Soft tissue facial profile in Himachal population: A photogrammetric analysis.

Introduction: Craniofacial growth of the skeleton and soft tissue influences the final configuration of occlusion and overall facial esthetics.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred samples were taken from Himachali ethnic population with age ranging from 18 to 28 years. The records will then be scaled to life size and landmarks will be located on the digitized image to obtain all linear and angular measurements.

Visual outcome and efficacy of conjunctival autograft, harvested from the body of pterygium in pterygium excision.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of conjunctival autograft after the pterygium excision with fibrin adhesive using conjunctiva over the pterygium.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study included 25 eyes of 25 patients with a mean age of 40±10 years, who underwent the pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft derived from the body of the pterygium and attached using fibrin glue. The mean follow-up period was 6 months.

Descemet's Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty versus Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in the Fellow Eye for Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy: A Retrospective Study.

Aim: To evaluate visual outcome and endothelial cell density (ECD) after Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) in comparison with Descemet's Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK) in the fellow eye for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED).

Design: Single-centre, retrospective case series.

Methods: 30 eyes of 30 patients undergoing DMEK, who completed a 1-year follow-up, were compared with 30 fellow eyes which underwent DSAEK for bilateral FED.

Substrate Interaction Networks of the Escherichia coli Chaperones: Trigger Factor, DnaK and GroEL.

In the dense cellular environment, protein misfolding and inter-molecular protein aggregation compete with protein folding. Chaperones associate with proteins to prevent misfolding and to assist in folding to the native state. In Escherichia coli, the chaperones trigger factor, DnaK/DnaJ/GrpE, and GroEL/ES are the major chaperones responsible for insuring proper de novo protein folding.

What is the basis for a genetic approach in neonatal disorders?

Gene-environment interactions likely account for some degree of the variance in response rates that are clinically observed with antenatal corticosteroids, breast milk prophylaxis, surfactant administration, early recognition and treatment of sepsis, utility of non-invasive ventilation, and judicious exposure to supplemental oxygen. While these therapies and practice guidelines have significantly decreased overall neonatal mortality in the NICU, they have not made a marked impact on the frequency and severity of conditions such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis, and periventricular leukomalacia. One possible explanation is that genetic factors in the neonate modulate response to external intervention or preventative agents, culminating in variable levels of injury and different degrees of resolution and repair.

Carcinoma prostate with gastric metastasis: A rare case report.

Prostate carcinoma is the most common malignancy in males and it commonly manifests with bony metastasis in India, but occasionally visceral metastasis to lungs and liver may also be seen. Metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is very rare. In literature, we could find six cases only.

Three-dimensional, three-vector-component velocimetry of cilia-driven fluid flow using correlation-based approaches in optical coherence tomography.

Microscale quantification of cilia-driven fluid flow is an emerging area in medical physiology, including pulmonary and central nervous system physiology. Cilia-driven fluid flow is most completely described by a three-dimensional, three-component (3D3C) vector field. Here, we generate 3D3C velocimetry measurements by synthesizing higher dimensional data from lower dimensional measurements obtained using two separate optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based approaches: digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV) and dynamic light scattering (DLS)-OCT.

Molecular and Phylogenetic analysis revealed new genotypes of Theileria annulata parasites from India.

Background: Tick borne diseases impinge cattle worldwide causing mortality and resulting in huge economic losses. Theileriosis is one of the important tick borne diseases mainly caused by Theileria annulata and one of the commonly occurring infections among the livestock. T.

An Analysis of MIF Structural Features that Control Functional Activation of CD74.

For more than 15 years, the tautomerase active site of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and its catalytic residue Pro1 have been being targeted for the development of therapeutics that block activation of its cell surface receptor, CD74. Neither the biological role of the MIF catalytic site nor the mechanistic details of CD74 activation are well understood. The inherently unstable structure of CD74 remains the biggest obstacle in structural studies with MIF for understanding the basis of CD74 activation.

Emergence of new genotype and diversity of Theileria orientalis parasites from bovines in India.

Bovine theileriosis is a serious threat to livestock worldwide. Uncertainty around species prevalence, antigenic diversity and genotypes of strains make it difficult to assess the impact of this parasite and to provide necessary treatment. We aimed to characterize genotypic diversity, phylogeny and prevalence of Theileria orientalis parasites from the states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India by collecting bovine blood samples from the major districts of the two states.

Quantifying hyperoxia-mediated damage to mammalian respiratory cilia-driven fluid flow using particle tracking velocimetry optical coherence tomography.

