Cost-effectiveness of FRAX®-based intervention thresholds for management of osteoporosis in Indian women: a Markov microsimulation model analysis.

Unlabelled: A cost-effectiveness analysis of FRAX® intervention thresholds (ITs) in Indian women over 50 years indicated that generic alendronate was cost-effective for age-dependent major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) ITs and hip fracture (HF) ITs starting at ages 60 and 65 years for full and real-world adherence, respectively. Alendronate was cost-effective at fixed MOF IT of 14% and HF IT of 3.5%, regardless of age.

Multi-scale inferomedial femoral neck bone quality in type 2 diabetes patients with fragility fracture.

Both trabecular and cortical bone undergo changes at multiple scales. We previously demonstrated the multi-scale changes in trabecular bone quality that contribute to bone fragility in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The link between increased fragility in T2D and multi-scale changes in cortical bone and their interaction with glycation remains unclear.

Malignant thyroid neoplasm with ectopic Cushing's syndrome.

An adult man in his 30s with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented with a 33 lb weight gain, generalised swelling and classic Cushingoid features, including proximal muscle weakness, easy bruisability, wide violaceous striae and a painless, progressively enlarging right-sided neck swelling over the past month. Physical examination revealed a 4×4 cm thyroid mass, facial plethora and dorsocervical fat pads. Laboratory investigations confirmed hypercortisolism with elevated cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH), with non-suppression on dexamethasone suppression tests.

Association between bone microarchitecture and sarcopenia in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Unlabelled: Bone microarchitecture, as assessed using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, is adversely affected in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus having sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity while areal bone mineral density does not differ between those with and without sarcopenia.

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases the risk of sarcopenia, which independently contributes to bone fragility. We aimed to explore the association between sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity and bone quality using second-generation high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in T2D.

mRNA expression of vitamin D receptor, calcium-sensing receptor, cyclin D1, and PTH in symptomatic and asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background And Objective: The exact underlying mechanism for the differential clinical profiles of symptomatic and asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients has not been fully elucidated, and efforts to define the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic heterogeneity of PHPT have been limited. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of symptomatic and asymptomatic sporadic PHPT in Asian Indians.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Randomized controlled trial of pre-transplant zoledronate versus observation for prevention of bone loss in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Background: Approximately half of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients experience significant bone loss in the early post-HCT period. Only recently have international guidelines started recommending early screening. However, the guidance for intervention remains conservative.

Small Donors, Big Impact: Optimizing Organ Utilization in Simultaneous Pancreas and Kidney Transplantation From Extra Small Pediatric Donors.

Introduction: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) is the preferred treatment for individuals with type-1 diabetes and end-stage renal disease. However, a limited supply of "Ideal Pancreas Donors" contributed to a growing disparity between available organs and recipients. Even though SPK outcomes from pediatric donors match those from adult donors, unclear guidelines on minimum age and weight criteria for extra small pediatric pancreas donors lead to hesitancy among several transplant centers to utilize these grafts due to concerns about inadequate islet mass, technical challenges, and increased risk of allograft thrombosis.

Trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomographic imaging in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Context: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of fragility fracture despite normal areal bone mineral density (BMD). The contribution of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PN) to volumetric BMD (vBMD) and bone microarchitecture in T2D is not explored.

Objective: To assess vBMD and microarchitectural properties of bone using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in patients of T2D with or without PN.

Engineering a 3-dimensional tissue construct with adipose-derived stem cells for healing bone defect: An ex vivo study with femur head.

The compatibility of bone graft substitutes (BGS) with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is an important parameter to consider for their use in repairing bone defects as it eventually affects the clinical outcome. In the present study, a few commercially available BGS - β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), calcium sulfate, gelatin sponge, and different forms of hydroxyapatite (HAP) were screened for their interactions with MSCs from adipose tissue (ADSCs). It was demonstrated that HAP block favorably supported ADSC viability, morphology, migration, and differentiation compared to other scaffolds.

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with Zinner syndrome: a coincidence or a consequence?

This case report describes a man in his 20s presenting with bilateral crypto-orchidism, micropenis and underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics. The patient also exhibited hyposmia, eunuchoid stature and gynecomastia. Biochemical investigations revealed low levels of testosterone, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone.

Evaluating compliance with the care standard of proactively assessing bone health in patients with diabetes: a pilot audit of practice across Asia by the Asia Pacific Consortium on Osteoporosis (APCO).

Unlabelled: This pilot audit explored how bone health is assessed patients with diabetes in diverse centres across Asia. Only 343 of 1092 (31%) audited patients had a bone health assessment, 27% of whom were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Quality improvement strategies are needed to address gaps in patient care in this area.

Basal and FSH-stimulated Inhibin B in Precocious Puberty.

Objective: To evaluate the role of basal and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated inhibin B in differentiating premature thelarche from gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty (GDPP).

Methods: This was a prospective interventional study. Basal and FSH-stimulated inhibin B levels were estimated in girls presenting with thelarche < 8 years age (n = 10), healthy girls with normal pubertal development (pubertal control) (n = 8) and healthy prepubertal girls (prepubertal control) (n = 7).

Normative Data for Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in Healthy Children and Adolescents From India.

Background: Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is an important biochemical tool to diagnose and monitor growth hormone (GH)-related disorders. However, ethnicity-specific Indian data, following consensus criteria for the establishment of normative data, are not available. Our objective was to generate chronological age (CA)-, bone age (BA)- and Tanner stage-specific normative data for IGF-1 in healthy Indian children and adolescents.

Self Emulsifying Delivery System of Cissus quadrangularis: Evidence of Enhanced Efficacy and Promising Pharmacokinetic Profile in the Management of Osteoporosis.

Treatment therapies used to manage osteoporosis are associated with severe side effects. So worldwide herbs are widely studied to develop alternative safe & effective treatments. Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) has a significant role in bone health and fracture healing.

Fracture risk and bone health in adrenal adenomas with mild autonomous cortisol secretion/subclinical hypercortisolism: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Adrenal adenomas/incidentalomas with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS)/subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) are often associated with metabolic syndrome, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, and fractures. In this background, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collate the available evidence and provide a summary of the effect of MACS/SH on bone health in terms of fractures, osteoporosis/osteopenia, microarchitecture, and bone turnover. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for observational studies reporting prevalence of fractures, osteoporosis/osteopenia or data on bone microarchitecture/bone turnover markers (BTMs).