[Contraception in Mexican adolescents in upper secondary schools: use and unmet needs].

Objective: To describe sexual behavior and contraceptive use in adolescent students.

Materials And Methods: National representative survey in upper secondary schools in Mexico 2014. Logistic regressions identify the factors associated with contraceptive use and unmet needs for contraception (UNC).

Population profiles associated with severe functioning difficulties and disability among two to four years old children in Mexico.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and factors associated with severe child functioning difficulties and disability (CFD) among two to four year old children in Mexico, and estimates the probability of presenting CFD based on specific population profiles.

Materials And Methods: The sample consists of 5 104 children who participated in the National Survey of Children and Women 2015 (ENIM). We used post-estimation exploration by computing predicted values of CFD to interpret the logistic models for discrete combinations of the independent variables.

[Methodological bases and implementation results of Mexico's National Survey of Children and Women 2015].

Objective:: To describe the methodology and the implementation survey results from National Survey of Children and Women Mexico's (ENIM 2015).

Materials And Methods:: The ENIM 2015 is a probability survey with multistage, stratified and cluster sample, with regional, rural and urban strata, and indigenous population representation.We applied questionnaires to get information from the household, women aged 15 to 49 years, children under five years and children and adolescents aged 5-17 years.

[Challenges to implement strategies for the primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer in Mexico].

Mortality due to cervical cancer (CC) has decreased in developed countries given extensive screening and effective coverage. In developing countries mortality rates due to CC remain high. Since the mid-nineties there has been a decrease in mortality due to CC in Mexico, which can be attributed to the increase in coverage of the Papanicolaou (PAP) (beta -.

[Analysis of the impact of cigarette pack graphic warnings on Mexican smokers].

Objective: To determine which graphic warnings on cigarette packs (images on the labels indicating the negative impact on health that tobacco can have) provoke the strongest desire to quit smoking among adult Mexican smokers.

Material And Methods: A pile sort method was used among 60 smokers over 18 years old to determine which images made them think about quitting smoking. Averages were determined and non-parametric statistical methods were used to determine differences in ranks.

Chapter 24: Psychosocial aspects of vaccine acceptability.

In this chapter we identify psychosocial issues that have been raised with respect to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and review the research literature on HPV vaccine acceptability. Many women and physicians have relatively poor knowledge about HPV, but despite this, most healthcare providers are willing to recommend HPV vaccination and parents are interested in having their children vaccinated. Concerns about post-vaccination sexual behavior change do not appear to be justified, but can certainly be addressed through anticipatory guidance.

[Dating violence and associations with depression and risk behaviors: female students in Morelos, Mexico].

Objective: Determine the prevalence of dating violence and its association with depression and various risk behaviors in a sample of female students from the state of Morelos.

Material And Methods: This is a baseline cohort study of a sample of 13 293 students from 12 to 24 years of age who attended public schools in the state of Morelos during the 1998-1999 school year. The participants were selected from a random sample of 260 junior high schools, 92 high schools and one university.

[Physical and sexual abuse during childhood and revictimization during adulthood in Mexican women].

Objective: To quantify the association between physical and sexual abuse during childhood and violence during adulthood in a representative sample of female health care users in Mexico.

Material And Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 26 042 women over 14 years of age who sought medical consultation from public health care services between October 2002 and March 2003, in all 32 states in Mexico. Two models were constructed: a) Multiple polytomic logistic regression models to explore the association between violent victimization by the partner during adulthood and violence during childhood.

Overweight and obesity status among adolescents from Mexico and Egypt.

Background: Obesity is on the rise among adults, adolescents and children worldwide, including populations living in developing countries. This study aimed to describe body mass index of adolescents from Mexico and Egypt and to evaluate non-nutritional correlates from two cohort studies.

Methods: Questionnaire data and weight and height measurements were collected in two large baseline studies in adolescents between 11 and 19 years old attending public school during the 1998-1999 school year in Mexico (n = 10,537) and the 1997 school year in Egypt (n = 1,502).

Intra-familial physical violence among Mexican and Egyptian youth.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of experiencing intra-familial violence among Mexican and Egyptian youth and to describe its associated risk factors.

Methods: Data from questionnaires applied to 12,862 Mexican and 5,662 Egyptian youth, aged 10 to 19, who attended public schools were analyzed. Biviarate and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between socio-demographics, the experience of intra-familial violence and violence perpetration.

The contribution of international agencies to the control of communicable diseases.

