Determining the fragility of bulk metallic glass forming liquids via modulated DSC.

Temperature modulated DSC is used to study the fragility of three different bulk metallic glass forming liquids. Through applying various modulation frequencies, the dynamic glass transition shifts in temperature, allowing to determine the temperature dependence of the average relaxation time for each system. The resulting fragilities are compared with fragility investigations in literature obtained using thermo-mechanical analysis and the heating rate dependence of the calorimetric glass transition.

Temporal expression pattern of steroid-metabolizing enzymes in bovine COC during in vitro maturation employing different gonadotropin concentrations.

Steroid hormones are regulators in the fine-tuned process of follicular development. During final maturation in vivo a switch from oestradiol (E2) to progesterone (P4) dominance within the follicle is well-described. This change is accompanied by the resumption of meiosis and results in the maturation of the oocyte.

Occurrence of sulfonated steroids and ovarian expression of steroid sulfatase and SULT1E1 in cyclic cows.

Historically sulfonated steroids were primarily considered as inactive metabolites destined for elimination. However, more recently they have been increasingly recognized as precursors for the production of bioactive steroids in target tissues and as functional molecules without preceding hydrolysis. In order to comprehensively characterize their occurrence in cyclic cows and their formation and hydrolysis in bovine ovarian steroidogenesis, ovaries from cyclic cows were screened for the expression of oestrogen sulfotransferase (SULTE1) and steroid sulfatase (STS) by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.

Stability and inactivation of vesicular stomatitis virus, a prototype rhabdovirus.

Viruses may remain infectious outside the host cell for considerable time and represent a source of accidental infection if not properly inactivated. In this study, the survival of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in suspension and dried on surfaces was analyzed. In addition, the sensitivity of VSV to disinfectants and physicochemical changes was investigated.