Impact of Cancer Cachexia on Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle: Role of Exercise Training.

Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome that presents with, among other characteristics, progressive loss of muscle mass and anti-cardiac remodeling effect that may lead to heart failure. This condition affects about 80% of patients with advanced cancer and contributes to worsening patients' tolerance to anticancer treatments and to their premature death. Its pathogenesis involves an imbalance in metabolic homeostasis, with increased catabolism and inflammatory cytokines levels, leading to proteolysis and lipolysis, with insufficient food intake.

Managing Common Estrogen Deprivation Side Effects in HR+ Breast Cancer: an Evidence-Based Review.

Purpose Of Review: The article reviews the consequences of estrogen deprivation during endocrine therapy for breast cancer and provides an update on alternative therapies for the management of symptoms.

Recent Findings: Endocrine therapy has progressed substantially in recent years, and its use is recommended for all breast cancer patients expressing hormone receptors. The main adverse events of this treatment can be controlled with medications and nonpharmacological measures.