The Burden of Diabetic Foot Ulcers in Urban India: A Community Healthcare Setup-Based Study.

Introduction: Foot ulcer is the most common cause of hospitalisation among people with diabetes (PWD). The objective of the study is to determine the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in the urban community in India and its relationship with glycemic level and demographic parameters like age and sex among diabetic patients.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed from January 2016 to December 2018 at an urban community set up in Mumbai.

Does women empowerment associate with reduced risks of intimate partner violence in India? evidence from National Family Health Survey-5.

Background: Women empowerment is commonly believed to be an important factor affecting a woman's likelihood of facing violence from her intimate partner. Even as countries invest in policies that aim to strengthen women empowerment, studies show that increase in women empowerment does not necessarily decrease intimate partner violence (IPV) against them. Against this paradox, the present study seeks to understand the specific empowerment components that associate with IPV against women in India.

Recognising socio-cultural barriers while seeking early detection services for breast cancer: a study from a Universal Health Coverage setting in India.

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer among women in India, yet the uptake of early detection programs is poor. This leads to late presentation, advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, and high mortality. Poor accessibility and affordability are the most commonly cited barriers to screening: we analyse socio-cultural factors influencing the uptake of early detection programmes in a Universal Health Coverage (UHC) setting in India, where geographical and financial barriers were mitigated.

Trends of surgical-care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-centre study in India (IndSurg Collaboration).

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns adversely affected global healthcare services to varying extents. To accommodate its added burden, emergency services were affected along-with elective surgeries.

Aims: To quantify and analyze the trends of essential surgeries and bellwether procedures during the waxing and waning of the pandemic, across various hospitals in India.

Breast Conservative Surgery for Breast Cancer: Indian Surgeon's Preferences and Factors Influencing Them.

Background: It is well established that disease-free survival and overall survival after breast conservation surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy are equivalent to that after mastectomy. However, in Asian countries, the rate of BCS continues to remain low. The cause may be multifactorial including the patient's choice, availability and accessibility of infrastructure, and surgeon's choice.

Does women's empowerment and their socioeconomic condition affect the uptake of breast cancer screening? Findings from NFHS-5, India.

Background: Screening for breast cancer results in early diagnosis of the disease and improves survival. However, increasing participation of women in screening programs is challenging since it is influenced by socioeconomic and cultural factors. This study explores the relationship of socioeconomic and women empowerment factors with breast cancer screening uptakes in the states and union territories of India.

Patterns of Head and Neck Injuries in Urban India: A Multicenter Study.

Objective: The pattern of head and neck injuries has been well studied in high-income countries, but the data are limited in low- and middle-income countries, which are disproportionately affected by trauma. We examined a prospective multicenter database to describe patterns and outcomes of head and neck injuries in urban India.

Study Design: Retrospective review of trauma registry.

A cohort study of differences in trauma outcomes between females and males at four Indian Urban Trauma Centers.

Background Studies from high income countries suggest improved survival for females as compared to males following trauma. However, data regarding differences in trauma outcomes between females and males is severely lacking from low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to determine the association between sex and clinical outcomes amongst Indian trauma patients using the Australia-India Trauma Systems Collaboration database.

Modified Radical Mastectomy vs Breast-Conserving Surgery: Current Clinical Practice in Women with Early Stage Breast Cancer at a Corporate Tertiary Cancer Center in India.

Unlabelled: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in urban India and surgery has one of the definitive roles in treating this cancer. Over the decades, multiple studies have been published and they have shown that BCS followed by radiotherapy has equivalent disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) as compared with MRM. The surgeon has the main role in explaining the treatment options to the patient.

A pilot multicentre cluster randomised trial to compare the effect of trauma life support training programmes on patient and provider outcomes.

Introduction: Trauma accounts for nearly 10% of the global burden of disease. Several trauma life support programmes aim to improve trauma outcomes. There is no evidence from controlled trials to show the effect of these programmes on patient outcomes.

Retrospective observational study of characteristics of persons with amputations accessing International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) rehabilitation centres in five conflict and postconflict countries.

Objectives: Limb amputation incidence is particularly high in fragile contexts due to conflict, accidents and poorly managed diabetes. The study aim was to analyse (1) demographic and amputation characteristics of persons with any type of acquired amputation (PwA) and (2) time between amputation and first access to rehabilitation in five conflict and postconflict countries.

