The Development and Evaluation of a Literature-Based Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota.

The aim of the study was to develop and evaluate a novel dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) that captures dietary composition related to gut microbiota profiles. We conducted a literature review of longitudinal studies on the association of diet with gut microbiota in adult populations and extracted those dietary components with evidence of beneficial or unfavorable effects. Dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2010, = 3812) were used to compute the DI-GM, and associations with biomarkers of gut microbiota diversity (urinary enterodiol and enterolactone) were examined using linear regression.

Dietary Patterns and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.

Purpose Of Review: Previous literature reviews summarized the associations between individual foods or food groups and lung cancer risk, but the relationship between dietary patterns and lung cancer risk has received less attention. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses of observational studies on the associations between dietary patterns and lung cancer risk.

Recent Findings: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to February 2023.

Effectiveness of the Eggs Make Kids demand-creation campaign at improving household availability of eggs and egg consumption by young children in Nigeria: A quasi-experimental study.

Using a quasi-experimental design, our study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the 'Eggs Make Kids Sharp & Bright and Strong & Active' demand-creation campaign in Nigeria. The intervention arm received emotionally compelling radio and television advertisements about eggs, and was exposed to promotional activities and advertising about eggs at points of purchase, schools and health facilities; the comparison arm received no intervention. Children 6-59 months of age (intervention: n = 1359; comparison: n = 1485) were assessed 14 months apart.

Health behavior and anxiety changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among students, faculty, and staff at a US university.

Objective: To investigate change in health behaviors and anxiety one year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Participants: University students ( = 525) and faculty/staff ( = 136) surveyed in February-April 2021.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey on health behaviors and anxiety before and during the pandemic.

Strengthening causal inference from randomised controlled trials of complex interventions.

Researchers conducting randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of complex interventions face design and analytical challenges that are not fully addressed in existing guidelines. Further guidance is needed to help ensure that these trials of complex interventions are conducted to the highest scientific standards while maximising the evidence that can be extracted from each trial. The key challenge is how to manage the multiplicity of outcomes required for the trial while minimising false positive and false negative findings.

Determinants of egg consumption by infants and young children in Ethiopia.

Objective: To identify determinants of egg consumption in infants and young children aged 6-23·9 months in Ethiopia.

Design And Setting: Data used were from the cross-sectional baseline survey of an egg campaign in Ethiopia implemented by the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition.

Participants: Children aged 6-23·9 months ( 453) were sampled.

Longitudinal Associations Between Symptoms of ADHD and BMI From Late Childhood to Early Adulthood.

Background And Objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity are 2 frequent conditions that co-occur, which has implications for the management of both conditions. We hypothesized that ADHD symptoms predict BMI and vice versa from late childhood (10-12 years) up to early adulthood (20-22 years).

Methods: Participants were adolescents in the Netherlands ( = 2773, 52.

Time-Varying Insomnia Symptoms and Incidence of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia among Older US Adults.

There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between insomnia and the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. This study aimed to evaluate if time-varying insomnia is associated with the development of MCI and dementia. Data from the Health and Retirement Study ( = 13,833) from 2002 to 2014 were used (59.

Associations between dietary inflammatory index and sleep problems among adults in the United States, NHANES 2005-2016.

Objectives: To examine the associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores and sleep measures of sleep duration and self-reported sleep disturbance.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: The United States.