection, we retrospectively reviewed all patients with a joint arthroplasty in place at the time of a first episode of S. aureus bacteremia over a 5-year period at our institution.

Streptococcus gordonii prosthetic joint infection in the setting of vigorous dental flossing.

A 65-year-old woman with osteoarthritis, who underwent knee replacement 5 years prior, developed sudden onset knee pain and swelling. She had voluntarily starting a vigorous dental flossing regimen prior to the onset of symptoms. The patient underwent right knee arthrotomy, irrigation and debridement of right total knee arthroplasty and exchange of polyethylene with retention of the prosthesis.

Predicting Risk of Endocarditis Using a Clinical Tool (PREDICT): Scoring System to Guide Use of Echocardiography in the Management of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious complication of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). There is limited clinical evidence to guide use of echocardiography in the management of SAB cases.

Methods: Baseline and 12-week follow-up data of all adults hospitalized at our institution with SAB from 2006 to 2011 were reviewed.

Predicting risk of endovascular device infection in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (PREDICT-SAB).

Background: Prompt recognition of underlying cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection in patients presenting with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is critical for optimal management of these cases. The goal of this study was to identify clinical predictors of CIED infection in patients presenting with SAB and no signs of pocket infection.

Methods And Results: All cases of SAB in CIED recipients at Mayo Clinic from 2001 to 2011 were retrospectively reviewed.

Clostridium hathewayi bacteraemia and surgical site infection after uterine myomectomy.

A 42-year-old woman with uterine fibroids underwent myomectomy. She developed postoperative sepsis and bloodstream infection with Clostridium hathewayi secondary to an infected haematoma. The patient was readmitted after failure of oral antibiotic therapy and underwent intrauterine drainage followed by prolonged parenteral antibiotic therapy.

Appropriate use of echocardiography in managing Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is increasing, both in the community and in healthcare settings. Accurate and timely diagnosis of underlying infective endocarditis (IE) is critical for optimal management of SAB cases as it has significant management and prognostic implications. Reported prevalence of IE in patients with SAB varies depending on the study population, and ranges from 10 to 30%.

Soft tissue anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma associated with a metallic orthopedic implant: case report and review of the current literature.

On occasion, the placement of orthopedic prosthetic components or stabilization hardware leads to surgical site infections, in some cases presenting at a point in time distant from the surgical procedure. Although infectious complications are the most common etiology for surgical site pain and inflammation, malignancies can also develop around prosthetic devices and metallic implants. When encountered, such malignancies are most often sarcoma, but rarely B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has also been described.