The identification and management of depression in UK Kidney Care: Results from the Mood Maps Study.

Background: Depression is common in people with chronic kidney disease, yet little is known about how depression is identified and managed as part of routine kidney care.

Objectives: The primary objective was to survey all UK adult kidney centres to understand how depression is identified and managed. A secondary objective was to broadly describe the variability in psychosocial care.

Achieving consensus on psychosocial and physical rehabilitation management for people living with kidney disease.

Background: People living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) need to be able to live well with their condition. The provision of psychosocial interventions (psychological, psychiatric and social care) and physical rehabilitation management is variable across England, as well as the rest of the UK. There is a need for clear recommendations for standards of psychosocial and physical rehabilitation care for people living with CKD, and guidance for the commissioning and measurement of these services.

Impact of pathogenic bacterial communities present in wastewater on aquatic organisms: Application of nanomaterials for the removal of these pathogens.

Contaminated wastewater (WW) can cause severe hazards to numerous delicate ecosystems and associated life forms. In addition, human health is negatively impacted by the presence of microorganisms in water. Multiple pathogenic microorganisms in contaminated water, including bacteria, fungi, yeast, and viruses, are vectors for several contagious diseases.

Mechanistic evaluation of the signaling events regulating curcumin-mediated chemosensitization of breast cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first rationally designed antimetabolite, which achieves its therapeutic efficacy through inhibition of the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS), which is essential for the synthesis and repair of DNA. However, prolonged exposure to 5-FU induces TS overexpression, which leads to 5-FU resistance in cancer cells. Several studies have identified curcumin as a potent chemosensitizer against chemoresistance induced by various chemotherapeutic drugs.

Nicotine-induced survival signaling in lung cancer cells is dependent on their p53 status while its down-regulation by curcumin is independent.

Background: Lung cancer is the most lethal cancer and almost 90% of lung cancer is due to cigarette smoking. Even though nicotine, one of the major ingredients of cigarette smoke and the causative agent for addiction, is not a carcinogen by itself, several investigators have shown that nicotine can induce cell proliferation and angiogenesis. We observed that the proliferative index of nicotine is different in the lung cancer cell lines H1299 (p53-/-) and A549 (p53+/+) which indicates that the mode of up-regulation of survival signals by nicotine might be different in cells with and without p53.

Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis.

Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis (RND) is an infrequent cutaneous manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This condition is seen in patients who are both positive and negative for a circulating rheumatoid factor. Histologically, it presents with a neutrophilic dermatosis, characterized by a heavy dermal infiltrate of neutrophils with variable degrees of leukocytoclasis but no vasculitis.

Fat transplantation using fresh versus frozen fat: a side-by-side two-hand comparison pilot study.

Background: Autologous fat in both fresh and frozen forms has been used for many years as a filler for various dermatologic conditions. However, it is not clear whether fat that has been frozen survives as well as, and gives aesthetic results similar to, fresh fat. The efficacy of frozen fat has been debated in the literature.

Variable-pulse Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of facial telangiectasias.

Background: Variable-pulse 1,064 nm wavelength lasers have been used with good effectiveness on leg telangiectasias and reticular veins and have shown promising results on facial telangiectasias as well.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of a variable-pulse neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser using a small spot size in the treatment of facial telangiectasias.

Methods: Eight male patients (mean age 75 years) underwent a single treatment session using a variable-pulse 1.

Experimental posttraumatic Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis in a swine model. Efficacy of intravitreal ciprofloxacin, vancomycin, and imipenem.

Purpose: The authors compare the intravitreal efficacy of ciprofloxacin, vancomycin and imipenem, in treating experimental Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis.

Methods: Thirty-three Yorkshire pigs received a surgically induced injury to the right eye, which was then repaired and injected with 8400 colony forming units of live B. cereus.

Cell populations of tendon: a simplified method for isolation of synovial cells and internal fibroblasts: confirmation of origin and biologic properties.

Tendons transmit the force of muscle contraction to bone to effect limb movement. Special structural and biological properties of tendon have developed to facilitate force transmission. The tendon has a complex organization of cells surrounding the collagen bundles inside tendon as well as at the tendon surface.

Tendon synovial cells secrete fibronectin in vivo and in vitro.

The chemistry and cell biology of the tendon have been largely overlooked due to the emphasis on collagen, the principle structural component of the tendon. The tendon must not only transmit the force of muscle contraction to bone to effect movement, but it must also glide simultaneously over extratendonous tissues. Fibronectin is classified as a cell attachment molecule that induces cell spreading and adhesion to substratum.

Closure of large spina bifida cystica defects with bilateral bipedicled musculocutaneous flaps.

A report of 19 cases of large spina bifida cystica defects closed with bilateral bipedicled latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flaps is presented. This procedure offers a distinct advantage over other procedures used currently: (1) any large defect in the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral area can be repaired without tension; (2) the flaps have good blood supply; (3) they require no delay, and operative time and blood loss are minimized; and (4) excellent results have been obtained using this safe, predictable technique with a minimum of complications.

Closure of thoracic and lumbar dysgraphic defects using bilateral latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap transfer with extended gluteal fasciocutaneous flaps.

The latissimus dorsi-gluteal myofasciocutaneous flap has been successfully employed in closure of 6 large thoracolumbar myelomeningoceles in newborn infants. Good wound healing was attained in all cases. The technique of flap mobilization and closure is outlined and possible pitfalls are explained.

Effects of trauma and partial devascularization on protein synthesis in the avian flexor profundus tendon.

Destruction of the blood supply to tendons adversely affects healing of repaired flexor tendons. In cut and sutured avian flexor profundus tendons, protein synthesis was maximal on Day 10 post-trauma with a broad peak that spanned at least 12 days. Partial devascularization of cut-sutured tendons reduced protein synthesis to 43% of the value for nondevascularized-cut-sutured tendons on Day 10.

Examples of simply fabricated, custom-made splints for the hand.

Many splints can be made simply and inexpensively from readily available materials, some of which are often discarded. This article presents pictorially some of the custom-made splints which can be fabricated with minimal effort.

Burn wound sepsis: effect of delayed treatment with topical chemotherapy on survival.

Using a standardized laboratory rat model of burn wound sepsis, a regimen of once a day application of Silvadene has been found to be more effective treatment than Sulfamylon or cerium-Silvadene. Delaying treatment following infection resulted in decreased survival. Possible reasons for difference in mortality are once-daily application, or perhaps a change in sensitivity between drugs and the infective organism (Ps.

Treatment of shallow soft tissue ulcers with an infrequent dressing technique.

The usual topical therapy for shallow ulcers involves frequent dressing changes, which are especially difficult in the paraplegic. A special karaya-Stomahesive dressing is presented which may, in certain cases, be changed only once or twice a week with good results.

A clinical and laboratory evaluation of a polyurethane foam: a new donor site dressing.

A polyurethane foam (Lyofoam) has been reported to accelerate epithelization of a wound. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its efficacy as a donor-site dressing for thermally injured patients. Thus, partial-thickness injuries were made in ten pigs and covered with Lyofoam, Xeroform, Telfa, Scarlet Red, and fine-mesh gauze.

Posterior pillar webbing and palatopharyngeus displacement: possible causes of congenital palatal incompetence.

Three cases of congenital palatal incompetence in the absence of the usual stigmata associated with hypernasality are presented. In two instances, mucosal webbing of the posterior pillars was noted and in one case the palatopharyngeus muscle was displaced. Hypernasal voice quality was apparent in each patient.