A naphthalimide based chemosensor for Zn2+, pyrophosphate and H2O2: sequential logic operations at the molecular level.

A naphthalimide based fluorescent probe has been synthesized which shows ratiometric fluorescence response towards Zn(2+) ions and the in situ prepared -Zn(2+) complex was used for the detection of pyrophosphate and hydrogen peroxide which mimics the functions of sequential logic circuits at the molecular level.

Popliteal pseudoaneurysm caused by Nora's lesion of the femur in a young child: a rare presentation and first report.

Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP), or Nora's lesion, was first described by Nora et al. in 1983 as a rare, tumor-like lesion involving the bones of the hands and feet. Popliteal artery pseudoaneursyms in the pediatric population are also unusual.

Complete urethrovesical disruption following obstructed labor.

A 22-years-old lady presented with obstructed labor with a probable preoperative diagnosis of bladder/urethral injury. When a laparotomy was performed there was a complete urethral disruption at the vesicourethral junction with a big anterior forniceal tear in the vagina with intact uterus and cervix. The fetus had pushed itself through the upper vagina and bladder neck into the extraperitoneal space leading to complete urethrovesical disruption as a result of prolonged pressure on the vesicourethral junction against pubic symphysis for which an end to end anastomosis was performed.

A charge transfer amplified fluorescent Hg2+ complex for detection of picric acid and construction of logic functions.

A chemosensor 3 based on the N,N-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde has been synthesized which shows fluorescence turn-on response with Hg(2+) ions, and the in situ prepared 3-Hg(2+) complex has been used for detection of picric acid via electrostatic interaction and construction of a combinatorial logic circuit with NOR and INHIBIT logic functions.

Pentaquinone based probe for nanomolar detection of zinc ions: chemosensing ensemble as an antioxidant.

A pentaquinone based compound 3a has been synthesized which undergoes significant fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Zn(2+) ions with a detection limit up to nanomolar range in THF. Further, the zinc ensemble of 3a is evaluated for its anti-oxidizing property which is better than commercially available antioxidants.

Triphenylene derivatives: chemosensors for sensitive detection of nitroaromatic explosives.

New triphenylene derivatives 3 and 5, synthesized using a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling protocol and by a click reaction respectively, serve as potent chemosensors for various electron deficient nitroaromatic explosives, such as picric acid, trinitrotoluene, dinitrotoluene and dinitrobenzene. Derivative 5 exhibits a more sensitive response towards the nitroaromatics compared to derivative 3 due to its ordered organization. Furthermore, the solution coated strips of derivative 3 and gel coated strips of derivative 5 can detect picric acid in the range of 14 pg cm(-2), thus providing a simple and low cost method for the detection of picric acid in aqueous solution and in a contact mode.

Thiacalix[4]crown based optical chemosensor for Fe3+, Li+ and cysteine: a Fe3+/Li+ ion synchronized allosteric regulation.

A heteroditopic chemosensor 2 based on a thiacalix[4]crown with a 1,3-alternate conformation has been synthesized and shows a selective fluorescence turn-off response with Fe(3+) ions in mixed aqueous media. Furthermore, the 2-Fe(3+) complex can be used as a chemosensing system for the detection of Li(+) and cysteine based on two different approaches. Moreover, the sequence addition of Fe(3+) and Li(+) triggers an Fe(3+)/Li(+) switchable on-off-on fluorescence chemosensor with negative allosteric regulations.

Selective sensing of mercury(II) using PVC-based membranes incorporating recently synthesized 1,3-alternate thiacalix[4]crown ionophore.

The construction and electrodes characteristics of poly(vinylchloride) (PVC)-based polymeric membrane electrode (PME) and coated graphite electrode (CGE), incorporating 1,3-alternate thiacalix[4]crown as ionophore for estimation of Hg(II) ions, are reported here. The best potential response was observed for PME-1 having membrane composition of: ionophore (6.2 mg), PVC (100.

Nanoaggregates of a pentacenequinone derivative as reactors for the preparation of palladium nanoparticles.

Fluorescent nanoaggregates of pentacenequinone derivative serve as reactors for the preparation of palladium nanoparticles in aqueous medium. Further, the combination of catalytic quantities of palladium nanoparticles with NaBH(4) smoothly reduces 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol in aqueous medium.

Low-level lead exposure and the prevalence of gout: an observational study.

Background: Blood lead levels (BLLs) less than 1.21 µmol/L (<25 µg/dL) among adults are considered acceptable by current national standards. Lead toxicity can lead to gouty arthritis (gout), but whether the low lead exposure in the contemporary general population confers risk for gout is not known.

Triphenylene based copper ensemble for the detection of cyanide ions.

The binding behavior of triphenylene based copper ensemble prepared in situ has been investigated toward various anions (F(-), Cl(-), Br(-), I(-), CH(3)COO(-), H(2)PO(4)(-), NO(3)(-), OH(-), ClO(4)(-), CN(-), CO(3)(-) and SO(4)(-)) by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Among various anions tested, 1-Cu(2+) ensemble shows selective and sensitive response towards cyanide ions and responds to CN(-) ions even in the presence of bovine serum albumin and in blood serum milieu. Further, as practical application of compound 1, we utilized the TLC strips coated with THF solution of 1 for the solid state detection of copper and cyanide ions.

