Traumatic pediatric cervical spine injury-a proposed clearance algorithm incorporating a 24-h time delay.

Purpose: Pediatric cervical spine injury (pCSI) is rare. Physiological differences necessitate alternate management from adults. Yet, no standardized pediatric protocols exist.

Clinical outcomes following acute sore throat assessment at community pharmacy versus general practice: a retrospective, longitudinal, data linkage study.

Background: To date, no research has compared longer-term outcomes (antibiotic provision; re-consultations; hospital admissions for quinsy; cost-effectiveness) following presentation with acute sore throat at general practice (GP) versus newer, pharmacy-led services.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of sore throat consultations between 1 November 2018 and 28 February 2020 either with the Wales pharmacy-led sore throat test and treat (STTT) service or with a healthcare professional at GP. Individual-level pharmacy consultation data from the national Choose Pharmacy IT application were securely uploaded to the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank and linked to routinely collected, anonymized, population-scale, individual-level, anonymized health and administrative data.

Representative Public Health Surveys Pose Several Challenges: Lessons Learned Across 9 Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Community surveillance surveys offer an opportunity to obtain important and timely public health information that may help local municipalities guide their response to public health threats. The objective of this paper is to present approaches, challenges, and solutions from SARS-CoV-2 surveillance surveys conducted in different settings by 2 research teams. For rapid assessment of a representative sample, a 2-stage cluster sampling design was developed by an interdisciplinary team of researchers at Oregon State University between April 2020 and June 2021 across 6 Oregon communities.

Preoperative Ultrasound-Guided Localization of the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve: From Guide Wire to Novel Clip.

Background And Objective: Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) decompression and transposition are surgical treatment options for meralgia paresthetica. Identifying the LFCN during surgery may be challenging, and preoperative localization is a valuable adjunct in this case. The objective of this study was to explore a new technique using preoperative ultrasound-guided clip localization (USCL) of the LFCN.

Childhood Outcomes in Children with and without Cardiac Echogenic Foci: An Electronic Birth Cohort Study in Wales, UK.

There is uncertainty about outcomes associated with cardiac echogenic foci (CEF) seen at the midtrimester ultrasound scan because of limited population-based follow-up data. This can lead to unnecessary invasive testing and significant parental anxiety. We analysed data from a cohort study, The Welsh Study of Mothers and Babies, to examine whether children with CEF had more adverse outcomes during childhood compared with children without CEF.

A combined, supraclavicular, infraclavicular, transaxillary, and posterior subscapular approaches for resection of giant myxofibrosarcoma.

Background: Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a rare and locally infiltrative tumor that commonly occurs in extremities in older adults; however, truncal and head and neck cases have been reported. They are characterized by multinodular growth, incomplete fibrous septa, and myxoid stroma. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment.

Evaluation of a Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Approach to Estimate the Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infections and the Detection of Viral Variants in Disparate Oregon Communities at City and Neighborhood Scales.

Background: Positive correlations have been reported between wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations and a community's burden of infection, disease or both. However, previous studies mostly compared wastewater to clinical case counts or nonrepresentative convenience samples, limiting their quantitative potential.

Objectives: This study examined whether wastewater SARS-CoV-2 concentrations could provide better estimations for SARS-CoV-2 community prevalence than reported cases of COVID-19.

Supratentorial ependymoma, zinc finger translocation-associated fusion positive, with extensive synaptophysin immunoreactivity arising from malignant transformation of clear cell ependymoma: A case report.

Background: We describe a case of a supratentorial ependymoma, zinc finger translocation-associated () fusion positive with extensive synaptophysin immunoreactivity arising from malignant transformation of an ependymoma with clear cell features in a patient with long-term follow-up.

Case Description: A 55-year-old woman presented with seizures and ataxia 15 years after an initial resection of a clear cell ependymoma, Grade 2. Imaging demonstrated an enhancing right paracentral mass and the patient underwent biopsy and resection.

The effect of stretching exercises on the fibre angle of the vastus lateralis and vastus medialis oblique: an ultrasound study.

[Purpose] To investigate the effects of a seven-week quadriceps stretching program on the muscle fibre orientation of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis in the lower limbs by ultrasound imaging. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-seven healthy, physically fit, asymptomatic females and males (age 21.5 ± 1.

Stent retriever versus direct aspiration thrombectomy for acute large vessel occlusion: A meta-analysis including 17,556 patients, from MR CLEAN to present.

Objective: Stent retriever (SR) and direct aspiration (DA) mechanical thrombectomy (MT) improve clinical outcomes for stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. The purpose is to perform an updated meta-analysis comparing the two techniques.

Methods: PubMed database was searched for studies between January 1, 2015, and July 5th, 2021 with mechanical thrombectomy to treat acute ischemic stroke.

A systematic review of symptomatic small bowel lipomas of the jejunum and ileum.

