Monitoring agricultural drought in Peshawar Valley, Pakistan using long -term satellite and meteorological data.

Monitoring agricultural drought across a large area is challenging, especially in regions with limited data availability, like the Peshawar Valley, which holds great agricultural significance in Pakistan. Although remote sensing provides biophysical variables such as precipitation (P), land surface temperature (LST), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and relative soil moisture (RSM) to assess drought conditions at various spatiotemporal scales, these variables have limited capacity to capture the complex nature of agricultural drought and associated crop responses. Here, we developed a composite drought index named "Temperature Vegetation ET Dryness Index" (TVEDI) by modifying the Temperature Vegetation Precipitation Dryness Index (TVPDI) and integrating NDVI, LST, and remotely sensed evapotranspiration (ET) using 3D space and Euclidean distance.

Dedicated Bioenergy Crops and Water Erosion.

Information on the water quality impact of perennial warm-season grasses (WSGs) when grown in marginal lands as dedicated energy crops is limited. We studied how WSGs affected runoff, sediment, and nutrient losses and related near-surface soil properties to those of no-till corn ( L.) on an eroded soil in southwestern Iowa and a center pivot corner in east-central Nebraska.