Regional disparities of full pentavalent vaccine uptake and the determinants in Ethiopia: Mapping and spatial analysis using the EDHS data.

Background: The full pentavalent (DPT-HepB-Hib) vaccination is the main strategy to prevent five communicable diseases in early childhood, especially in countries with huge communicable disease burdens like Ethiopia. Exploring spatial distributions and determinants of full pentavalent vaccination status in minor ecological areas in Ethiopia is crucial for creating targeted immunization campaigns and monitoring the advancement of accomplishing sustainable development goals. This study aimed to investigate the spatial disparities and determinants of full pentavalent vaccination among 12-23-month-old children in Ethiopia.

Magnitude of undernutrition and determinant factors among adult patients with tuberculosis on follow-up care at public healthcare facilities in South Ethiopia Region: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Background: Globally, approximately 1.9 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) were attributable to undernutrition. Nearly 19 000 deaths occur annually in Ethiopia due to TB.

Family planning utilization among postpartum women in the Bule Hora District, southern Ethiopia.

Background: Contraception use remains low in Ethiopia, particularly within the first year after childbirth. While some women might have medical conditions that limit their contraceptive options, the primary obstacle to wider family planning adoption is not a specific health problem. Instead, it is the lack of equitable access to high-quality family planning services.

Armored brain as a late complication of CSF overshunting: A rare case report.

We hereby present a case of an 18-year-old patient who, following initial cerebrospinal fluid overshunting to relieve a congenital hydrocephalus for Dandy-Walker malformation, developed chronic calcified subdural hematoma or an armored brain as a late complication. Chronic calcified subdural hematoma or armored brain is generally rare, and it is even rarer after overshunting. In this report, we present a rare case of bilateral chronic subdural hematoma, also known as "armored brain", 18 years after a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed during infancy.

A rare case of primary hydatid disease in the cervical paravertebral compartment.

Hydatid disease is a common parasitic illness. The paravertebral region is rarely involved. After presenting with chronic posterior upper neck swelling, a 28-year-old male patient underwent successful surgical treatment for a primary hydatid disease of the cervical paravertebral compartment after he presented with chronic posterior neck pain.

Determinants of Early Mortality Among Deaths at Adult Emergency Departments in Southern Ethiopia.

Background: In Ethiopia, the first 3 days (72 h) after admission to the emergency department (ED) account for more than half (59.8%) of all deaths. However, little is known about the prevalence of early mortality and its associated factors in southern Ethiopia.

Obscure Small Bowel Bleeding Related to a Ventral Hernioplasty Mesh Perforation Visualized With Video Capsule Endoscopy.

We report a case of a 76-year-old female presenting with intermittent obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding originating from the small intestine secondary to a delayed complication related to mesh hernioplasty. The mesh was eroding into the small bowel causing intermittent transfusion-dependent GI bleeding. Multiple upper and lower endoscopic investigations were sought over the last two years, but they were noncontributory.

Utilization of emergency medical service and its associated factors among patients visited public hospitals at Hawassa City, Sidama Region, Ethiopia, 2023.

Background: The burden of emergency medical conditions is borne mostly by poorer nations, with a 6 % increase in deaths of adults and children due to emergency conditions between 1990 and 2015. Emergency medical service is crucial to improve outcomes of those injuries and other time-sensitive illnesses. However, access to emergency medical services in Hawassa City is still limited and its' utilization is influenced by different factors.

Magnetic study and DFT analysis of a doubly carboxylato-bridged Co(II) derivative anchored with a 'scorpionate' precursor as a potential electrocatalyst for heterogeneous H evolution.

A new doubly carboxylato-bridged Co(II) dinuclear complex, [Co(bdtbpza)(NCS)] (1), was obtained in a satisfactory yield by employing a 'scorpionate'-type precursor, {bis-(3,5-di--butylpyrazol-1-yl)acetate}, and was then structurally characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that, in 1, each Co(II) is penta-coordinated, leading to a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry within the coordination environment of NO. Weak antiferromagnetic coupling within the Co(II) ions in 1 was found based on the isotropic spin Hamiltonian = -(·) for the = 3/2 system.

Inoculation of with plant-beneficial microbial consortia enhanced its growth and improved soil nitrogen and phosphorous status when applied as green manure.

has been applied as a green manure to improve soil fertility in southern Ethiopia. It has been nodulated by indigenous rhizobia. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of inoculation with microbial consortia consisted of , and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)on growth, soil nitrogen and phosphorous status after application as a green manure.

Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the jejunum in a patient with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Despite being the longest and containing a greater proportion of the gastrointestinal tract's mucosal surface area, the small bowel is where <2 % to 5 % of gastrointestinal cancers can occur. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is the rarest risk factor for the development of small intestinal cancers. Here we report a case of perforated poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the jejunum for which Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is identified.

Magnitude of early relaparotomy and its outcome among patients who underwent laparotomy in a tertiary hospital in Eastern Ethiopia: a cross- sectional study.

