Strategic Inter-agency Capacity Building for Primary Prevention of Harmful Behaviors in the Military: Current and Future Directions.

The Department of Defense (DoD) remains committed to mitigating harmful behaviors that harm personnel and hinder military readiness. DoD's Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office (SAPRO) and the Division of Violence Prevention (DVP) within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established a partnership to build capacity for primary prevention though a wide-ranging training and technical assistance (TTA) system, The Integrated Prevention Technical Assistance Center (IPTAC). The system serves as a support system within the Interactive Systems Framework (ISF).

Evaluation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Preschoolers on parent behavioral outcomes.

Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's web-based behavioral parent training (BPT) program, Essentials for Parenting Toddlers and Preschoolers (EfP), uses a psychoeducational approach to promote positive parenting and address common parenting challenges. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of EfP on parenting behavior and whether implementation format impacted behavioral outcomes.

Methods: A sample of 200 parents of 2- to 4-year-old children were recruited via Internet advertising.

Improving Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Prevention from the Bottom-up: a Pilot of Getting To Outcomes in the US Military.

While the Department of Defense (DoD) has given increased attention and priority to preventing sexual assault and sexual harassment (SA/SH), it remains a problem. To build its prevention capacity, DoD piloted Getting To Outcomes (GTO) from 2019 to 2022 at 10 military installations. GTO is an evidence-based planning and implementation support that has been used in many civilian contexts but has only recently been adapted for military SA/SH.

School partner perspectives on the implementation of the Your Voice Your View sexual assault prevention program for high school students.

Despite the high risk for sexual assault among adolescents, few sexual assault prevention programs designed for implementation in high schools have sustained rigorous evaluation. The present study sought to better understand the factors that influenced the implementation of Your Voice Your View (YVYV), a four-session sexual assault prevention program for 10th grade students, which includes a teacher "Lunch and Learn" training as well as a 4-week school-specific social norms poster campaign. Following program implementation, eight school partners (i.

Preventing sexual violence among high school students through norms correction and bystander intervention: A school-based cluster trial of Your Voice Your View.

Risk for sexual violence begins early in the lifespan; thus, interventions are needed to decrease the risk for sexual violence among high school youth. The current study evaluates the Your Voice Your View (YVYV) sexual violence prevention program using a school-based cluster trial among 26 high schools in the Northeastern United States. YVYV, includes: 1) a series of four classroom workshops designed to engage students as allies in violence prevention through bystander intervention skills training, address risks for sexual aggression, and reduce risk for victimization; 2) a Lunch and Learn teacher training workshop; and 3) a 4-week social norms poster campaign based on normative data from the school.

Neonaticides in the United States-2008-2017.

Objective: This study examines factors associated with homicide in the first 24 hours of life (i.e., neonaticide) in the United States.

Development and Pilot Test of the Competency Assessment for Sexual Assault Prevention Practitioners.

Sexual assault is a preventable problem that is widespread and particularly prevalent for certain populations (e.g., female college students, Native American women).

Development and pilot test of criteria defining best practices for organizational sexual assault prevention.

Sexual violence affects millions of Americans, and approximately one out of every three women and one out of every four men have experienced sexual violence during their lifetime. While prevention efforts have focused on implementing specific programmatic approaches, there has been relatively little focus on developing comprehensive and effective approaches to reduce sexual assault prevention across an organization. This study describes the development of the Prevention Evaluation Framework, an assessment targeting organizational best practices for comprehensive sexual assault prevention across multiple domains including human resources, collaborative relationships and infrastructure, use of evidence-informed approaches, quality implementation and continuous evaluation of programs/policies.

Experiences and Correlates of Violence Among American Indian and Alaska Native Youth: A Brief Report.

The purpose of this paper is to document the scope and correlates of past 6-month victimization among American Indian (AI) and Alaska Native (AN) youth. Types of victimization under investigation included sexual assault, dating violence, bullying, sharing of nude photos, sexual harassment, homophobic teasing, and racism. Participants were 400 AI and AN youth in grades 7-10 who completed a survey in school.

An RCT of Dating Matters: Effects on Teen Dating Violence and Relationship Behaviors.

Introduction: Teen dating violence is a serious public health problem with few effective prevention strategies. This study examines whether the Dating Matters comprehensive prevention model, compared with a standard of care intervention, prevented negative relationship behaviors and promoted positive relationship behaviors.

Study Design: This longitudinal, cluster-RCT compared the effectiveness of Dating Matters with standard of care across middle school.

Preliminary Validity of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory with Taiwanese Clinic-Referred Children.

The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) has previously been shown to be a psychometrically sound instrument used to assess disruptive behaviors in children in the United States and in other cultures/countries but not in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure and to establish the discriminative validity of the ECBI with two groups of Taiwanese children: 70 clinic-referred children with clinically elevated externalizing behavior problems and 70 community-based matched comparison children. Exploratory factor analyses resulted in a six-factor model for the clinic-referred sample and a five-factStrengths and Difficultieor model for the matched comparison sample, indicating that the ECBI is not unidimensional.

