Target product profiles for neonatal care devices: systematic development and outcomes with NEST360 and UNICEF.

Background: Medical devices are critical to providing high-quality, hospital-based newborn care, yet many of these devices are unavailable in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) and are not designed to be suitable for these settings. Target Product Profiles (TPPs) are often utilised at an early stage in the medical device development process to enable user-defined performance characteristics for a given setting. TPPs can also be applied to assess the profile and match of existing devices for a given context.

A scoping review of research on policies to address child undernutrition in the Millennium Development Goals era.

Objective: The breadth of research on the impact of nutrition-specific policies to address child undernutrition is not well documented. This review maps the evidence base and identifies gaps on such policies.

Design: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, PAIS Index for public policy, Scopus and Web of Science databases to identify eligible studies.

The development and implementation of an oxygen treatment solution for health facilities in low and middle-income countries.

Background: Oxygen reduces mortality from severe pneumonia and is a vital part of case management, but achieving reliable access to oxygen is challenging in low and middle-income country (LMIC) settings. We developed and field tested two oxygen supply solutions suitable for the realities of LMIC health facilities.

Methods: A Health Needs Assessment identified a technology gap preventing reliable oxygen supplies in Gambian hospitals.

Maternal and Fetal Outcomes With Early Neuraxial Engagement in Obese Parturients.

Research indicates the combination of obesity and pregnancy is correlated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The clinical inquiry of this study was: Does early neuraxial placement in obese parturients decrease the rate of cesarean delivery, decrease use of general anesthesia, and improve fetal Apgar scores? A retrospective analysis of 212 obese parturients with neuraxial anesthesia based on cervical dilation at time of placement and low-intervention delivery was conducted to evaluate the impact of early neuraxial intervention. The study site was a university-affiliated women and children's hospital in the US Midwest.

Operations research in global health: a scoping review with a focus on the themes of health equity and impact.

Background: Operations research (OR) is a discipline that uses advanced analytical methods (e.g. simulation, optimisation, decision analysis) to better understand complex systems and aid in decision-making.

Estimating oxygen needs for childhood pneumonia in developing country health systems: a new model for expecting the unexpected.

Background: Planning for the reliable and cost-effective supply of a health service commodity such as medical oxygen requires an understanding of the dynamic need or 'demand' for the commodity over time. In developing country health systems, however, collecting longitudinal clinical data for forecasting purposes is very difficult. Furthermore, approaches to estimating demand for supplies based on annual averages can underestimate demand some of the time by missing temporal variability.

Continuous multiorgan variability analysis to track severity of organ failure in critically ill patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of using continuous heart rate variability (HRV) and respiratory rate variability (RRV) monitoring for (a) tracking daily organ dysfunction in critically ill patients and (b) identifying patterns of variability changes during onset of shock and resolution of respiratory failure.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-three critically ill patients experiencing respiratory and/or cardiac failure underwent continuous recording of their electrocardiogram and capnogram (CO2) waveforms from admission or intubation until discharge (maximum 14 days). HRV and RRV were computed in 5-minute overlapping windows, using Continuous Individualized Multi-organ Variability Analysis software.

NASN position statement: Sexual orientation and gender identity/expression (sexual minority students): school nurse practice.

It is the position of the National Association of School Nurses that all students, regardless of their sexual orientation or the sexual orientation of their parents and family members, are entitled to a safe school environment and equal opportunities for a high level of academic achievement and school participation/involvement. Sexual minority persons are those who identify themselves as gay, lesbian, or bisexual (LGB) or are unsure of their sexual orientation, or those who have had sexual contact with persons of the same sex or both sexes (Kann et al., 2011).

Do health and education agencies in the United States share responsibility for academic achievement and health? A review of 25 years of evidence about the relationship of adolescents' academic achievement and health behaviors.

Purpose: The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention monitors health-risk behaviors of adolescents in United States, which include (1) violence; (2) tobacco use; (3) alcohol and other drug use; (4) sexual behaviors contributing to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases; (5) inadequate physical activity; and (6) unhealthy dietary behaviors. We reviewed original research published in peer-reviewed journals between 1985 and 2010 to synthesize evidence about the association of adolescent health-risk behaviors and academic achievement.

Methods: Using predetermined selection criteria, 122 articles were included that used at least one variable for health-risk behaviors and also for academic achievement.

Impact of sedation and organ failure on continuous heart and respiratory rate variability monitoring in critically ill patients: a pilot study.

Objective: Our aim is to better characterize the impact of sedation and its interruption on continuously monitored heart rate variability and respiratory rate variability in critically ill patients. We aim to explore whether sedation reduces heart rate variability and respiratory rate variability in critically ill patients and whether the extent of reduction depends on degree of organ dysfunction.

Design: Prospective observational pilot study.

Feasibility of continuous multiorgan variability analysis in the intensive care unit.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of continuous heart and respiratory rate variability (HRV and RRV, respectively) monitoring in critically ill patients derived from electrocardiogram (ECG) and end-tidal capnography (etCO(2)) waveforms.

Methods: Thirty-four patients (age, 56.5 ± 15.

A correlational study of the relationship between a coordinated school health program and school achievement: a case for school health.

The study was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between the Coordinated School Health Program (CSHP) and student academic performance. Data were collected from schools and the community for three reports for 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). The School Health Policies and Programs Survey (SHPPS), the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), and the U.