Loneliness and social anxiety in the general population over time - results of a cross-lagged panel analysis.

Background: Loneliness has become a major public health issue of the recent decades due to its severe impact on health and mortality. Little is known about the relation between loneliness and social anxiety. This study aimed (1) to explore levels of loneliness and social anxiety in the general population, and (2) to assess whether and how loneliness affects symptoms of social anxiety and vice versa over a period of five years.

Mental health symptoms and burdens after a SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Background: Previous studies have found adverse effects on mental health following infection with SARS-CoV-2. This study investigates whether mental health is also impaired in unknowingly infected individuals. In addition, the relevance of the severity of the infection and the time since the onset of infection were analyzed.

[Institutionalised Pre-School Childcare and Reported Maltreatment: A Survey in East Germany].

Child abuse increases the risk of adult mental health problems. Limited research explores the association of early institutional childhood care in the GDR with experienced childhood abuse and mediates anxiety and depression in adulthood. The sample includes N=1743 individuals born in the GDR (1949-1983).

Different risk and protective factors predict change of planning ability in middle versus older age.

Age-related cognitive decline has become an increasingly relevant public health issue. However, risk and protective factors of cognitive decline have yet to be investigated prospectively taking into account genetic, lifestyle, physical and mental health factors. Population-based data from middle-aged (40 to 59 years; N = 2,764) and older individuals (60 to 80 years; N = 1,254) were drawn from a prospective community cohort study using the Tower of London (TOL) planning task.

The interplay of personality pathology and treatment outcome in psychosomatic psychotherapy: A longitudinal analysis using latent change score modelling.

Introduction: While ample data demonstrate the effectiveness of inpatient psychosomatic treatment, clinical observation and empirical evidence demonstrate that not all patients benefit equally from established therapeutic methods. Especially patients with a comorbid personality disorder often show reduced therapeutic success compared to other patient groups. Due to the heterogeneous and categorical personality assessment, previous studies indicated no uniform direction of this influence.

Associations of preterm birth and neonatal stress exposure with chronic pain in adulthood - Results from the Gutenberg prematurity study.

Although the effect of early childhood stress on central nervous pain processing is well known, studies on the association of prematurity and chronic pain are scarce. This study used data from a single-centre retrospective cohort study followed by a prospective clinical examination and pain assessment. The study was based on data from the local birth registry.

Development and validation of a brief three-item form of the perceived social support questionnaire (F-SozU K-3).

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a brief screening instrument (F-SozU K-3) for the measurement of perceived social support in large scale surveys by shortening a well-established German questionnaire (F-SozU K-6).

Method: First, a brief three-item version of the F-SozU was developed based on a representative sample of = 2482 respondents using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Second, the newly developed brief three-item questionnaire was evaluated and standardized in an independent second representative population sample ( = 2501).

Psychometric evaluation of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) over the course of the pandemic in a large German general population sample.

Background: The Brief Resilience Coping Scale (BRCS) is a brief instrument suitable for epidemiological studies. The aims of this paper were to analyze changes in BRCS depending on time, sex, age group, relationship status, as well as risk of poverty, to test the psychometric properties including test-retest reliability and measurement invariance, and to determine associations with psychosocial stress, depressiveness, anxiety, social support, as well as subjective mental and physical health. As the data from this study was collected during the pandemic, an additional sensitivity analysis was performed with pre-pandemic data.

Change of self-rated physical health predicts mortality in aging individuals: results of a population-based cohort study.

Background: Self-rated physical health (SRPH) is known as an important predictor of mortality. Previous studies mostly used baseline values of self-rated health to predict long-term mortality. The effect of change in self-rated physical health on mortality during the course of aging has rarely been researched.

Childhood trauma and differential response to long-term psychoanalytic versus cognitive-behavioural therapy for chronic depression in adults.

Background: Childhood trauma is a major risk factor for chronic depression. It has been suggested that adults with chronic depression who have experienced childhood trauma may require long-term treatment owing to a breakdown of basic trust and related difficulties in developing a productive therapeutic relationship.

Aims: As empirical studies have been preliminary and scarce, we studied the effects of psychoanalytic therapy (PAT) versus cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for chronic depression in adults with a history of childhood trauma.

Convenience behavior in German university students is associated with sociodemographic, study- and health-related factors.

Background: The transition from school to university is often accompanied by a change in students' lifestyles. So far little is known whether convenience behavior is an essential factor affecting students' health and social interaction. In a heterogeneous population regard to sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics the Convenience Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) showed a better relationship between convenience-related behavior with overweight and obesity than established questionnaires.

Socially isolated, but not lonely in lockdown: Exploring the role of reflective functioning as a protective factor in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

Introduction: Loneliness is a pressing public mental health issue. So far, there has been a paucity of investigations focused on the individual differences modulating this subjective feeling in the face of difficult circumstances, e.g.

Noise annoyance due to different sources is associated with tinnitus presence and distress in the general population.

Background: The pathophysiology of tinnitus is not yet fully understood. Although there is a large amount of evidence associating traffic noise exposure with non-auditory health outcomes, there is no evidence regarding the impact of noise annoyance on auditory disorders such as tinnitus.

Objective: Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between noise annoyance due to different sources and tinnitus presence and distress in the general population.

Recalled Maternal Rearing Behaviour of Individuals Born Preterm and Their Mothers: The Impact of Intimate Mother-Child Contact.

: Preterm birth is a risk factor for a variety of detrimental health outcomes. Previous studies have identified recalled (or remembered) parental rearing behaviour as a potential modifier of preterm individuals' mental health in adulthood. However, no investigations to date have contrasted the parents' and children's views, explored whether their congruence is associated with preterm individuals' mental health, or tested associations with maternal self-reported first skin-on-skin contact.

Social support in older adults: Validation and norm values of a brief form of the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU K-6).

Background: Social relations are crucial for maintaining physical and mental health across the life span. As social roles, networks and needs change with age a valid assessment of social support in older adults and age-specific norms are necessary. The present work aims to [1) assess the level of social support in individuals > 60 years of the general German population, [2) evaluate the brief six-item form of the Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (F-SozU K-6) in this age group and to [3) provide age-specific norm values.

Impact of depersonalization on the course of depression: longitudinal observations from the gutenberg health study.

Background: Symptoms of depersonalization (DP) and derealization (DR) are a risk factor for more severe impairment, non-response to various treatments, and a chronic course. In this study, we investigated the effects of DP/DR symptoms in patients with clinically significant depressive symptoms on clinical characteristics and various outcomes in a representative population-based sample with a 5-year follow-up.

Methods: The middle-aged sample comprised n = 10,422 persons at baseline, of whom n = 9,301 were free from depressive and DP/DR symptoms.