Introduction: Small bowel lipomas are rarely encountered benign adipose growths found within the small intestine wall or mesentery. Limited up-to-date evidence exists regarding such lipomas. We aim to aid clinical decision-making and improve patient outcomes through this comprehensive review.

A prospective cohort study of in utero and early childhood arsenic exposure and infectious disease in 4- to 5-year-old Bangladeshi children.

Background: Previous research found that infants who were exposed to high levels of arsenic in utero had an increased risk of infectious disease in the first year of life. This prospective study examined the association between arsenic exposures during gestation, and respiratory, diarrheal, and febrile morbidity in children 4-5 years of age.

Methods: A cohort of pregnant women was recruited in 2008-2011 in Bangladesh.

Healthcare use by children and young adults with cerebral palsy.

Aim: To link routinely collected health data to a cerebral palsy (CP) register in order to enable analysis of healthcare use by severity of CP.

Method: The Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register was linked to hospital data. Data for those on the CP register born between 1st January 1981 and 31st December 2009 and alive in 2004 were extracted, forming a CP cohort (n=1684; 57% males, 43% females; aged 0-24y).

Early cardiovascular function and associated hemodynamics in adults with isolated moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: A pilot study.

Background: While cardiac dysfunction has been described following traumatic brain injury (TBI), its association with systemic and cerebral hemodynamics is not known. We examined the contemporaneous relationship between early cardiac function with systemic and cerebral hemodynamic parameters after moderate-severe TBI.

Methods: Bedside transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography were performed within 24 h in patients > 18 years with isolated moderate-severe TBI.

Epidemiology of eating disorders in primary care in children and young people: a Clinical Practice Research Datalink study in England.

Objectives: Examination of current temporal trends and clinical management patterns of eating disorders (ED) in primary care is lacking. We aimed to calculate annual incidence rates of EDs in primary care by age, sex and deprivation. We also explored the care received through referrals, psychotropic prescriptions and associated secondary care service use.

Identifying cerebral palsy from routinely-collected data in England and Wales.

An observational study using routinely-collected health care data to describe the extent to which children and young people (CYP) with cerebral palsy (CP) can be identified and the prevalence of CP can be estimated. Routinely-collected anonymized data, for CYP (aged 0-25 years old between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2014) were analyzed in two linked datasets, from England and Wales respectively. Datasets included National Health Service; General Practitioner (GP), inpatients, outpatients, and national mortality records.

Major trauma: Does weekend attendance increase 30-day mortality?

Background: Differing mortality rates according to day of hospital admission is an area of debate, where a supposed increased rate of mortality with weekend admissions has been termed "the weekend effect". We sought to identify the 30-day mortality rates in major trauma patients attending our Major Trauma Centre (MTC) and the underlying reasons for these.

Methods: A retrospective review of data retrieved from the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) database was undertaken for all patients attending between January 2013 and July 2015 with an Injury Severity Score of 9 or higher.

Cross sectional association of arsenic and seroprevalence of hepatitis B infection in the United States (NHANES 2003-2014).

Background: Arsenic alters immunological parameters including antibody formation and antigen-driven T-cell proliferation.

Objective: We evaluated the cross-sectional relationship between urinary arsenic and the seroprevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) infection in the United States using data from six pooled cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2014, N = 12,447).

Methods: Using serological data, participants were classified as susceptible, immune due to vaccination, or immune due to past natural infection.

Sexually transmitted infections and immune activation among HIV-infected but virally suppressed youth on antiretroviral therapy.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with chronic immune activation, and concurrent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may increase immune activation.

Objectives: Because HIV-infected youth are at high risk of STIs and little is known about the impact of STIs on immune activation in HIV-infected youth, we conducted an exploratory study examining the association between STIs and systemic inflammation and immune activation among HIV-infected adolescents.

Study Design: Forty-nine behaviorally infected U.

Investing in the future of young people.

Atrocious events seem to have multiplied in frequency recently. Sometimes it feels as if we have become almost inured to their obscenity. No sooner has the impact and aftermath of one event receded into the past than along comes another to test our reserves.

Patient Navigation for Colonoscopy Completion: Results of an RCT.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the U.S. Although screening reduces colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, screening rates among U.

Effect of Fontan geometry on exercise haemodynamics and its potential implications.

Objective: Exercise intolerance afflicts Fontan patients with total cavopulmonary connections (TCPCs) causing a reduction in quality of life. Optimising TCPC design is hypothesised to have a beneficial effect on exercise capacity. This study investigates relationships between TCPC geometries and exercise haemodynamics and performance.

Hydration and Cooling Practices Among Farmworkers in Oregon and Washington.

Objectives: Although recommendations for preventing occupational heat-related illness among farmworkers include hydration and cooling practices, the extent to which these recommendations are universally practiced is unknown. The objective of this analysis was to compare hydration and cooling practices between farmworkers in Oregon and Washington.

Methods: A survey was administered to a purposive sample of Oregon and Washington farmworkers.