Addressing Barriers to Recruitment and Retention in the Implementation of Parenting Programs: Lessons Learned for Effective Program Delivery in Rural and Urban Areas.

Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of family-based programs for reducing adolescent risk behaviors and promoting adolescent health; however, parent engagement, specifically in terms of recruitment and retention, remains a consistent challenge. Recruitment rates for family-based prevention programs range from 3 to 35%, while, on average, 28% of caregivers drop out before program completion. Thus, engagement of parents in prevention programming is of utmost concern to ensure families and youth benefit from implementation of family-based programs.

Establishing Norms on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory to Identify Disruptive Behaviors in Taiwanese Children.

Like other cultures, measures to accurately and sensitively assess and treat disruptive behaviors in Taiwanese children are necessary. This research provides normative and psychometric data (i.e.

Technology to Augment Early Home Visitation for Child Maltreatment Prevention: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial.

Early home visitation (EHV) for child maltreatment prevention is widely adopted but has received inconsistent empirical support. Supplementation with interactive software may facilitate attention to major risk factors and use of evidence-based approaches. We developed eight 20-min computer-delivered modules for use by mothers during the course of EHV.

Engaging Fathers in Effective Parenting for Preschool Children Using Shared Book Reading: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Engaging fathers and improving their parenting and, in turn, outcomes for their children in preventive/promotion-focused parenting interventions has been a notable, but understudied, challenge in the field. This study evaluated the effects of a novel intervention, Fathers Supporting Success in Preschoolers: A Community Parent Education Program, which focuses on integrating behavioral parent training with shared book reading (i.e.

Longitudinal Mediators of Relations Between Family Violence and Adolescent Dating Aggression Perpetration.

Few longitudinal studies have examined the pathways through which family violence leads to dating aggression. In the current study the authors used 3 waves of data obtained from 8th- and 9th-grade adolescents ( = 1,965) to examine the hypotheses that the prospective relationship between witnessing family violence and directly experiencing violence and physical dating aggression perpetration is mediated by 3 constructs: (a) normative beliefs about dating aggression (norms), (b) anger dysregulation, and (c) depression. Results from cross-lagged regression models suggest that the relationship between having been hit by an adult and dating aggression is mediated by changes in norms and anger dysregulation, but not depression.

Predictors of treatment attrition and treatment length in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy in Taiwanese families.

Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) has been used successfully in the United States and in other countries around the world, but its use in Asian countries has been more limited. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the predictors of treatment attrition and length in a sample of Taiwanese caregivers and their children. It is also the first to examine PCIT outcomes in Taiwanese families.

Pilot evaluation of a sexual abuse prevention program for Taiwanese children.

The purpose of the current study was to develop and evaluate the efficacy of a school-based child sexual abuse prevention program for Taiwanese children. Forty-six Taiwanese children age 6 to 13 were divided into one of two groups based on their school grade and then randomly assigned to a skills-based child sexual abuse prevention program who received training immediately or a waiting-list control condition who received the training after a delay. Children's self-protection skills improved regardless of age after participation in the program.

A randomized controlled trial of vapocoolant for pediatric immunization distress relief.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vapocoolant for preschoolers' immunization injection pain relief.

Methods: Fifty-seven 4 to 6-year-old children were randomized into vapocoolant alone or typical care conditions. Pain was measured at the baseline and at injection via self-report, caregiver report, nurse report, and by an observational scale.

Internet use, abuse, and dependence among students at a southeastern regional university.

Objective: To assess Internet use, abuse, and dependence.

Participants: 411 undergraduate students.

Results: Ninety percent of participants reported daily Internet use.

Reliability and validity of an Internet traumatic stress survey with a college student sample.

The reliability and validity of Internet-based questionnaires were assessed in a sample of undergraduates (N = 411) by comparing data collected via the Internet with data collected in a more traditional format. A 2 x 2 x 2 repeated measures factorial design was used, forming four groups: Paper-Paper, Paper-Internet, Internet-Paper, and Internet-Internet. Scores on measures of trauma exposure, depression, and posttraumatic stress symptoms formed the dependent variables.

Differential dimensions of death anxiety in nursing students with and without nursing experience.

Researchers have demonstrated death anxiety in nursing professionals; however, it is unclear as to when this anxiety develops. This study used a multidimensional measure to investigate death anxiety in a group of experienced (n = 53) and inexperienced (n = 49) nursing students and a control group of non-nursing students (n = 50). Experienced nursing students reported significantly more fear of the dying process than inexperienced nursing students and controls whereas both experienced and inexperienced nursing students reported more fear of the unknown than controls.