Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in an Urban Multiethnic Indigenous Community from Amazonas.

Introduction: Studies about dementia in Indigenous communities are still scarce worldwide, especially in low-middle-income countries, limiting timely intervention in minority groups. Our research aimed to bridge this gap by determining the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and the associated factors, in a multiethnic Indigenous community in Manaus, Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study evaluated the cognitive and functional performances of 141 Indigenous individuals (aged 50 and above).

Lack of Association between Vitamin D Genetic Polymorphism and Virological Characteristics of Hepatitis B Infection.

Background: Exploring polymorphisms in vitamin D-related genes (VDR) within the Brazilian population provides a valuable model to contribute to the influence of the host genetic variants on chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: 126 CHB patients were enrolled in the current study and clinical, laboratory, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OD)D] level data were obtained. Four VDR (rs7975232, rs1544410, rs10735810, rs731236) and 2 vitamin D-binding protein/carrier globulin (GC) polymorphisms (rs4588 and rs7041) were determined using TaqMan assays and nucleotide sequencing.

Water pollution caused by ash from grassland fires alters the molecular, biochemical, and morphological biomarkers of non-biting midge larvae.

The frequency and intensity of wildfires have been increasing in many parts of the world, which may result in biodiversity loss. Wildfires can devastate plant communities, generating toxic ash that pollutes watercourses through runoff. However, our understanding of the effects of ash exposure on aquatic biodiversity is still limited.

Photobiomodulation in post menopause genitourinary syndrome-Study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical protocol.

Introduction: Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) defines a set of symptoms associated with an estrogen deficit involving alterations in organs genitourinary and that results in several urinary, genital, and sexual alterations. Brazilian women live about a third of their life after menopause, where hormonal changes occur along with clinical manifestations, characterized by vaginal and vulvar dryness, burning sensation, discomfort, vulvovaginal irritation, lack of lubrication, dyspareunia and urinary incontinence. Fractionated photothermolysis and radiofrequency systems, alone or in combination were tested to improve GSM.

Alterations in miRNA Expression and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cervical Cancer.

Background: Cervical cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate, affecting more than half a million women in 2018. Its development is strongly related to high-risk HPV infection. After infection, several cellular molecules are affected, including microRNAs (miRNAs), which are the focus of our study.

Intermediate statistics: Addressing the thermoelectric properties of solids.

We study the thermodynamics of a crystalline solid by applying intermediate statistics obtained by deforming known solid state models using the mathematics of q analogs. We apply the resulting q deformation to both the Einstein and Debye models and study the deformed thermal and electrical conductivities and the deformed Debye specific heat. We find that the q deformation acts in two different ways-but not necessarily as independent mechanisms.

Clinical impact of sex differences and procedural setting in transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a well-established treatment for symptomatic patients with aortic stenosis. Yet, the impact of sex differences and public vs. private procedural setting on TAVI outcomes remain uncertain.

Generalization to d-dimensions of a fermionic path integral for exact enumeration of polygons on hypercubic lattices.

The generating function for polygons on the square lattice has been known for many decades and is closely related to the path integral formulation of a free fermion model. On the cubic and hypercubic lattices the generating function is still unknown and the problem remains open. It has been conjectured that the three-dimensional (3D) and higher dimensional problems are not solvable-or, to be more precise, that there are no differentiably finite (D-finite) solutions.

Spatial and seasonal distribution of Leptospira spp. seropositive horses in the Northeast region of Brazil.

Leptospirosis is an anthropozoonosis of economic and public health importance, caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Horses are deemed important in its transmission chain due to their proximity to humans, and because the species is often asymptomatic, making these animals potential silent reservoirs. In this context, the objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of seropositive horses for Leptospira spp.

Learning Curve for In-Hospital Mortality of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights from the Brazilian National Registry.

Background: Robust data on the learning curve (LC) of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are lacking in developing countries.

Objective: To assess TAVR's LC in Brazil over time.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Brazilian TAVR registry from 2008 to 2023.

A multicommuted system using bacterial cellulose for urease immobilization and copper (II)-MOF colorimetric sensor for urea spectrophotometric determination in milk.

This work describes determining urea in milk samples using a multicommuted approach with a urease enzyme immobilized in bacterial cellulose and solid MOF as a colorimetric reagent. The Cu(2+)-MOF was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, and SEM. The urea quantification was based on the urea hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by urease and reacted with Cu(2+)-MOF forming [Cu(NH)], monitored at 450 nm.

Temporal Trends in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: 10-Year Analysis of the TAVIDOR Registry.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has established itself as the preferential strategy to approach severe aortic stenosis. Information on procedural improvements and nationwide results obtained with the technique throughout the past decade are unknown.

