Photodynamic therapy for oral mucositis in cancer patients- a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in reducing the severity of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis, and associated symptoms in cancer patients compared to standard care or other interventions.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified seven relevant studies (randomized controlled trials and non-randomized clinical trials) published between January 1, 2000, and May 31, 2024. The data analysis was carried out using the standardized mean difference as the outcome measure.

Photodynamic therapy: An emerging therapeutic modality in dentistry.

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a rapidly evolving, non-invasive treatment modality with considerable promise in dental pharmacotherapeutics. This review article comprehensively examines PDT, beginning with its principles and then delving into its diverse applications in dentistry, including periodontal disease, endodontics, oral cancer, dental implants, and dental caries. Each area presents the latest research and discusses the potential benefits and challenges.

Efficacy of Xenogeneic Collagen Matrices in Augmenting Peri-Implant Soft Tissue: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Xenogenic collagen matrices (XCMs) are gaining popularity for soft tissue augmentation in dental implants; yet, gaps exist in our understanding of their comparative effectiveness.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis focuses on studies that utilize soft tissue augmentation techniques for dental implants to improve keratinized mucosa width (KMW), soft tissue thickness (STT), and soft tissue volume (STV). We compared porcine collagen matrices with autogenous grafts when no bone grafts were utilized.

Association between metabolic syndrome and salivary MMP-8, myeloperoxidase in periodontitis.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on periodontal clinical parameters and salivary biomarkers' matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in patients with periodontitis.

Methods: A total of 120 participants aged 25-55 were categorized into three groups: MetS with periodontitis (n = 40); systemically healthy with periodontitis (n = 40); and systemically and periodontally healthy controls (n = 40). Data collected included systemic parameters like waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), high- and low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides (TG), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Oral Candida carriage and resistance against common antifungal agents in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.

Purpose: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients receiving long-term and high-dose immunosuppressive medications suffer commonly from oral candida infections. This prospective cohort study examined oral fungal carriage in HSCT recipients and screened the susceptibility against commonly used antifungal agents. An increasing oral occurrence of Candida spp.

Oral lesions in human monkeypox disease and their management.

Objective: The current outbreak of human monekypox (MPX) in several endemic and non-endemic regions in 2022 has generated significant international attention. Despite the early classification as zoonotic, MPXV has demonstrated the potential for human-to-human transmission through close contact with lesions, body fluids, respiratory droplets, and contaminated materials. Therefore, our objective was to elaborate on the oral lesions in human MPX and their management.

Anaplasmosis in Pennsylvania: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Outcomes of Patients Diagnosed With Infection at Hershey Medical Center From 2008 to 2021.

Anaplasmosis is an emerging infection in the United States and in particular, Pennsylvania. We highlight the abrupt rise in cases of anaplasmosis in the past decade in the state of Pennsylvania with the hope of increasing clinician awareness. We identified a cohort of 61 patients diagnosed with anaplasmosis at our institution as well as cases reported to the Department of Health.

Perceptions of Indian Healthcare Practitioners Regarding the 2022 Outbreak of Monkeypox Disease.

Introduction Although only a few cases of monkeypox have been reported in India so far, it is vital for healthcare practitioners to have sufficient knowledge about its epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the perception of Indian healthcare practitioners regarding the 2022 outbreak of monkeypox disease. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 500 medical and dental practitioners from various regions of Kerala, India.

Antimicrobial Prescription Patterns among Oral Implantologists of Kerala, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background And Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance is a grave public health concern, and it is important to optimize the use of antimicrobials in dental surgeries. Antimicrobial prescriptions in dental implant placements are often empiric and not guided by consensus or specific guidelines. The aim of this study was to elucidate antibiotic prescribing patterns among oral implantologists.

Detection of invisible dental biofilm using light-induced autofluorescence in adult patients-A systematic review.

Background: Autofluorescence (AF) spectroscopy is a potent yet non-invasive technique with diagnostic and therapeutic applications. It identifies and characterizes changes occurring in the human body based on the changes in the fluorescence signatures.

Aim: The primary purpose of this systematic review is to address the question "Is it feasible to detect dental plaque using light-induced auto-fluorescence in adult patients with invisible grade 1 plaque?"

Materials And Methods: The literature search was conducted independently MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for relevant studies from January 2000 and June 2021, using the following terms in various combinations: detection, dental biofilm, plaque, light, auto-fluorescence, caries, gingivitis, sensitivity and specificity.

Does periodontitis influence the risk of COVID-19? A scoping review.

Objective: Research has shown that the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) significantly influences the oral microbiome to expedite systemic diseases by invading harmful oral pathogens near and distant organs. To identify, explore, and map the possible mechanisms underlying periodontitis in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases.

Material And Methods: Relevant articles published from December 2019 to February 2022 were identified and screened using keywords and inclusion criteria from various databases.

Nitric Oxide in the Management of Respiratory Consequences in COVID-19: A Scoping Review of a Different Treatment Approach.

The severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus causing COVID-19 significantly affects the respiratory functions of infected individuals by massively disrupting the pulmonary oxygenation and activating the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, inducing severe oxidative stress, enhanced vascular permeability, and endothelial dysfunction which have rendered researchers and clinicians to depend on prophylactic treatment due to the unavailability of proper disease management approaches. Previous studies have indicated that nitric oxide (NO) application appears to be significant concerning the antiviral activities, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties in relieving disease-related symptoms. To identify, explore, and map the literature on the role of nitric oxide in the management of respiratory consequences in COVID-19 through this scoping review, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed during the search to answer the focal question: "What are the potential uses of nitric oxide in the management of respiratory failure in COVID-19?" Administering exogenous NO in the form of inhaled gas or stimulating the system to produce NO appears to be a suitable option to manage COVID-19-induced pneumonia and respiratory illness.

Correlation between Salivary Levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3, IGF-1/IGFBP3 Ratio with Skeletal Maturity Using Hand-Wrist Radiographs.

Objective: The relevance of growth determination in orthodontics is driving the search for the most precise and least invasive way of tracking the pubertal growth spurt. Our aim was to explore whether minimally invasive salivary estimation of biomarkers Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) could be used to estimate skeletal maturity for clinical convenience, especially in children and adolescent age groups. Materials and Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 participants (56 girls and 34 males) with ages ranging from 6 to 25 years.

Comparison of Salivary IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and CTX with Periodontal Status among Patients Belonging to Various Skeletal Maturity Groups.

Purpose: To compare the levels of salivary IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and CTX with periodontal status among patients belonging to various skeletal maturity groups.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 participants 6 to 25 years of age. Based on skeletal maturity, the participants were categorised into 3 different stages: prepubertal, pubertal, and post-pubertal stages.

Bioluminescence and ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by oral biofilm in ICU during COVID-19 -Is there a possible relationship?

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been claiming many lives in the intensive care unit (ICU) during COVID-19. Oral biofilm and bacterial contamination that can be passed on from the oral cavity to the lungs during endotracheal intubation has been found to be the main culprit. Bioluminescence-based assays are emerging as potential clinical diagnostics methods.

Corticosteroid therapy for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Corticosteroid treatment is an effective and common therapeutic strategy for various inflammatory lung pathologies and may be an effective treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature was to investigate the clinical outcomes associated with corticosteroid treatment of COVID-19.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, medRxiv, Web of Science, and Scopus databases through March 10, 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of corticosteroid therapies for COVID-19 treatment.