First-Line Chemo-Immunotherapy in SCLC: Outcomes of a Binational Real-World Study.

Introduction: SCLC is characterized by aggressiveness and limited treatment options, especially in extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). Immunotherapy added to the platinum-etoposide combination has recently become standard in this setting. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of chemo-immunotherapy in patients with ES-SCLC, focusing on subpopulations excluded from clinical trials.

Actionable NSCLC Mutation Identification by Comprehensive Genomic Profiling for Clinical Trial Enrollment: The European Program for the Routine Testing of Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer (EPROPA).

Introduction: The advocacy Women Against Lung Cancer in Europe (WALCE) promoted the European Program for the Routine Testing of Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer (EPROPA) and provided a free-of-charge molecular profiling platform for NSCLC sample characterization with the aim of increasing the detection of targetable drivers and improving patients' access to clinical trials in Europe.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2023, 20 centers located at five different European countries (Greece, Slovenia, Romania, Albania, and Italy) joined EPROPA, with 555 patients with advanced NSCLC registered to the program. Anonymized patients' clinical-pathological data were shared through the EPROPA web platform and tissue samples were collected at the Molecular Pathology Unit of the Reference Center (University of Turin) for molecular analyses.

Identifying the drivers of overall rating of cancer care: Insights from the second wave of the Swiss Cancer Patient Experiences study.

Background: Patient experience surveys gather information on various aspects of care via numerous survey items. Identifying the most critical areas of patient experience to prioritize for quality care improvement can be challenging. The objective of this study was to determine which care experience items are the drivers influencing patients' overall rating of cancer care.

Injectable biodegradable microcarriers for iPSC expansion and cardiomyocyte differentiation.

Cell therapy is a potential novel treatment for cardiac regeneration and numerous studies have attempted to transplant cells to regenerate the myocardium lost during myocardial infarction. To date, only minimal improvements to cardiac function have been reported. This is likely to be the result of low cell retention and survival following transplantation.

CT-Visible Microspheres Enable Whole-Body In Vivo Tracking of Injectable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds.

Targeted delivery and retention are essential requirements for implantable tissue-engineered products. Non-invasive imaging methods that can confirm location, retention, and biodistribution of transplanted cells attached to implanted tissue engineering scaffolds will be invaluable for the optimization and enhancement of regenerative therapies. To address this need, an injectable tissue engineering scaffold consisting of highly porous microspheres compatible with transplantation of cells is modified to contain the computed tomography (CT) contrast agent barium sulphate (BaSO).

Chemical and olfactometric inventory of gaseous spot vents in Mt. Amiata volcanic-geothermal area (Italy).

Geothermal areas are typically characterised by the presence of gases and odours in the background atmosphere, stemming from natural emissions and possible mining exploitation of the area. This study presents the first olfactometric investigation of endogenous gas emissions from natural and archaeo-industrial vents in a geothermal area. Mt.

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of modified vaccinia Ankara pre-exposure vaccination against mpox according to previous smallpox vaccine exposure and HIV infection: prospective cohort study.

Background: Pre-exposure vaccination with MVA-BN has been widely used against mpox to contain the 2022 outbreak. Many countries have defined prioritized strategies, administering a single dose to those historically vaccinated for smallpox, to achieve quickly adequate coverage in front of low supplies. Using epidemiological models, real-life effectiveness was estimated at approximately 36%-86%, but no clinical trials were performed.

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Post-Eradication Program in the Autonomous Province of Bolzano, Italy: A Retrospective Study on Potential Bovine Herpesvirus Type 2 Cross-Reactivity.

Bovine alphaherpesviruses, BoAHV, can cause respiratory, genital and neurological disorders. In particular, bovine alphaherpesvirus type 1 (BoAHV1) is one of the most significant ruminant pathogens worldwide and it can heavily damage the livestock industry. BoAHV1 can cause infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) along with fertility disorders.

Evaluation of Cross-Immunity to the Mpox Virus Due to Historic Smallpox Vaccination.

When the Mpox virus (MPXV) began spreading globally in 2022, it became critical to evaluate whether residual immunity from smallpox vaccination provided cross-protection. To assess the cross-immune response to MPXV, we collected serum samples ( = 97) and PBMCs ( = 30) from healthy-donors, either born before 1974 and reporting smallpox vaccination during childhood or born after 1975 and not vaccinated with Vaccinia virus (VACV)-based vaccines. We evaluated the levels of anti-MPXV IgG and neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) and the presence of a T cell response against MPXV.

Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay Half-Life of ^{76}Ge.

