Are there any solutions for improving the cleft area hygiene in patients with cleft lip and palate? A systematic review.

Objective: Children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) present high incidence of oral health problems, namely those associated with the accumulation of dental plaque. The objective of this systematic review was to verify if there is any solution to improve the hygiene of the cleft area.

Materials And Methods: A structured systematic review was performed based on articles published in several electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus in the last 20 years.

SPINA classification of cleft lip and palate: A suggestion for a complement.

Spina's classification uses the incisive foramen as an anatomic reference to define groups I, II, and III. In some cases, the morphological manifestation of the cleft arises simultaneously pre- and postforamen, but without communicating. Considering that group I refers to isolated clefts of the primary palate and group III includes isolated clefts of the secondary palate, the authors suggest the classification group IIa for the association of these two occurrences in the same patient, thus associating two classifications.

The dilemma of the gender assignment in a Portuguese adolescent with disorder of sex development due to 17β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 3 enzyme deficiency.

Unlabelled: The development of male internal and external genitalia in an XY fetus requires a complex interplay of many critical genes, enzymes, and cofactors. The enzyme 17β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase type 3 (17βHSD3) is present almost exclusively in the testicles and converts Delta 4-androstenodione (Δ4) to testosterone. A deficiency in this enzyme is rare and is a frequently misdiagnosed autosomal recessive cause of 46,XY, disorder of sex development.

[Laparoscopic excision of a hepatic mesothelial cyst].

Over the past few years there has been an increase in application of minimally invasive techniques in pediatric surgery, especially in the approach of liver lesions. The mesothelial cysts are extremely rare congenital lesions that arise from celomic remnants. The authors present the clinical case of a three year old child, referred to our institution after an incidental finding of a liver cystic lesion in abdominal ultrasound.