Rapid detection of carbapenem resistance among gram-negative organisms directly from positive blood culture bottles.

Background: Carbapenemase producing gram-negative bacteria (GNB) has become a huge problem in majority of tertiary care centers worldwide. They are associated with very high morbidity and mortality rates, especially when they cause invasive infections. Therefore, rapid detection of these organisms is very important for prompt and adequate antibiotic therapy as well as infection control.

Risk factors of osteoporosis in soldiers of the Armed Forces: A cross-sectional study from Western India.

Background: Osteoporosis may result from risk factors such as smoking, alcohol, low body mass index, less physical exercise, and dietary calcium deficiency. The risk of osteoporosis fractures can be reduced with lifestyle changes, which include diet, exercise, and preventing falls. The present study is an effort to measure the burden of risk factors of osteoporosis in adult male soldiers in the Armed Forces.

Galaxy ASIST: A web-based platform for mapping and assessment of global standards of antimicrobial susceptibility: A case study in genomes.

Introduction: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is used to determine the susceptibility of an organism to antibiotics. The determination of susceptibility is based on MIC breakpoints and is provided by EUCAST and CLSI. Likewise, phenotypic classification criteria developed by CDC/ECDC are used for the classification of pathogens into susceptible, multidrug-resistant, extremely drug-resistant, or totally drug-resistant categories.

Detection of dengue virus serotypes by single-tube multiplex RT-PCR and multiplex real-time PCR assay.

Background: All four dengue serotypes cause infection, with one of them predominantly reported from a particular geographical region. Coinfection by more than one serotype is reported from hyperendemic regions. These coinfections are clinically more severe than infection with a single serotype.

Factors Associated with Re-Resection in T1 Bladder Cancer: Identifying Patients Who Do Not Receive Guideline-Concordant Care at the Population Level.

Purpose: Prior research has shown that concordance with the guideline-endorsed recommendation to re-resect patients diagnosed with primary T1 bladder cancer (BC) is suboptimal. Therefore, the aim of this population-based study was to identify factors associated with re-resection in T1 BC.

Materials And Methods: We linked province-wide BC pathology reports (January 2001 to December 2015) with health administrative data sources to derive an incident cohort of patients diagnosed with T1 BC in the province of Ontario, Canada.

Remote risk-stratification of dyspnoea in acute respiratory disorders: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Telephone and video-based triage of dyspnoea has become commonplace and clinicians are faced with a new challenge in risk stratification of patients with dyspnoea due to suspected COVID-19. This review aimed to identify existing remote assessment modalities for acute dyspnoea which can be applied during pandemics.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and medRxiv for studies of remote assessment of dyspnoea [PROSPERO ID: CRD42020202292].

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19 and Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Much of routine cancer care has been disrupted due to the perceived susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients. Here, we systematically review the current evidence base pertaining to the prevalence, presentation and outcome of COVID-19 in cancer patients, in order to inform policy and practice going forwards. A keyword-structured systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase and MedRxiv databases for studies reporting primary data on COVID-19 in cancer patients.

A framework for student-led education conferences.

Attendance at conferences as part of undergraduate studies is key in health professional education for exploring speciality interests, sharing research, exchanging expertise and passing on knowledge. In addition, conferences offer valuable opportunities to present work and the potential to win prizes and network with others in the field. This article provides insight and guidance into how student-led and designed health science and education conferences can be implemented more effectively.

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: Incidental finding - should we Ignore?

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare entity, presenting mostly as an incidental finding. This disease has an autosomal recessive inheritance with inactivating mutations in the gene "solute carrier family 34 member 2". The present study was conducted to bring attention to this rare though preventable disease.

Efficacy and Safety of Canagliflozin 300 mg in Overweight and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Real-world Setting: COLOR Study.