Bio-functionalized graphene-graphene oxide nanocomposite based electrochemical immunosensing.

We report a novel in-situ electrochemical synthesis approach for the formation of functionalized graphene-graphene oxide (fG-GO) nanocomposite on screen-printed electrodes (SPE). Electrochemically controlled nanocomposite film formation was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Further insight into the nanocomposite has been accomplished by the Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy.

Ratiometric nanomolar detection of Cu2+ ions in mixed aqueous media: a Cu2+/Li+ ions switchable allosteric system based on thiacalix[4]crown.

A novel ditopic fluorescent chemosensor 2, based on the 1,3-alternate conformation of thiacalix[4]crown possessing two complexation sites, was synthesized and shows ratiometric nanomolar detection of Cu(2+) ions and exhibits negative allosteric behaviour between Cu(2+)/Li(+) ions in mixed aqueous media.

Terphenyl-phenanthroline conjugate as a Zn2+ sensor: H2PO4(-) induced tuning of emission wavelength.

A new terphenyl-based macrocycle 5 incorporating phenanthroline as a fluorophore has been designed, synthesized and examined for its recognition ability toward various cations (Pb(2+), Hg(2+), Ba(2+), Cd(2+), Ag(+), Zn(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(2+), Co(2+), K(+), Mg(2+), Na(+) and Li(+)) by UV-vis, fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy. The receptor 5 showed highly selective 'Off-On' fluorescence signaling behavior for Zn(2+) ions in THF. Interestingly, the addition of H(2)PO(4)(-) ions to the [5-Zn] complex regulates the binding site for additional Zn(2+) ions and hence leads to a blue-shifted emission band.

Vapor-phase detection of trinitrotoluene by AIEE-active hetero-oligophenylene-based carbazole derivatives.

New AIEE-active hetero-oligophenylene carbazole derivatives 3 and 4 have been synthesized and serve as fluorescent probes for the selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in the vapor phase, the solid phase, and aqueous media. In addition, paper strips prepared by dip-coating a solution of aggregates of derivatives 3 and 4 can provide a simple, portable, sensitive, selective, low-cost method for the detection of TNT on the picogram level.

Fluorescent nanoaggregates of pentacenequinone derivative for selective sensing of picric acid in aqueous media.

Novel pentacenequinone derivative 3 has been synthesized using the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling protocol which forms fluorescent nanoaggregates in aqueous media due to its aggregation-induced emission enhancement attributes and selectively senses picric acid with a detection limit of 500 ppb.

Predicting readmissions: poor performance of the LACE index in an older UK population.

Introduction: interventions to prevent hospital readmission depend on the identification of patients at risk. The LACE index predicts readmission (and death) and is in clinical use internationally. The LACE index was investigated in an older UK population.

Fluoride triggered fluorescence "turn on" sensor for Zn2+ ions based on pentaquinone scaffold that works as a molecular keypad lock.

A pentaquinone based compound 3a has been synthesized which exhibits pronounced fluorescence enhancement in the presence of Zn(2+) ions under a F(-) triggered synergistic effect. Derivative 3a also behaves as a molecular keypad lock with sequential chemical inputs of Zn(2+) and F(-) ions.

A charge transfer assisted fluorescent probe for selective detection of hydrogen peroxide among different reactive oxygen species.

A charge transfer assisted fluorescent probe is synthesized which undergoes a change in fluorescence emission at two different wavelengths in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.

Rapid extraction and quantitative detection of the herbicide diuron in surface water by a hapten-functionalized carbon nanotubes based electrochemical analyzer.

A solid phase extraction micro-cartridge containing a non-polar polystyrene absorbent matrix was coupled with an electrochemical immunoassay analyzer (EIA) and used for the ultra-sensitive detection of the phenyl urea herbicide diuron in real samples. The EIA was fabricated by using carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) functionalized with a hapten molecule (an amine functionalized diuron derivative). Screen printed electrodes (SPE) were modified with these haptenized CNTs and specific in-house generated anti diuron antibodies were used for bio-interface development.

A triphenylene based zinc ensemble as an oxidation inhibitor.

The zinc complex of a new triphenylene based receptor is evaluated for its anti-oxidant activity which is better in comparison to that of commercially available anti-oxidants.

Effect of lumbar drain placement on recurrence of cerebrospinal rhinorrhea after endoscopic repair.

Background: Lumbar drain (LD) use in the management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea remains controversial. We analyzed the relationship between LD placement and CSF leak recurrence after endoscopic repair.

Methods: A retrospective case series was conducted.

Hetero-oligophenylene-based AIEE material as a multiple probe for biomolecules and metal ions to construct logic circuits: application in bioelectronics and chemionics.

New hetero-oligophenylene derivative (2) was synthesized which exhibits aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in H(2)O/THF (80:20). The aggregates serve as a biological probe for three different proteins, that is bovine serum albumin (BSA), cytochrome c, and lysozyme, and DNA in contrasting modes. Further, among 29 metal ions tested, the contrasting fluorescence behavior of aggregates of 2 is observed with only Pb(2+) and Pd(2+) ions.