Workplace violence and associated factors against nurses working in public hospitals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The issue of workplace violence (WPV) directed at nurses is a chronic and global public health concern. Numerous studies on workplace violence in Ethiopia have been conducted; however, the results have been inconsistent. The review aims to identify the pooled prevalence and associated factors of workplace violence against nurses.

Effects of Extracted Pulse Proteins on Lipid Targets for Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Many clinical practice guidelines recommend dietary pulses for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The impact of extracted pulse proteins remains unclear. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of the effect of extracted pulse proteins on therapeutic lipid targets.

Pregnancy Outcomes in Living Kidney Donors: Protocol of a Population-Based Cohort Study in Three Canadian Provinces.

Background: A substantial proportion of living kidney donors are women of childbearing age. Some prior studies report a higher risk of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia in living kidney donors compared with nondonors. Further research is needed to better quantify the risk of adverse maternal, fetal/infant, and neonatal outcomes attributable to living kidney donation.

Asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy and associated risk factors in Majang Zone, Gambella Region, Southwest Ethiopia: a hard-to-reach malaria hotspot.

Background: Asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy (AMiP) is a daunting public health problem with multifaceted adverse outcomes for mothers, fetuses, newborns and beyond. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of AMiP and anaemia in Majang Zone, Gambella, Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 425 pregnant women attending the antenatal care (ANC) clinics of five health facilities in the Majang Zone from November 2022 to February 2023.

Multi-state Markov model for time to treatment changes for HIV/AIDS patients: a retrospective cohort national datasets, Ethiopia.

Background: Virological failure, drug resistance, toxicities, and other issues make it difficult for ART to maintain long-term sustainability. These issues would force a modification in the patient's treatment plan. The aim of this research was to determine whether first-line antiretroviral therapy is durable and to identify the factors that lead to patients on HAART changing their first highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen.

Clinical prediction models in children that use repeated measurements with time-varying covariates: a scoping review.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that clinical prediction models that use repeated (time-varying) measurements within each patient may have higher predictive accuracy than models that use patient information from a single measurement.

Objective: To determine the breadth of the published literature reporting the development of clinical prediction models in children that use time-varying predictors.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases.

Probiotics, Prebiotics, Lactoferrin, and Combination Products for Prevention of Mortality and Morbidity in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Modulation of intestinal microbiome by administering probiotics, prebiotics, or both may prevent morbidity and mortality in premature infants.

Objective: To assess the comparative effectiveness of alternative prophylactic strategies through a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized clinical trials.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar from inception until May 10, 2023.

Protocol for a living evidence synthesis on variants of concern and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness.

Background: It is evident that COVID-19 will remain a public health concern in the coming years, largely driven by variants of concern (VOC). It is critical to continuously monitor vaccine effectiveness as new variants emerge and new vaccines and/or boosters are developed. Systematic surveillance of the scientific evidence base is necessary to inform public health action and identify key uncertainties.

Development and validation of asthma risk prediction models using co-expression gene modules and machine learning methods.

Asthma is a heterogeneous respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and obstruction. Despite recent advances, the genetic regulation of asthma pathogenesis is still largely unknown. Gene expression profiling techniques are well suited to study complex diseases including asthma.

Resistance training prescription for muscle strength and hypertrophy in healthy adults: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine how distinct combinations of resistance training prescription (RTx) variables (load, sets and frequency) affect muscle strength and hypertrophy.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched until February 2022.

Eligibility Criteria: Randomised trials that included healthy adults, compared at least 2 predefined conditions (non-exercise control (CTRL) and 12 RTx, differentiated by load, sets and/or weekly frequency), and reported muscle strength and/or hypertrophy were included.

Do Psychological and Behavioural Factors Change Over Pregnancy?

Objectives: To investigate how psychological and behavioural factors change from the first to the last half of pregnancy.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we assessed the changes in psychological and behavioural factors across 10 domains among 445 women (mean age = 30.9 years) in Ontario, Canada.

Global and regional prevalence of multimorbidity in the adult population in community settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Knowing the prevalence of multimorbidity among adults across continents is a crucial piece of information for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.4, which calls for reducing premature death due to non-communicable diseases. A high prevalence of multimorbidity indicates high mortality and increased healthcare utilization.

