Publications by authors named "Bharat Patel"
Background: Approximately 71% of antibiotics in England are prescribed in general practice settings. Whilst there are various impactful training resources available to support clinicians in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities, implementation, reach, and uptake affect how successful they are nationally. This case study explores the feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of embedding the TARGET (Treat Antibiotics Responsibly, Guidance, Education and Tools) AMS training into a local incentive scheme.
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- * These structures can disassemble at different pH levels due to an ester linkage, and their ability to bind to lysozyme is influenced by the ratio of chitobiose in the mixture, showing higher binding affinity with increased chitobiose content.
- * The complex of chitobiose and lysozyme exhibits slower lytic activity compared to lysozyme alone, suggesting that while it binds strongly, it may delay the enzyme's effectiveness in breaking down bacteria.
Article Synopsis
- Some JAK inhibitors like ruxolitinib can worsen anemia in myelofibrosis patients; switching to momelotinib may be more beneficial for managing anemia while maintaining symptom control.
- The SIMPLIFY-2 trial compared momelotinib with best available therapy (mostly ruxolitinib) in JAK inhibitor-experienced patients, revealing better transfusion independence rates in those switched to momelotinib.
- Patients with lower baseline hemoglobin levels experienced greater improvements in mean hemoglobin and overall outcomes with momelotinib, suggesting it's a better option for those struggling with anemia.
The emergent fungal pathogen is increasingly recognised as an important cause of healthcare-associated infections globally. It is highly transmissible, adaptable, and persistent, resulting in an organism with significant outbreak potential that risks devastating consequences. Progress in the ability to identify in clinical specimens is encouraging, but laboratory diagnostic capacity and surveillance systems are lacking in many countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhthalate esters are known to be endocrine disrupting chemicals and are documented to pollute environments. Enzymatic degradation of PAEs is a potential bioremedial strategy to manage contamination. Thermostable bioremedial enzymes have advantages in enzyme manufacturing and storage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Design: Retrospective study.
Purpose: To analyze the results and effectiveness of percutaneous screws (PS) with midline microscopic transforaminal decompression (MTFD) technique in reducing adult stiff lytic high-grade spondylolisthesis (HGSL) and compare it with the conventional technique.
Overview Of Literature: Pedicle screw cannulation and segmental kyphosis negotiation are surgical challenges in HGSL.
Article Synopsis
- * A notable 42% attack rate was recorded, but the overall clinical impact was mild, even among high-risk patients, with only one reported death due to COVID-19 pneumonitis.
- * These findings indicate that while the BA.5.2.1 variant spreads easily, it tends to result in less severe illness among vaccinated individuals, including those typically at higher risk.
Objective: Increased incidence of neonatal Staphylococcus capitis bacteraemia in summer 2020, London, raised suspicion of widespread multidrug-resistant clone NRCS-A. We set out to investigate the molecular epidemiology of this clone in neonatal units (NNUs) across the UK.
Methods: We conducted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on presumptive S.
Biological degradation of plastic waste is an environmentally and economically friendlier alternative to current recycling practices and enables the cycling of plastic monomers back into virgin-quality plastics. However, due to slow reaction rates, there is a lack of an industrially viable biodegradation strategy for most plastics. Here, we highlight the applicability of a thermophilic biodegradation strategy over a mesophilic approach, to enhance enzyme accessibility and catalyze plastic biodegradation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCastor ( L.) is an important industrial multipurpose non-edible oilseed C crop belongs to spurge family popularly known as Euphorbiaceae. Its oil has exceptional properties which provides an industrial importance to this crop.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Adult population visiting COVID vaccination center is a potential teachable moment for screening and preventive advice on non-communicable diseases.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the proportion of vaccinees volunteering for screening and to know the proportion of newly detected hypertensives and diabetics among the screened vaccinees at COVID-19 vaccination center.
Setting And Design: This descriptive, cross-sectional, operational research study was carried out at the COVID vaccination center at a medical college in central Gujarat from July to September 2021.
Article Synopsis
- Asiatic acid (AA)
- has potential neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer’s disease, and this study aimed to enhance its delivery to the brain using nanostructured lipid carriers (AAN).
- Methodology
- involved optimizing AAN through various factors affecting particle size, stability, and efficiency, followed by testing its effectiveness in protecting neurons and improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's model rats.
- Results
- showed that AAN had significantly improved targeting and neuroprotective capabilities compared to standard AA, and effectively reduced cognitive deficits in the AD model, suggesting its potential for further development in treating the disease.