Objectives: To assess the temporal variation of the demographic profile, procedural characteristics, and in-hospital outcomes of patients undergoing TAVI procedures at the Rede D'Or São Luiz.

Insecticidal activity of fluralaner (Exzolt) administered to Gallus gallus domesticus against triatomines (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae).

Background: Triatoma infestans, Triatoma brasiliensis, Triatoma pseudomaculata and Rhodnius prolixus are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease. Chickens serve as an important blood food source for triatomines. This study aimed to assess the insecticidal activity of fluralaner (Exzolt) administered to chickens against triatomines (R.

Culturally adapted cognitive assessment tool for Indigenous communities in Brazil: Content, construct, and criterion validity.

Introduction: Initial dementia prevalence estimates have revealed a significant burden of the disease in Indigenous communities in Amazonas, Brazil. However, the need for culturally adapted cognitive tools poses a critical challenge when assessing cognitive performance in these communities. This study addressed this issue by culturally adapting and providing validity indicators for the Brazilian Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (BRICA) tool in Manaus, Brazil's urban multiethnic Indigenous community.

Alteration in the Expression of Circular Rnas and its association with the Development and Progression of Osteosarcoma, an Integrative Review with High Sensitivity Research.

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, mainly affecting children, young adults, and the elderly. It is an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis, exhibiting low survival rates even with standard treatment. Recently, circular RNA molecules capable of influencing gene expression through various functions, with their main role being acting as microRNA sponges and reducing their intracellular expression, have been identified.

Evaluation of photobiomodulation in the salivary production of patients with hyposalivation induced by antihypertensive drugs - A blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: Arterial hypertension is a systemic condition that affects about 35% of the world population. The drugs that are used for its control can produce hyposalivation. This work evaluated the effect of photobiomodulation on salivary flow rate, salivary pH, total protein concentration, and calcium concentration in individuals using antihypertensive medications.

New occurrences of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Atlantic Forest biome of the Brazilian Northeast.

Background: Information regarding the distribution of Culicidae species in the northeastern region of Brazil is scarce.

Methods: Immatures were collected from approximately four fragments of the Atlantic Forest.

Results: This study presents new occurrences of 18 Culicidae species in Pernambuco state: Anopheles kompi, Georgecraigius fluviatilis, Culex bidens, Culex chidesteri, Culex bastagarius, Culex imitator, Mansonia humeralis, Wyeomyia incaudata, Uranotaenia apicalis, Culex mollis, Culex usquatus, Culex dunni, Culex serratimarge, Culex ybarmis, Culex microphyllus, Sabethes purpureus, Wyeomyia pilicauda, and Wyeomyia airosai.

Guarana propagation strategies: a review.

Guarana [Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke] is a species of great economic and social important in Brazil, as it is the only commercial guarana producer in the world.

Phenotypic Diversity and Genetic Parameters of Clones.

The simultaneous analysis of the maximum number of chemical elements present in plant tissues provides more comprehensive information about their chemical constitution and increases the number of characteristics for the selection process in various plant breeding programs. The objective of this study was to analyze productivity, grain yield, and concentration of chemical elements in tissues of clones to study phenotypic diversity and estimate genetic parameters for use in breeding. This experiment was carried out in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, in randomized blocks with four replications.

Pharmacists' contribution to benzodiazepine deprescribing in older outpatients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Consolidated and reliable evidence regarding the effectiveness of pharmacist interventions for deprescribing benzodiazepines in older outpatients is lacking.

Aim: This study evaluated and summarized the impact of pharmacist interventions on benzodiazepine deprescribing among older outpatients.

Method: A literature search was conducted until August 2022 in PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases.

Two new species of (Monogenoidea, Dactylogyridae) parasitizing (Characiformes, Curimatidae) and a new record for in the Tocantins River, Maranhão, Brazil.

Several studies have demonstrated parasitism by monogenoids in characiform fish in the Neotropics. During studies on the helminth fauna of curimatids from the Tocantins River, specimens of Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 were examined and species of Hanek, Molnar & Fernando, 1974 were found. Species of the genus are characterized mainly by the complex shape of haptoral anchors with a modified dorsal anchor, composed by two subunits, dorsal-median and dorsal.

Crude Mortality Associated With the Empirical Use of Polymyxins in Septic Patients in a Setting of High Prevalence of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-negative Bacteria: Retrospective Analysis of a Cohort.

Background: Our aim in this retrospective cohort study was to assess the impact on mortality of the empirical use of polymyxin as therapy for carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) in septic patients. The study was performed at a tertiary academic hospital in Brazil, from January 2018 to January 2020, the pre-coronavirus disease 2019 period.

Methods: We included 203 patients with suspected sepsis.