Factors Affecting User's Behavioral Intention and Use of a Mobile-Phone-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: A Small-Scale UTAUT Analysis.

A mobile app could be a powerful medium for providing individual support for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), as well as facilitating therapy adherence. Little is known about factors that may explain the acceptance and uptake of such applications. This study, therefore, examines factors from an extended version of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model to explain variation between people's behavioral intention to use a CBT for insomnia (CBT-I) app and their use-behavior.

A Rationale for a Gamified E-Coach Application to Decrease the Consumption of Sugar Sweetened Beverages.

The design and implementation of applications for behavior change should be preceded by careful analysis of the behavior change process and the target population. We, therefore, present on the basis of a blended research approach a rationale, opportunities and basic requirements for an application that offers a program for reducing intake of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) by adolescents. This paper discusses the role of e-coaching and gamification as two high-touch design patterns in the behavior change process.

Reminders make people adhere better to a self-help sleep intervention.

The experiment presented in this paper investigated the effects of different kinds of reminders on adherence to automated parts of a cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) delivered via a mobile device. Previous studies report that computerized health interventions can be effective. However, treatment adherence is still an issue.

Mobile Phone-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia: A Randomized Waitlist Controlled Trial.

Background: This study is one of the first randomized controlled trials investigating cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) delivered by a fully automated mobile phone app. Such an app can potentially increase the accessibility of insomnia treatment for the 10% of people who have insomnia.

Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate the efficacy of CBT-I delivered via the Sleepcare mobile phone app, compared with a waitlist control group, in a randomized controlled trial.

Adherence to Technology-Mediated Insomnia Treatment: A Meta-Analysis, Interviews, and Focus Groups.

Background: Several technologies have been proposed to support the reduction of insomnia complaints. A user-centered assessment of these technologies could provide insight into underlying factors related to treatment adherence.

Objective: Gaining insight into adherence to technology-mediated insomnia treatment as a solid base for improving those adherence rates by applying adherence-enhancing strategies.

Translation of random painful stimuli into numerical responses in fibromyalgia and perioperative patients.

Number-based assessment tools are used to evaluate pain perception in patients and determine the effect of pain management. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of chronic and acute pain patients to score their response to randomly applied noxious stimuli and assess the effect of opioid treatment. Thirty-seven healthy controls, 30 fibromyalgia patients, and 62 postoperative patients with acute pain received random heat pain (Hp) and electrical pain (Ep) stimuli.

Meta-analysis of digital game and study characteristics eliciting physiological stress responses.

Digital games have been used as stressors in a range of disciplines for decades. Nonetheless, the underlying characteristics of these stressors and the study in which the stressor was applied are generally not recognized for their moderating effect on the measured physiological stress responses. We have therefore conducted a meta-analysis that analyzes the effects of characteristics of digital game stressors and study design on heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, in studies carried out from 1976 to 2012.

GASICA: generic automated stress induction and control application design of an application for controlling the stress state.

In a multitude of research and therapy paradigms it is relevant to know, and desirably to control, the stress state of a patient or participant. Examples include research paradigms in which the stress state is the dependent or independent variable, or therapy paradigms where this state indicates the boundaries of the therapy. To our knowledge, no application currently exists that focuses specifically on the automated control of the stress state while at the same time being generic enough to be used in various therapy and research purposes.

Selective estrogen receptor modulator effects in the rat brain.

The effects in the brain of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) such as tamoxifen and raloxifene have not yet been fully elucidated. Based upon the hypothesis that serotonin (5-HT)-steroid hormone interactions are important in mood regulation, we have compared six SERMs (tamoxifen, raloxifene, levormeloxifene, NNC 45-0781, NNC 45-0320, NNC 45-1506) with 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) in terms of their ability to regulate mRNA levels of estrogen receptor (ER)alpha, ER beta, 5-HT(1A) receptor, and 5-HT reuptake transporter (SERT) in the midbrain, amygdala, and hypothalamus of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Female rats (n = 6/group, 8 groups total) were OVX and allowed to recover for 2 weeks.

Comparison of hypericum extracts with imipramine and fluoxetine in animal models of depression and alcoholism.

Clinical evidence suggests that hypericum extracts (Hypericum perforatum L., St. John's wort) have antidepressive properties and may offer an interesting alternative for the treatment of mood disorders.

Hormones of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in drug discrimination learning.

More than 30 years ago, T-maze studies with progesterone indicated that sex hormones have the potential to act as a discriminative stimulus in rats. Despite these early positive findings, the interest in discriminative stimulus properties of sex hormones remained low; few studies were dedicated to the investigation of discriminative stimulus properties of hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis hormones (i.e.

Discriminative and affective stimulus effects of dihydropyridine calcium channel modulators: relationship to antialcohol effects.

Voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs) have been implicated in alcoholism. Thus, dihydropyridine (DHP) VOCC antagonists, such as nimodipine, reduce ethanol (EtOH) intake and preference in a variety of animal models of alcoholism. Paradoxically, the DHP VOCC agonist BAY k 8644 also demonstrates antialcohol effects in such models.

5-HT2A and 5-HT2C/5-HT1B receptors are differentially involved in alcohol preference and consummatory behavior in cAA rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors in the control of alcohol preference and consummatory behavior in alcohol-preferring cAA rats. Effects of the 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor agonist, DOI, the 5-HT(2C/1B) receptor agonist, mCPP, the 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor antagonist, ritanserin, and the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, MDL 100,907, on ethanol (EtOH, 10% v/v) preference and intake, as well as total fluid and food intake were evaluated in a 12-h limited-access two-bottle paradigm. DOI (0.