Introduction: Several studies conducted worldwide revealed the magnitude of early relaparotomy and its outcome among patients undergoing laparotomy. However, there was very little evidence on the magnitude of early relaparotomy and its outcome among patients who underwent laparotomy in Ethiopia, especially in the study area.

Objective: this study aimed to the assess magnitude of early relaparotomy and its outcome among patients who underwent laparotomy in a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia.

Incidence, types, and associated factors of external abdominal hernias among adult patients visiting the surgical outpatient department, eastern Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Background: Abdominal hernia is the most common surgical alignment that affects all age groups and sexes. It is characterized by the protrusion of abdominal contents through the abdominal wall's muscles and fascia. In this study, the incidence, types, and associated factors of external abdominal hernias at Hiwotfana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Jugal Regional Hospital, eastern Ethiopia, were ascertained.

Caring behaviour and its associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals in Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess nurses caring behaviours and its associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals in the Gamo zone of southern Ethiopia in 2022.

Design: Institutional based cross-sectional study was used.

Setting: This study was conducted in five public hospitals in Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia.

Climatic zone effects of non-native plant invasion on CH and NO emissions from natural wetland ecosystems.

Plant invasion can significantly alter the carbon and nitrogen cycles of wetlands, which potentially affects the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The extent of these effects can vary depending on several factors, including the species of invasive plants, their growth patterns, and the climatic conditions prevailing in the wetland. Understanding the global effects of plant invasion on the emission of methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) is crucial for the climate-smart management of wetlands.

Burden of lower respiratory infections and associated risk factors across regions in Ethiopia: a subnational analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases 2019 study.

Objective: This analysis is to present the burden and trends of morbidity and mortality due to lower respiratory infections (LRIs), their contributing risk factors, and the disparity across administrative regions and cities from 1990 to 2019.

Design: This analysis used Global Burden of Disease 2019 framework to estimate morbidity and mortality outcomes of LRI and its contributing risk factors. The Global Burden of Disease study uses all available data sources and Cause of Death Ensemble model to estimate deaths from LRI and a meta-regression disease modelling technique to estimate LRI non-fatal outcomes with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).

Incidence and Predictors of Pressure Ulcers among Adult Patients in Intensive Care Units at Arba Minch and Jinka Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia.

Introduction: The incidence of a pressure ulcer in intensive care units (ICU) is significantly higher than in noncritical care settings. The patients in the ICU are the most vulnerable group to disruption of the skin's integrity. Prior studies in Ethiopia failed to evaluate pressure ulcers in intensive care units and were limited to general wards.

Assessment of neonatal thermal cares: Practices and beliefs among rural women in West Guji Zone, South Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

A newborn has a limited capacity to maintain temperature when exposed to cold environment. Neonatal hypothermia, a common neonatal problem, carries high case fatality rate particularly if concurrently occurs with other neonatal problems. This study assessed neonatal thermal care practices and beliefs among rural women in west Guji Zone, south Ethiopia.

Health related quality of life among people with mental illness: The role of socio-clinical characteristics and level of functional disability.

Background: People with mental illness (PWMI) have declining health related quality of life (HRQoL), which is frequently equivalent to or greater than that of medical disorders. Although, HRQoL is rapidly being recognized as an essential treatment outcome indicator in modern psychiatry, research on the identification and significance of factors impacting QoL in PWMI is still in its early stages.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of HRQoL among people with mental illness who underwent outpatient follow-up in Sidama region, southern Ethiopia.

Predicting the long-term impact of rotavirus vaccination in 112 countries from 2006 to 2034: A transmission modeling analysis.

Rotavirus vaccination has been shown to reduce rotavirus burden in many countries, but the long-term magnitude of vaccine impacts is unclear, particularly in low-income countries. We use a transmission model to estimate the long-term impact of rotavirus vaccination on deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) from 2006 to 2034 for 112 low- and middle-income countries. We also explore the predicted effectiveness of a one- vs two- dose series and the relative contribution of direct vs indirect effects to overall impacts.

Khat induced bezoar; a rare cause of small bowel obstruction:a case report.

Introduction: Bezoar-induced small bowel obstruction (sbo) is a rare entity that might be difficult to establish diagnosis preoperatively. There are a multitude of factors attributed to its occurrence in different literature. Khat chewing which is widely practiced in eastern African and Middle East countries might contribute directly or indirectly to bezoar formation.

Laboratory capacity assessments in 25 African countries at high risk of yellow fever, August-December 2018.

Introduction: accurate and timely laboratory diagnosis of yellow fever (YF) is critical to the Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics (EYE) strategy. Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance recognized the need to support and build capacity in the national and regional laboratories in the Global YF Laboratory Network (GYFLN) as part of this strategy.

Methods: to better understand current capacity, gaps and needs of the GYFLN laboratories in Africa, assessments were carried out in national and regional reference laboratories in the 25 African countries at high risk for YF outbreaks that were eligible for new financial support from Gavi.