Although inequality is often measured through three critical indicators-education, income and life expectancy-health-related differences are also essential elements for explaining levels of equality or inequality in modern societies. Investment and investigation in health also involve inequalities at the global level, and this includes insufficient North-South transfer of funds, technology and expertise in the health field, including the specific area of communicable diseases. Globally, epidemics and outbreaks in any geographic region can represent international public health emergencies, and this type of threat requires a global response.

Comparative study of correlates of early age at menarche among Mexican and Egyptian adolescents.

We compared the median age at menarche in two developing countries to determine whether early age at menarche varies across body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic level, and urban/rural residence in Mexican and Egyptian adolescents. Questionnaire data and weight and height measurements were collected from 4,143 Mexican and 493 Egyptian adolescent girls (age, 10-19 years). Statistical analysis included Pearson chi-squared, Student t-test, and multiple logistic regression models.

Consumption of higher numbers of cigarettes in Mexican youth: the importance of social permissiveness of smoking.

This study sought to assess the relationship between level of cigarette smoking and social factors indicating permissiveness of smoking among youth. This was a school-based cross-sectional questionnaire study carried out in a random sample of students (n=13,293, 11-24 years) at public schools in Morelos, Mexico. Chi2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate correlates of level of smoking (> or < or = 5 cigarettes/day).

Associations between individual and contextual factors and smoking in 13,293 Mexican students.

Objective: Factors correlated with cigarette smoking in young people have yet to be documented in most developing countries. This study assesses the correlates of smoking in Mexican young people.

Methods: School-based, cross-sectional study in the central Mexican state of Morelos during the 1998-1999 school year of 13,293 public school students aged 11 to 24 years.

Associations among condom use, sexual behavior, and knowledge about HIV/AIDS. A study of 13,293 public school students.

Background: This school-based study explored associations between Mexican young people's condom use, other sexual behaviors, and HIV/AIDS knowledge.

Methods: Students (n=13,293, 11-24 years of age) from a random sample of public schools in the central Mexican state of Morelos completed a self-administered questionnaire. We performed logistic regression analysis of condom use and sexual behavior variables and a knowledge-based index on HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission.

Levels and correlates of knowledge about cancer risk factors among 13,293 public school students in Morelos, Mexico.

Background: Data on young people's knowledge about cancer prevention are not currently available for many populations, including Mexican young people, although cancer is the second most common cause of death among the Mexican population.

Methods: A questionnaire was applied to 13,293 public school students aged 11-24 years in Morelos, Mexico. A knowledge-based scale was constructed from survey answers about risk factors for cancer.

Ethics and communication between physicians and their patients with cancer, HIV/AIDS, and rheumatoid arthritis in Mexico.

Background: Despite evidence that open communication concerning diagnosis of a disease substantially improves the doctor-patient relationship, in developing countries physicians often provide partial information.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study with 379 physicians practicing at 11 hospitals in Mexico City and in the central Mexican state of Morelos to quantify their communication patterns with patients with cancer, HIV/AIDS, and rheumatoid arthritis. Communication patterns were defined as physician self-reported communication with patients with regard to their diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

[Affection, kisses, and condoms: the ABC of sexual practices of female sex workers in Mexico City].

Objective: To describe and explore the meanings of sexual practices among female sex workers (FSW) in Mexico City.

Material And Methods: A qualitative and quantitative study was carried out. The qualitative approach was conducted in 1992 and the latter from 1991 to 1992.

Chronic disease risk factors among healthy adolescents attending public schools in the state of Morelos, Mexico.

Background: Little research (and fewer interventions) has been done on longitudinal exposure to risk factors for chronic diseases in young people in Latin America, including Mexico, although chronic diseases constitute the first cause of death in Mexico. Our objective was to document the prevalence of chronic disease risk factors among adolescents as a baseline measurement for a cohort study and to develop educational interventions.

Methods: Questionnaires, blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were collected from 13,293 public school students of both sexes, ages 11-24 years in Morelos, Mexico.

The acceptability of self-collected samples for HPV testing vs. the pap test as alternatives in cervical cancer screening.

Objective: To explore the acceptability of the self-collection of samples for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in comparison with that of the Pap test.

Methods: The study population consisted of 1069 women 20 years and older who were eligible for coverage through the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS). These women were randomly selected among participants in a larger study to evaluate the use of HPV testing as an alternative in cervical cancer screening.