Oxygen supplementation [hyperoxia, increased fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 )] is an indispensable treatment in the intensive care unit for patients in respiratory failure. Like other treatments or drugs, hyperoxia has a risk-benefit profile that guides its clinical use. While hyperoxia is known to damage respiratory epithelium, it is unknown if damage can result in impaired capacity to generate cilia-driven fluid flow.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Staphylococcus aureus Strain Isolated from a Cow with Clinical Mastitis.

We report here the draft genome of Staphylococcus aureus causing clinical mastitis in a cow from India. It is a major causative agent of mastitis and, further, livestock-associated strains are emerging as a potential threat to public health, thereby warranting studies to understand the genome of this deadly pathogen.

Simultaneous Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty and posterior iris-claw-fixated intra ocular lens implantation (IOL) in management of aphakic bullous keratopathy.

To evaluate the efficacy of combined procedure of Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and posterior iris-claw-fixated intra ocular lens (IOL) implantation in the management of aphakic bullous keratopathy (ABK). Sankara eye centre, a tertiary eye care centre. A prospective case series analysis.

Corneal Hydrops in Pellucid Marginal Degeneration: A Case Series.

Purpose: To report an unusual presentation of pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) and its management by using air injection and tension sutures.

Case Report: We report 2 cases with a history of acute pain and loss of vision. Examination revealed hydrops at the 6-9 o'clock meridian with Descemet's membrane detachment and tear at the same area and advanced PMD in the other eye.

Recurrent hypoinsulinemic hyperglycemia in neonatal rats increases PARP-1 and NF-κB expression and leads to microglial activation in the cerebral cortex.

Background: Hyperglycemia is a common metabolic problem in extremely low-birth-weight preterm infants. Neonatal hyperglycemia is associated with increased mortality and brain injury. Glucose-mediated oxidative injury may be responsible.

Corrigendum: The Human Neonatal Gut Microbiome: A Brief Review.

[This corrects the article on p. 17 in vol. 3, PMID: 25798435.

The Role of Surfactant Therapy in Nonrespiratory Distress Syndrome Conditions in Neonates.

While treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) with surfactant in premature neonates is well established, evidence for its use in non-RDS conditions, especially in the term neonate, has been less abundant. The last published review on a PubMed search was in 2001. In this review, we comprehensively and critically evaluated the evidence from the literature regarding the use of surfactant in specific non-RDS disorders in neonates.

Gallbladder perforation: a single center experience of 32 cases.

Backgrounds/aims: Gallbladder perforation is a rare but potentially fatal disease. We herein present our clinical experience in diagnosis and management of 32 cases of gallbladder perforation.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted with inclusion of all cases of gallbladder perforation that presented to our hospital from January 2012 to November 2014.

Bilateral Mooren's ulcer - Customised corneal graft with additional amniotic membrane graft.

Mooren's ulcer (MU) is a rare and painful peripheral corneal ulceration which occurs in the absence of any associated scleritis, and any detectable systemic disease. A 60-year-old male patient was referred to us with bilateral peripheral corneal ulceration. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in both eyes was counting finger at one metre.

Comparison of non-synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure as post-extubation respiratory support in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether post-extubation respiratory support via nsNIPPV decreases the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) compared to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: In this randomized, controlled, open, prospective, single-center clinical trial, we randomly assigned preterm ventilated infants with RDS to either nsNIPPV or NCPAP after extubation. The primary outcome, extubation failure, was defined by pre-specified failure criteria in the 72 hours after extubation.

Biomarkers in neonatology: the new "omics" of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex disorder resulting from gene-environmental interactions. An improved understanding of the pathogenesis of this most common chronic lung disease in infants has been made by utilizing animal models and correlating with human data. Currently, while some (vitamin A, caffeine) pharmacotherapeutic options are being utilized to ameliorate this condition, there is still no specific or effective treatment for BPD.

Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor is markedly elevated in childhood hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome involving a final common pathway of hypercytokinemia, in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, and soluble interleukin 2-receptor-alpha (sIL-2Rα) are the key cytokines. Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor (PBEF) is an inflammatory cytokine involved in several inflammatory diseases. However, its role in HLH is unknown.

Stem Cell Therapy in Neonatal Diseases.

Common complications in neonates occur in almost every organ system in the neonatal intensive care unit. While a number of them have short-term effects, a few of them also have long-term consequences. Among the latter are bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis in premature neonates, and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in borderline preterm and term neonates.