High strength and toughness in engineering materials are typically opposing qualities, particularly in ceramics, where adding ductile phases can weaken the overall structure.
Bioinspired techniques have been developed to create bulk ceramics that achieve high strength (470 MPa), toughness (22 MPa m(1/2)), and stiffness (290 GPa) without needing a ductile phase.
This innovative method allows for retaining mechanical properties at elevated temperatures (up to 600 °C) and has potential applications in structural, transportation, and energy-related fields.