We present the measurement of the two-neutrino double-β decay rate of ^{76}Ge performed with the GERDA Phase II experiment. With a subset of the entire GERDA exposure, 11.8 kg yr, the half-life of the process has been determined: T_{1/2}^{2ν}=(2.

Search for tri-nucleon decays of Ge in GERDA.

We search for tri-nucleon decays of Ge in the dataset from the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Decays that populate excited levels of the daughter nucleus above the threshold for particle emission lead to disintegration and are not considered. The ppp-, ppn-, and pnn-decays lead to Cu, Zn, and Ga nuclei, respectively.

Profiling the acute phase antibody response against mpox virus in patients infected during the 2022 outbreak.

Information on the immune response during the mpox virus (MPXV) infection is still scarce or limited to past studies when cross-reactive immunity from smallpox vaccination was predominant. Here, we describe the short-term kinetics of the antibody response in patients with acute MPXV infection during the 2022 multicountry outbreak. A total of 64 samples from 18 MPXV-positive patients were longitudinally collected from the day of symptom onset (DSO) up to 20 days after and tested for anti-MPXV immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies (nAb) using the whole-live virus isolated in May 2022.

Liquid argon light collection and veto modeling in GERDA Phase II.

The ability to detect liquid argon scintillation light from within a densely packed high-purity germanium detector array allowed the Gerda experiment to reach an exceptionally low background rate in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of Ge. Proper modeling of the light propagation throughout the experimental setup, from any origin in the liquid argon volume to its eventual detection by the novel light read-out system, provides insight into the rejection capability and is a necessary ingredient to obtain robust background predictions. In this paper, we present a model of the Gerda liquid argon veto, as obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and constrained by calibration data, and highlight its application for background decomposition.

Diagnostics of Ebola virus.

Ebola is a highly pathogenic virus, which in humans reaches a mortality rate above 50%. Due to a lack of laboratories in territories where Ebola viruses are endemic and the limited number of surveillance programmes, tests for the confirmation of suspected cases of Ebola are often performed in Reference Laboratories. While this provides guarantees regarding the accuracy of results, the shipment of samples to a centralized facility where the diagnostic test can be performed and the time required to achieve the results takes several days, which increases costs and entails delays in the isolation of positive subjects and therapeutic intervention with negative consequences both for patients and the community.

Kinetics of viral DNA in body fluids and antibody response in patients with acute Monkeypox virus infection.

We report the follow-up laboratory investigation of three MPXV cases infected in May-June 2022 from diagnosis to disease resolution, monitoring viral shedding in different body fluids and antibody kinetics. Out of 138 non-lesion samples, viral DNA was found in 92.3% saliva, 85.

Longitudinal characterisation of B and T-cell immune responses after the booster dose of COVID-19 mRNA-vaccine in people with multiple sclerosis using different disease-modifying therapies.

Background: The decline of humoral response to COVID-19 vaccine led to authorise a booster dose. Here, we characterised the kinetics of B-cell and T-cell immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) after the booster dose.

Methods: We enrolled 22 PwMS and 40 healthcare workers (HCWs) after 4-6 weeks from the booster dose (T3).

A Seroepidemiological Survey of Infection in South Tyrol, Italy.

is the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis, a bacterial infection that can affect livestock. This infection can cause low growth rates and milk yields and reproductive failure, along with the infection of humans, especially those in close contact with the animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the local CLA prevalence, highlighting the parameters for the potential predisposition to infection in goats, and to implement a monitoring program based on the newly acquired scientific evidence.

Booster dose of SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccines strengthens the specific immune response of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A prospective multicenter longitudinal study.

Objectives: To characterize the kinetics of humoral and T-cell responses in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-patients followed up to 4-6 weeks (T3) after the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose.

Methods: Health care workers (HCWs, n = 38) and patients with RA (n = 52) completing the messenger RNA vaccination schedule were enrolled at T3. In each cohort, 25 subjects were sampled after 5 weeks (T1) and 6 months (T2) from the first vaccine dose.

UNcommon EGFR Mutations: International Case Series on Efficacy of Osimertinib in Real-Life Practice in First-LiNe Setting (UNICORN).

Introduction: Approximately 10% of EGFR mutations (EGFRmuts) are uncommon (ucEGFRmuts). We aimed to collect real-world data about osimertinib for patients with ucEGFRmuts.

Methods: This is a multicenter, retrospective study of ucEGFRmut (exon 20 insertions excluded) metastatic NSCLC treated with osimertinib as first EGFR inhibitor.