Identity consolidation and health risk behaviors in college students.

Objectives: To investigate the protective role of personal identity consolidation against health risk behaviors in college-attending emerging adults.

Methods: A multisite sample of 1546 college students completed measures of personal identity consolidation and recent risk behavior engagement.

Results: Multivariate Poisson regression indicated that personal identity consolidation was negatively related to binge drinking, illicit drug use, sexual risk behaviors, and risky driving.

From efficacy to effectiveness: the trajectory of the treatment literature for children with PTSD.

This review summarizes efficacious treatments for preschoolers, children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder, with a focus on the advances made within the last 5 years. There is considerable support for the use of trauma-specific cognitive-behavioral interventions, in both individual and group formats. The research on psychopharmacological treatments lags behind that of psychotherapy and is currently inconclusive.