Design: A retrospective, observational study analysing differences in demographic and clinical factors and time to access rehabilitation between users with traumatic and non-traumatic amputations.

Assessing the Rates and Reasons of Elective Surgical Cancellations on the Day of Surgery: A Multicentre Study from Urban Indian Hospitals.

Background: Cancellations of elective surgeries on the day of surgery (DOS) can lead to added financial burden and wastage of resources for healthcare facilities; as well as social and emotional problems to patients. These cancellations act as barriers to delivering efficient surgical services. Optimal utilisation of the available resources is necessary for resource-constrained low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC).

Predictors of immediate neonatal outcome after cesarean section in Uganda.

Objective: To identify predictors of low Apgar score, immediate neonatal death, and stillbirth after cesarean section in Uganda.

Methods: Records of cesarean sections performed at all 14 regional referral hospitals and also 14 first-level (district) hospitals in Uganda were reviewed. Both elective and emergency cases were included.

Assessment of Site, Degree and Pattern of Airway Obstruction in Patients with Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) Using Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE)and Its Association with Awake Fibreoptic Evaluation and Polysomnography Parameters.

Accurate assessment of site of obstruction in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is key to its effective management, especially the surgical intervention. Currently, Drug induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is widely used to assess the obstruction during sleep as assessing during physiologic sleep is impractical and cumbersome. To assess the site, pattern and degree of airway obstruction in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea using DISE and to find a co-relation of DISE findings with awake fibreoptic assessment and severity of OSA.

Associations of On-arrival Vital Signs with 24-hour In-hospital Mortality in Adult Trauma Patients Admitted to Four Public University Hospitals in Urban India: A Prospective Multi-Centre Cohort Study.

Introduction: In India, more than a million people die annually due to injuries. Identifying the patients at risk of early mortality (within 24 hour of hospital arrival) is essential for triage. A bilateral Government Australia-India Trauma System Collaboration generated a trauma registry in the context of India, which yielded a cohort of trauma patients for systematic observation and interventions.

An Analysis of 30-Day in-Hospital Trauma Mortality in Four Urban University Hospitals Using the Australia India Trauma Registry.

Background: India has one-sixth (16%) of the world's population but more than one-fifth (21%) of the world's injury mortality. A trauma registry established by the Australia India Trauma Systems Collaboration (AITSC) Project was utilized to study 30-day in-hospital trauma mortality at high-volume Indian hospitals.

Methods: The AITSC Project collected data prospectively between April 2016 and March 2018 at four Indian university hospitals in New Delhi, Mumbai, and Ahmedabad.

Users of rehabilitation services in 14 countries and territories affected by conflict, 1988-2018.

Objective: To analyse the demographic and clinical characteristics of people attending physical rehabilitation centres run or supported by the International Committee of the Red Cross in countries and territories affected by conflict.

Methods: Of 150 such rehabilitation centres worldwide, 38 use an electronic patient management system. We invited all 38 centres to participate.

Estimation of the National Surgical Needs in India by Enumerating the Surgical Procedures in an Urban Community Under Universal Health Coverage.

Background: 11% of the global burden of disease requires surgical care or anaesthesia management or both. Some studies have estimated this burden to be as high as 30%. The Lancet Commission for Global Surgery (LCoGS) estimated that 5000 surgeries are required to meet the surgical burden of disease for 100,000 people in LMICs.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Gynecological Oncology Care: Glimpse into Association of Gynecological Oncologists of India (AGOI) Perspective.

Purpose: The notorious COVID 19 pandemic has caused rapid and drastic changes in cancer care worldwide in 2020. This online survey aims to assess the extent to which the pandemic has affected cancer care in gynecological oncology amongst members of the Association of Gynecological Oncologists of India (AGOI), a registered professional society founded in 1991.

Methods: We developed and administered a cross-sectional, flash survey to members of AGOI in the first week of April 2020.

Increasing identification of foot at risk of complications in patients with diabetes: a quality improvement project in an urban primary health centre in India.

The majority of foot amputations are preventable in people with diabetes. Guidelines recommend that people with diabetes should receive a foot examination for risk assessment, at least annually. In an audit at a primary health centre (PHC) in Mumbai, India, no patient with diabetes was offered preventive foot assessment in preceding 12 months.