Associations of abdominal obesity with different types of bone fractures in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Findings on the association between abdominal obesity and hip fracture were summarized in a meta-analysis in 2017; however, no study has examined the dose-response association between abdominal fat indices and hip fracture. Also, we found no meta-analysis investigating other types of bone fractures including any vertebral fractures in relation to abdominal obesity. Therefore, the present systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies were conducted to examine the association between abdominal obesity and different types of bone fractures.

Assessment of Concordance between Chairside Ultrasonography and Digital Palpation in Detecting Myofascial Trigger Points in Masticatory Myofascial Pain Syndrome.

Introduction: Masticatory myofascial pain is a musculoligamentous syndrome that can mimic odontogenic pain. Pain referral to odontogenic structures can be traced to hyperirritated myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). This pragmatic study evaluated the concordance between ultrasonography and palpation in detecting MTrPs in the masseter and temporalis muscles.

Mapping and determinants of consumption of egg and/or flesh foods and zero vegetables or fruits among young children in SSA.

Zero vegetable or fruit and egg and/or flesh foods are the latest indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. Understanding national and subnational heterogeneity and regional clustering in children with SSA is becoming increasingly essential for geographic targeting and policy prioritization. Geographical case identification, determinants, and impacts were all investigated.

Egg and Dietary Cholesterol Intake and Risk of All-Cause, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies examined the associations between egg and dietary cholesterol intake and the risk of mortality from all causes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar until April 2021, as well as references to the relevant articles retrieved. Random-effects models were used to calculate summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest vs.

Assessments of risk of bias in systematic reviews of observational nutritional epidemiologic studies are often not appropriate or comprehensive: a methodological study.

Background: An essential component of systematic reviews is the assessment of risk of bias. To date, there has been no investigation of how reviews of non-randomised studies of nutritional exposures (called 'nutritional epidemiologic studies') assess risk of bias.

Objective: To describe methods for the assessment of risk of bias in reviews of nutritional epidemiologic studies.

A Roadmap for Building Data Science Capacity for Health Discovery and Innovation in Africa.

Technological advances now make it possible to generate diverse, complex and varying sizes of data in a wide range of applications from business to engineering to medicine. In the health sciences, in particular, data are being produced at an unprecedented rate across the full spectrum of scientific inquiry spanning basic biology, clinical medicine, public health and health care systems. Leveraging these data can accelerate scientific advances, health discovery and innovations.

Dietary intake and biomarkers of alpha linolenic acid and risk of all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Objective: To examine the associations between dietary intake and tissue biomarkers of alpha linolenic acid (ALA) and risk of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar to 30 April 2021.

Subnational mapping for targeting anaemia prevention in women of reproductive age in Ethiopia: A coverage-equity paradox.

Anaemia in women of reproductive age (WRA) can be effectively addressed if supported by a better understanding of the spatial variations, magnitude, severity and distribution of anaemia. This study aimed to map the subnational spatial distribution of anaemia (any, moderate and severe forms) among WRA in Ethiopia. We identified and mapped (any, moderate and severe) anaemia hotspots in WRA (n = 14,923) at the subnational level and identified risk factors using multilevel logistic regression.

Mapping of mothers' suffering and child mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Child death and mothers who suffer from child death are a public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa. The location and associated factors of child death and mothers who suffer child death were not identified. To monitor and prioritize effective interventions, it is important to identify hotspots areas and associated factors.

An improved method for analysis of interrupted time series (ITS) data: accounting for patient heterogeneity using weighted analysis.

Interrupted time series (ITS) design is commonly used to evaluate the impact of interventions in healthcare settings. Segmented regression (SR) is the most commonly used statistical method and has been shown to be useful in practical applications involving ITS designs. Nevertheless, SR is prone to aggregation bias, which leads to imprecision and loss of power to detect clinically meaningful differences.

Prediction of preterm birth in nulliparous women using logistic regression and machine learning.

Objective: To predict preterm birth in nulliparous women using logistic regression and machine learning.

Design: Population-based retrospective cohort.

Participants: Nulliparous women (N = 112,963) with a singleton gestation who gave birth between 20-42 weeks gestation in Ontario hospitals from April 1, 2012 to March 31, 2014.