Socio-economic factors associated with cancer stigma among apparently healthy women in two selected municipalities Nepal.

Introduction: Cancer is the primary cause of death globally, and despite the significant advancements in treatment and survival rates, it is still stigmatized in many parts of the world. However, there is limited public health research on cancer stigma among the general female population in Nepal. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of cancer stigma and its associated factors in this group.

Does Physician-Hospital Vertical Integration Affect Hospital Output?

Background: Physician-hospital vertical integration is gaining steam but it is unclear how they affect hospital output.

Objective: To examine the direct impact of vertical integration on hospital output.

Design: A pooled design with 6-year data using linear regressions was used.

The implications of removing race from interpretation of pulmonary function among persons with or without HIV.

Background: Studies suggest that the use of race-specific pulmonary function reference equations may obscure racial inequities in respiratory health. Whether removing race from the interpretation of pulmonary function would influence analyses of HIV and pulmonary function is unknown.

Setting: Pulmonary function measurements from 1,067 men (591 with HIV) in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) and 1,661 women (1,175 with HIV) in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) were analyzed.

Real-World Outcomes of Selective Inhibitor Selpercatinib in the United States: Descriptive, Retrospective Findings from Two Databases.

Objectives: This study described real-world patient characteristics and outcomes among selpercatinib-treated patients in the United States, using the Flatiron Health electronic health record-derived deidentified database (FHD) for advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (a/mNSCLC) and Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (CDM).

Methods: Patients initiating selpercatinib treatment between 08MAY2020 and 30JUN2023 were included. We evaluated real-world time to selpercatinib treatment discontinuation or death (rwTTDd) and time to next treatment or death (rwTTNTd) using Kaplan-Meier analyses.

Rathke's cleft cyst apoplexy presented as pituitary apoplexy: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) are non-malignant lesions arising from remnants of Rathke's pouch in the pituitary gland. Apoplexy is seen commonly in pituitary macroadenomas but very rarely in RCCs.

Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male presented with a severe headache and vomiting.

Comparative investigation of fillers loading effect on morphological, micromechanical, and thermal properties of polyvinyl alcohol/cellulosicfillers-based composites.

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based biocomposites were fabricated by the incorporation of chitosan (Ch), cellulose fibers (CS), and their mixture (1:1 ratio). Fillers with various loading (2, 4, 8, and 10 wt.-%) were incorporated into PVA employing the solution casting method.

Factors Associated with Urinary Tract Infection among Children Aged Less than 5 Years Visiting Department of Pediatrics of Dhulikhel Hospital.

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) constitutes a significant cause of morbidity, especially among children under five years old. Early diagnosis and management are essential to minimize acute morbidity and prevent the long-term complications associated with urinary tract infections. Objective To identify factors associated with urinary tract infections among children under five years old.

Epidemiology of overweight in under-five children in India: insights from National Family Health Survey.

Childhood overweight is not only an immediate health concern due to its implications but also significantly increases the risk of persistent obesity and consequently CVD in the future, posing a serious threat to public health. The objective of this study was to examine the trends and associated factors of childhood overweight in India, using nationally representative data from three rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS). For the primary analysis, we used data from 199 375 children aged 0-59 months from fifth round of the NFHS (NFHS-5).

Developing a Theory-Based Instrument for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake in People of Color Using a Qualitative Approach.

There is a large disparity in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among communities of color compared to White Americans. There is also a lack of theory-based survey instruments to measure the underlying reasons for the disparity among communities of color. The purpose of this study was to create an instrument based on a qualitative approach involving community interviews.

Dietary plants for oral cancer prevention and therapy: A review of preclinical and clinical studies.

Oral cancer is a disease with high mortality and rising incidence worldwide. Although fragmentary literature on the anti-oral cancer effects of plant products has been published, a comprehensive analysis is lacking. In this work, a critical and comprehensive evaluation of oral cancer preventative or therapeutic effects of dietary plants was conducted.

Technology in farming: Unleashing farmers' behavioral intention for the adoption of agriculture 5.0.

The agriculture sector has undergone a remarkable revolution known as Agriculture 5.0 (Ag 5.0), emphasizing digital technology to boost efficiency and profitability of farm business.

