Integrative Metabolomics and Proteomics Allow the Global Intracellular Characterization of Cells and Spores.

Reliable and comprehensive multi-omics analysis is essential for researchers to understand and explore complex biological systems more completely. is a model organism for Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria, and in-depth insight into the physiology and molecular basis of spore formation and germination in this organism requires advanced multilayer molecular data sets generated from the same sample. In this study, we evaluated two monophasic methods for polar and nonpolar compound extraction (acetonitrile/methanol/water; isopropanol/water, and 60% ethanol) and two biphasic methods (chloroform/methanol/water, and methyl tert-butyl ether/methanol/water) on coefficients of variation of analytes, identified metabolite composition, and the quality of proteomics profiles.

Time-Resolved Proteomics of Germinating Spores of .

is a spore-forming human pathogen that is a burden to the food chain. Dormant spores are highly resistant to harsh environmental conditions, but lose resistance after germination. In this study, we investigate the spore proteome upon spore germination and outgrowth so as to obtain new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved.

Changes in the Spore Proteome of in Response to Introduction of Plasmids.

Fluorescent fusion proteins were expressed in to visualize the germinosome by introducing a plasmid that carries fluorescent fusion proteins of germinant receptor GerR subunits or germinosome scaffold protein GerD. The effects of plasmid insertion and recombinant protein expression on the spore proteome were investigated. Proteomic analysis showed that overexpression of the target proteins had negligible effects on the spore proteome.

The Membrane Proteome of Spores and Vegetative Cells of the Food-Borne Pathogen .

Membrane proteins are fascinating since they play an important role in diverse cellular functions and constitute many drug targets. Membrane proteins are challenging to analyze. The spore, the most resistant form of known life, harbors a compressed inner membrane.

High Resolution Analysis of Proteome Dynamics during Sporulation.

vegetative cells switch to sporulation upon nutrient limitation. To investigate the proteome dynamics during sporulation, high-resolution time-lapse proteomics was performed in a cell population that was induced to sporulate synchronously. Here, we are the first to comprehensively investigate the changeover of sporulation regulatory proteins, coat proteins, and other proteins involved in sporulation and spore biogenesis.

Artificial Sporulation Induction (ASI) by Overexpression Affects the Proteomes and Properties of Spores.

To facilitate more accurate spore proteomic analysis, the current study focuses on inducing homogeneous sporulation by overexpressing and assesses the effect of synchronized sporulation initiation on spore resistance, structures, the germination behavior at single-spore level and the proteome. The results indicate that, in our set up, the sporulation by overexpressing can generate a spore yield of 70% within 8 h. The procedure increases spore wet heat resistance and thickness of the spore coat and cortex layers, whilst delaying the time to spore phase-darkening and burst after addition of germinant.

"One-Pot" Sample Processing Method for Proteome-Wide Analysis of Microbial Cells and Spores.

Purpose: Bacterial endospores, the transmissible forms of pathogenic bacilli and clostridia, are heterogeneous multilayered structures composed of proteins. These proteins protect the spores against a variety of stresses, thus helping spore survival, and assist in germination, by interacting with the environment to form vegetative cells. Owing to the complexity, insolubility, and dynamic nature of spore proteins, it has been difficult to obtain their comprehensive protein profiles.

The Influence of Sporulation Conditions on the Spore Coat Protein Composition of Spores.

Spores are of high interest to the food and health sectors because of their extreme resistance to harsh conditions, especially against heat. Earlier research has shown that spores prepared on solid agar plates have a higher heat resistance than those prepared under a liquid medium condition. It has also been shown that the more mature a spore is, the higher is its heat resistance most likely mediated, at least in part, by the progressive cross-linking of coat proteins.