WHO CAN USE YOUR CELLS OR TISSUES FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH?

Informed consent is the process of obtaining permission from human participants to use their cells and tissues or otherwise include them in research studies. With informed consent, scientists can use human cells or tissues in experiments to learn more about the human body and to test new medicines. This article describes how these tissues are obtained, and the ethical concerns regarding the use of human tissues in research.

Kinase Inhibitors FDA Approved 2018-2023: Drug Targets, Metabolic Pathways, and Drug-Induced Toxicities.

Small molecule kinase inhibitors are one of the fastest growing classes of drugs, which are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for cancer and noncancer indications. As of September 2023, there were over 70 FDA-approved small molecule kinase inhibitors on the market, 42 of which were approved in the past five years (2018-2023). This minireview discusses recent advances in our understanding of the pharmacology, metabolism, and toxicity profiles of recently approved kinase inhibitors with a central focus on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Novel Approaches to Characterize Individual Drug Metabolism and Advance Precision Medicine.

Interindividual variability in drug metabolism can significantly affect drug concentrations in the body and subsequent drug response. Understanding an individual's drug metabolism capacity is important for predicting drug exposure and developing precision medicine strategies. The goal of precision medicine is to individualize drug treatment for patients to maximize efficacy and minimize drug toxicity.

Cytochromes P450 2C8 and 3A Catalyze the Metabolic Activation of the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Masitinib.

Masitinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor under investigation for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mastocytosis, and COVID-19. Hepatotoxicity has been reported in some patients while taking masitinib. The liver injury is thought to involve hepatic metabolism of masitinib by cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes to form chemically reactive, potentially toxic metabolites.