Deforestation amplifies climate change effects on warming and cloud level rise in African montane forests.

Tropical montane forest ecosystems are pivotal for sustaining biodiversity and essential terrestrial ecosystem services, including the provision of high-quality fresh water. Nonetheless, the impact of montane deforestation and climate change on the capacity of forests to deliver ecosystem services is yet to be fully understood. In this study, we offer observational evidence demonstrating the response of air temperature and cloud base height to deforestation in African montane forests over the last two decades.

Increasing Emotional Distress and Use of Health Services among Hospitality Industry Workers During and After the COVID-19 Lockdown.

Objective: To examine the emotional distress situation among hospitality industry workers and their access to and use of health care including telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A survey was administered on the Qualtrics platform both in English and Spanish from November 18, 2020, to November 30, 2020, through the Culinary Workers Union in Nevada. A total of 1182 union members participated in the survey, of whom 892 completed the survey.

A(H2N2) and A(H3N2) influenza pandemics elicited durable cross-reactive and protective antibodies against avian N2 neuraminidases.

Human cases of avian influenza virus (AIV) infections are associated with an age-specific disease burden. As the influenza virus N2 neuraminidase (NA) gene was introduced from avian sources during the 1957 pandemic, we investigate the reactivity of N2 antibodies against A(H9N2) AIVs. Serosurvey of healthy individuals reveal the highest rates of AIV N2 antibodies in individuals aged ≥65 years.

Thermodynamic, kinetic, and equilibrium studies of Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ion biosorption onto treated Ageratum conyzoid biomass.

The issue of environmental contamination, particularly caused by the existence of heavy metal particles, is a major and widely recognized subject that receives substantial global attention. The remediation of Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II) ionic metal particles from synthetic wastewater using chemically treated plant leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (TAC) as a biosorbent was investigated. The biosorption process was implemented utilizing a batch system, wherein several operational parameters were considered, including temperature, pH, agitation time, biosorbent dosage, and initial concentration of the metal ion.

Prevalence of Wasting and its Associated Factors among Children Under 5 Years of Age in India: Findings from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey.

Background: The burden of wasting among under five children in India, has not reduced in the last decade.

Objectives: We used child-level data from the latest nationally representative Comprehensive National Nutritional Survey (CNNS) to estimate the prevalence of wasting at the national and state level in India.

Methods: We explored the association of wasting with maternal, child and household factors using multivariable logistic regression for the age group of 0-5, 6-23 and 24-59 months.

Mutations in tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 suppress top-2 induced chromosome segregation defects during Caenorhabditis elegans spermatogenesis.

Meiosis reduces ploidy through two rounds of chromosome segregation preceded by one round of DNA replication. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes segregate, while in meiosis II, sister chromatids separate from each other. Topoisomerase II (Topo II) is a conserved enzyme that alters DNA structure by introducing transient double-strand breaks.

Rare case of combined vascular malformation of the face: a successful surgical management.

Combined vascular malformation affecting the facial region is an extremely rare clinical entity that is debilitating both functionally and emotionally. Treatment warrants a multidisciplinary approach with the aim of removing the vascular anomalies and ameliorating any functional facial disfigurement. Here, we present a case of a 40-year-old female with combined vascular malformation of the face who was treated successfully with surgical intervention accompanying significant resolution of facial disfigurement.

Multispectral analysis-ready satellite data for three East African mountain ecosystems.

The East African mountain ecosystems are facing increasing threats due to global change, putting their unique socio-ecological systems at risk. To monitor and understand these changes, researchers and stakeholders require accessible analysis-ready remote sensing data. Although satellite data is available for many applications, it often lacks accurate geometric orientation and has extensive cloud cover.

Effects of a dietary intervention on cardiometabolic risk and food consumption in a workplace.

Background: Worksite-based health programs have shown positive impacts on employee health and have led to significant improvements in cardiovascular risk factor profiles. We aimed to determine the effect of cafeteria intervention on cardio-metabolic risk factors diet in a worksite setting (Dhulikhel Hospital) in Nepal.

Methods: In this one-arm pre-post intervention study, we recruited 277 non-pregnant hospital employees aged 18-60 with prediabetes or pre-hypertension.