Smoking behavior among urban and rural Native American adolescents in California.

Background: Previous studies have documented a high prevalence of tobacco use among Native American adolescents. However, little is known about the smoking behavior of Native American adolescents who live in urban areas. This study used statewide data from California to examine the smoking behavior and related psychosocial risk factors among Native American adolescents living in urban and rural counties.

Youths' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS): associations with health beliefs and social pressure.

Youths' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a significant public health problem in the United States. This study examined the associations between health beliefs, social pressure, and exposure to ETS among high school youth. Data were collected in 65 schools in 18 California counties during the 1996-1997 school year as part of the Independent Evaluation of the California Tobacco Control, Prevention, and Education Program.

Independent evaluation of the California Tobacco Control Program: relationships between program exposure and outcomes, 1996-1998.

Objectives: This study sought to determine the effects of the California Tobacco Control Program on tobacco-related attitudes and behaviors.

Methods: In 1996 and 1998, a telephone survey was conducted among adults in randomly selected households in 18 California counties. Tenth-grade youths in 84 randomly selected high schools completed a written survey.

Chewing tobacco: who uses and who quits? Findings from NHANES III, 1988-1994. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III.

Objectives: This study identified mutually exclusive groups of men at high and low risk for use of chewing tobacco and for quitting.

Methods: Analyses used a national sample of 1340 non-Hispanic Black, 1358 Mexican American, and 1673 non-Hispanic White men, aged 25 to 64, who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III from 1988 to 1994. Signal detection analysis was used to delineate high- and low-risk subgroups; survival analysis was used to estimate hazard curves for comparing age at onset for chewing tobacco use with that for smoking.