Aim/objective: Quantitative fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) were recommended by NICE for patients in primary care presenting with low-risk symptoms of colorectal cancer (CRC). FIT is more accurate in the detection of CRC than symptom criteria. Despite this, CRC still occurs with a negative FIT and the importance of safety netting for patients with severe or persistent symptoms is paramount.
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- In England, between 2018 and 2019, there were 10 outbreaks of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) associated with home healthcare, leading to 96 cases and 28 deaths, which is a case-fatality rate of 29%.
- Detecting these outbreaks was challenging, but using techniques like emm typing and whole-genome sequencing helped improve identification of cases, revealing multiple transmission routes.
- Effective outbreak control necessitated various strategies, including better infection control practices and antimicrobial prophylaxis for staff, though many routes of transmission and the best interventions remain unclear, highlighting the need for greater awareness from public health agencies.
Aims: This research aimed to evaluate the potential of MY loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (MY-NLCs) to ameliorate the bioavailability in the brain and cognitive impairment in Aβ induced Alzheimer''s model.
Materials And Methods: MY-NLCs were prepared with precirol ATO 5, labrafac lipophile WL 1349, and tween 80 as solid lipid, liquid lipid, and surfactant respectively. The formulation was optimized with central composite design (CCD) and characterized by different parameters.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a falls risk assessment toolkit (FRAT) at a UK medical center on non-elective admissions due to falls and the use of psychotropic medications.
- The analysis used data from before and after the toolkit's implementation in July 2017, focusing on the number and cost of admissions, as well as prescribing data for medications.
- Results showed a significant decrease in both non-elective fall admissions and prescription costs for psychotropic medications, suggesting that the FRAT effectively reduced falls and related expenses.
An outbreak caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) variant in a care home after partial vaccination with a single dose of the COVID-19 vaccine Vaxzevria, London, England, April 2021.
Euro Surveill
July 2021
We investigated a COVID-19 outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern in a London care home, where 8/21 residents and 14/21 staff had received a single dose of Vaxzevria (ChAdOx1-S; AstraZeneca) vaccine. We identified 24 SARS-CoV-2 infections (16 residents, 8 staff) among 40 individuals (19 residents, 21 staff); four (3 residents, 1 staff) were hospitalised, and none died. The attack rate after one vaccine dose was 35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Care homes have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the potential role of asymptomatic infection and silent transmission in London care homes that reported no cases of COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic.
Methods: Five care homes with no cases and two care homes reporting a single case of COVID-19 (non-outbreak homes) were investigated with nasal swabbing for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and serology for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies five weeks later.
Background is an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen associated with bloodstream, wound and other infections, especially in critically ill patients. carriage is persistent and is difficult to eradicate from the hospital environment.AimWe aimed to pilot admission screening for in intensive care units (ICUs) in England to estimate prevalence in the ICU population and to inform public health guidance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Previous investigations have identified high rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among residents and staff in care homes reporting an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated care homes reporting a single suspected or confirmed case to assess whether early mass testing might reduce risk of transmission during the peak of the pandemic in London.
Methods: Between 18 and 27 April 2020, residents and staff in care homes reporting a single case of COVID-19 to Public Health England had a nasal swab to test for SARS-CoV-2 infection by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and subsequent whole-genome sequencing.
Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe evolution, epidemiology and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in subjects tested at or admitted to hospitals in North West London.
Design: Observational cohort study.
Setting: London North West Healthcare NHS Trust (LNWH).
Article Synopsis
- A study in six London care homes with COVID-19 outbreaks examined the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection among residents and staff, with a follow-up five weeks later to assess antibody levels.
- In the initial investigation, 77.2% of surviving residents and 81.9% of staff participated in serological testing, revealing that nearly all previously infected individuals developed antibodies, regardless of symptom status.
- The findings suggest that RT-PCR testing alone underrepresents actual exposure rates during outbreaks, highlighting that most participants had neutralizing antibodies regardless of their age or symptoms.
Article Synopsis
- Care homes in London experienced significant COVID-19 outbreaks in April 2020, with 39.8% of residents testing positive for SARS CoV-2, and a notable difference in case-fatality rates among symptomatic versus asymptomatic individuals.
- 105 out of 264 residents and 53 out of 254 staff tested positive, with many being asymptomatic, indicating that symptom-based screening may not be enough to control outbreaks.
- Whole genome sequencing revealed multiple introductions of different SARS-CoV-2 strains in individual care homes, emphasizing the complexity of infection control in these settings.