Background And Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin (CANA, 300 mg/d) in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In a single centre, retrospective, observational study, we included overweight or obese patients with T2DM who had HbA1c >7% and received CANA as addition to existing therapy for at least 24 weeks. Primary endpoint assessed was changes in HbA1c, fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose (FPG and PPG), and secondary endpoints included changes in weight, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) over 12 and 24 weeks.

Keeping in pace with the new Biomedical Waste Management Rules: What we need to know!

Biomedical Waste Management Rules were first implemented in our country on 20th July 1998. Thereafter, the rules have undergone periodic updates and amendments in the years 2003 and 2011. Latest Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016, and (Amendment) Rules, 2018, were an update and simplification of BMW disposal as compared with the previous version, keeping in pace with the changes in the requirements of the health-care setup.

Fasting-Evoked En Route Hypoglycemia in Diabetes (FEEHD): An Overlooked Form of Hypoglycemia in Clinical Practice.

Objective: Many patients with diabetes opt to fast for lab tests, especially for lipid profiles, thus missing breakfast. In parallel, recent studies and international guidelines have indicated that routine fasting for lipid panels may not be necessary. Missing breakfast while fasting for lab tests may invoke hypoglycemia, if patients are not properly instructed about adjusting diabetes medications on the night before or on the day of the lab test.

Device-associated Central Nervous System Infection Caused by Candida parapsilosis.

Meningitis is a common and life-threatening infection of the central nervous system (CNS) in infants with long-term and disabling sequelae like hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is treated by diverting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) either to another body cavity (via CSF shunt) or externally (via CSF drain) which are prone to infection. Though rare, () is a known pathogen in device-associated CNS infections and has been reported in both, infants and adults.

Methods of phenotypic identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are composed of mycobacterial species other than the complex. Initially thought to be mere contaminants when isolated from clinical specimens, literature is increasing by the day showing NTM as proven pathogens. Due to the difference in antimicrobial susceptibility of different species, it becomes imperative for the microbiology laboratory to identify them to the species level.

Effectiveness of iron-fortified infant cereals on hemoglobin levels of children aged 12-24 months: A cross-sectional study from New Delhi, India.

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia represents 3rd largest disease burden, with an estimated 6.9 billion disability-adjusted life years. Iron-fortified cereals (IFIC) can contribute substantially in preventing iron deficiency anemia and maintaining an adequate body iron status.

Analysis of Long Term Study Indicates Both Agronomic Optimal Plant Density and Increase Maize Yield per Plant Contributed to Yield Gain.

Concurrent to yield, maize (Zea Mays L.) plant density has significantly increased over the years. Unlike yield, however, the rate of change in plant density and its contribution to maize yield gain are rarely reported.

The Effect of Cash Transfers and Household Vulnerability on Food Security in Zimbabwe.

We study the impact of the Zimbabwe Harmonized Social Cash Transfer (HSCT) on household food security after 12 months of implementation. We investigate determinants of food security as measured by a well-known food security scale - the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) - and as measured by value of household food consumption composed of own-production, market purchases and gifts received. We find that several dimensions of household vulnerability correlate more strongly with the food security measure than with food consumption.

Reliability of intra-oral camera using teledentistry in screening of oral diseases - Pilot study.

Objective: Reliability of intra-oral camera using teledentistry in screening of oral diseases.

Methodology: A trained and calibrated examiner used intra-oral camera to capture videos of oral cavity along with clinical examination to evaluate caries, plaque, calculus, tooth wear and fluorosis, stains in children.

Results: The mean DT and DMFT were significantly higher with use of intra-oral camera than with clinical examination ( = 0.

Antileishmanial and immunomodulatory potential of Linn. and Linn. in murine visceral leishmaniasis.

The role of immunomodulation in the therapeutic treatment of visceral leishmaniasis has gained eminence in view of moderate to severe drawbacks of the currently available drugs like toxicity, drug resistance and prohibitive costs. The potential for modulation of the immune system of many herbal plants can be tapped to address these problems. We conducted the present research study to investigate the antileishmanial and immunomodulatory effects of Linn.