Long-term alcohol self-administration and alcohol withdrawal differentially modulate microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) gene expression in the rat brain.

Chronic alcohol intoxication is known to produce neuronal degeneration in the central and peripheral nervous system of experimental animals and of humans. It is suggested that various components of the cytoskeleton undergo profound changes following chronic alcohol use and misuse. Here we studied the expression of the neuronal cytoskeletal microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) following long-term alcohol consumption and subsequent alcohol withdrawal.

The calcium channel agonist BAY k 8644 reduces ethanol intake and preference in alcohol-preferring AA rats.

Applying a 12-h limited access, two-bottle choice procedure, antialcohol effects of the 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) L-type calcium (Ca2+) channel agonist BAY k 8644 were investigated in alcohol-preferring AA rats. In this Wistar line, selectively bred for a high 10% v/v ethanol (EtOH) preference in a free choice situation, effects on EtOH preference and intake, as well as on food and total fluid intake were evaluated for racemic BAY k 8644 (0.1-1 mg/kg IP; 0.

Stimulus properties of the L-type calcium channel agonist BAY k 8644 in rats.

Calcium (Ca(2+)) channels appear to be involved in the regulation of ethanol (EtOH) intake, as indicated by the effectiveness of both L-type Ca(2+) channel antagonists and agonists in reducing EtOH intake in animals. The present study was aimed to investigate rewarding/aversive and discriminative stimulus effects of the Ca(2+) channel agonist BAY k 8644, a compound showing pronounced anti-alcohol effects in rats. Therefore, a series of conditioned taste aversion (CTA), conditioned place preference (CPP) and two-lever drug discrimination (DD) experiments were conducted in Wistar rats, with (+/-)-BAY k 8644 and its enantiomers.

Conditioned taste aversion and place preference induced by the calcium channel antagonist nimodipine in rats.

It has become clear that various calcium channel antagonists are able to suppress excessive intake of ethanol in rats. With respect to these findings, it has become of interest whether these drugs can act as rewarding and/or aversive stimulus. Therefore, such affective stimulus effects of the L-type calcium channel antagonist nimodipine and its enantiomers were studied in Wistar rats in a series of conditioned taste aversion (CTA; two-bottle choice procedure) and conditioned place preference (CPP; two-compartment procedure) experiments.

Comparison of the stimulus properties of ethanol and the Ca2+ channel antagonist nimodipine in rats.

A variety of L-type Ca2+ channel antagonists, including the dihydropyridine derivative nimodipine, have been shown to be effective in reducing ethanol intake and preference in animal models of alcoholism. The behavioral mechanism involved in the anti-alcohol effects of nimodipine are, however, not clear yet. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility that the effects of nimodipine on ethanol intake are based on stimulus substitution.

Effects of nimodipine and other calcium channel antagonists in alcohol-preferring AA rats.

Several lines of evidence suggest that L-type calcium (CA2+) channels play a role in excessive ethanol (EtOH) intake. In accordance with this, a considerable amount of antagonists for these ion channels has been found to suppress EtOH intake and preference in various animal models of alcoholism. The aim of the present study was to examine antialcohol effects of L-type Ca2+ channel antagonists in alcohol-preferring AA rats.

Ethanol intake-reducing effects of ipsapirone in rats are not due to simple stimulus substitution.

The present series of experiments was conducted to investigate whether the previously reported ethanol intake reducing effects of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist ipsapirone could be based on possible stimulus similarities between both compounds. Rats were trained to discriminate ethanol (12.5% w/v, 1000 mg/kg, IP) from saline in a two-lever food-reinforced drug discrimination (DD) procedure.

Stimulus characterization of estradiol applying a crossfamiliarization taste aversion procedure in female mice.

In female mice (n = 240), the estradiol stimulus was characterized by studying preexposure effects of sex steroids and sickness-inducing drugs on estradiol-induced (50 micrograms/kg SC) conditioned taste aversion (CTA). It was established that preexposure to estradiol itself (2-50 micrograms/kg SC) attenuates the development of CTA produced by the hormone. Only partial crossfamiliarization effects were found with progesterone (50-200 micrograms/kg SC) and testosterone (250-1000 micrograms/kg SC), steroids that induce CTA themselves.

Cross-familiarisation conditioned taste aversion procedure as a method to reveal stimulus resemblance between drugs: studies on the 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT.

In the present study a cross-familiarisation conditioned taste aversion (CTA) paradigm was utilized to reveal stimulus resemblance between the selective 5-HT1A agonist 8-OHDPAT and a variety of serotonergic and non-serotonergic drugs. In male mice, a 0.22 mg/kg dose of 8-OHDPAT was used as the reference compound inducing CTA.

Intracerebroventricular LHRH may serve as a discriminative stimulus in male rats.

Male Wistar rats (N = 16) were trained to discriminate 5 micrograms/kg LHRH, injected intraperitoneally, from saline in a two-lever, food-reinforced drug discrimination procedure, with an injection-session interval of 45 min. Reliable discrimination of LHRH was acquired within 60 training sessions. Subsequent generalization tests in brain-cannulated animals showed dose-dependent and time-related partial substitution of intracerebroventricular LHRH for intraperitoneal LHRH (ventricle doses ranged from 25-400 ng, and the injection-session intervals ranged from 10-40 min).