Investigation of hydrogen peroxide yields and oxygen consumption in high dose rate irradiation: a TOPAS-nBio Monte Carlo study.

TOPAS-nBio enables users to simulate dose rate-dependent radiation chemical yields in water radiolysis accounting for inter-track and long-term chemistry for pulsed irradiation. This study aims to extend the TOPAS-nBio chemistry for the special case of continuous high-dose rate scenario, where both intertrack and longer time reactions need to be considered, and to quantitatively validate the extended framework by comparing the results with experimental data.The inter-track chemistry and escape-values were first evaluated by the independent reaction time method.

Proton FLASH-arc therapy (PFAT): A feasibility study for meeting FLASH dose-rate requirements in the clinic.

Background And Purpose: Proton arc therapy and FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) each offer unique advantages in proton therapy. However, clinical translation of FLASH-RT faces challenges in defining and delivering high dose rates. We propose the use of proton FLASH-arc therapy (PFAT) to leverage the benefits of arc while addressing FLASH delivery concerns by spatially fractionating dose delivery to healthy tissue.

Dose Rate Effects from the 1950s through to the Era of FLASH.

Numerous dose rate effects have been described over the past 6-7 decades in the radiation biology and radiation oncology literature depending on the dose rate range being discussed. This review focuses on the impact and understanding of altering dose rates in the context of radiation therapy, but does not discuss dose rate effects as relevant to radiation protection. The review starts with a short historic review of early studies on dose rate effects, considers mechanisms thought to underlie dose rate dependencies, then discusses some current issues in clinical findings with altered dose rates, the importance of dose rate in brachytherapy, and the current timely topic of the use of very high dose rates, so-called FLASH radiotherapy.

Proton Beam Therapy in the Oligometastatic/Oligorecurrent Setting: Is There a Role? A Literature Review.

Background: Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with conventional photon radiotherapy (XRT) are well-established treatment options for selected patients with oligometastatic/oligorecurrent disease. The use of PBT for SABR-SRS is attractive given the property of a lack of exit dose. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role and current utilisation of PBT in the oligometastatic/oligorecurrent setting.

Treatment planning considerations for the development of FLASH proton therapy.

With increasing focus on the translation of the observed FLASH effect into clinical practice, this paper presents treatment planning considerations for its development using proton therapy. Potential requirements to induce a FLASH effect are discussed along with the properties of existing proton therapy delivery systems and the changes in planning and delivery approaches required to satisfy these prerequisites. For the exploration of treatment planning approaches for FLASH, developments in treatment planning systems are needed.