Prevalence and determinants of wasting and overweight in Brazilian children between 6 and 59 months: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

Understanding the determinants of malnutrition is pivotal for public health interventions. This study aimed to identify socio-economic, demographic, dietary and maternal determinants of wasting and overweight among Brazilian children between 6 and 59 months. Data from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition were analysed ( 11 789).

Income and education level trajectories and changes in the daily consumption of vegetables after thirteen years of follow-up: the Pró-Saúde Study.

Objective: This study aimed to examine whether education level and income trajectories influence vegetable consumption changes over 13 years among civil servants at different campuses of a university in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Methods: Vegetable intake frequency (daily and non-daily consumption), income (per capita), and education level (maintenance of low schooling/ upward mobility/maintenance of high schooling) were assessed at baseline (1999) and in the fourth wave (2011-12) of the Pró-Saúde (Pro-Health) cohort study. A total of 2,381 participants were analyzed.

Serum Zinc Concentrations by Inflammation Status, Time of Day, and Fasting Status for Estimating Zinc Deficiency in 6-59-Mo-Old Children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

Background: Serum zinc concentration (SZC) is considered the best biomarker of zinc status in population-level evaluations. However, zinc deficiency (ZD) estimations can be biased if they do not consider blood collection timing, inflammation, and fasting status.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine SZC without and with adjustment for inflammation, according to blood collection timing and fasting status, estimate ZD prevalence, and evaluate the associated factors with ZD in a representative sample of Brazilian children aged <5 y.

Trends of height-for-age Z-scores according to age among Brazilian children under 5 years old from 2006 to 2019.

This study compared the distribution of stunting and height-for-age (HAZ) Z-scores among age groups in data from the Brazilian National Survey on Demography and Health of Women and Children (PNDS 2006) and the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). The final sample comprised 4,408 and 14,553 children < 59 months of age in the PNDS 2006 and ENANI-2019, respectively. Children with HAZ scores < -2 according to the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standard were classified as stunted.

Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in Brazilian children under 5 years of age: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

To analyse the association of socio-demographic and health factors with vitamin D insufficiency and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in Brazilian children aged 6-59 months. Data from 8145 children from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were analysed. The serum concentration of 25(OHD)D was measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay.

High Serum Folate Concentration, Vitamin B12 Deficiency, and Anthropometric Nutritional Status in Brazilian Children Aged 6-59 Months: Data from the Brazilian National Survey of Child Nutrition.

Background: Vitamin B12 and folate are key nutrients that help children reach their full potential in growth and development; however, little is known about the status of these vitamins in Brazilian children.

Objectives: To describe the serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate, to investigate the association between high folate concentration (HFC) and vitamin B12 deficiency, and to evaluate the association between vitamin B12 and stunting/underweight in Brazilian children aged 6-59 mo.

Methods: Data from 7417 children aged 6-59 mo collected during the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition were used.

Methodological aspects of the assessment of dietary intake in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019): a population-based household survey.

This manuscript aims to describe the methodological, operational, and quality control aspects of the assessment of dietary intake in children under five years of age participating in the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019), a household survey in a probability sample of Brazilian households. Two instruments were developed to assess child feeding practices - a structured, current status-type questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall (24HR), both installed in a mobile data collection device used by previously trained interviewers. A Photographic Manual for Quantification of Children's Dietary Intake was specifically developed for and used in the survey as a support aid to identify and quantify foods reported in the 24HR.

Food consumption according to degree of processing and sociodemographic characteristics: Estudo Pró-Saúde, Brazil.

Objective: To investigate the food consumption according to the degree of processing and associations with sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of the Estudo Pró-Saúde (Pro-Health Study), with 520 civil servants of university campuses, Rio de Janeiro, 2012-13. A food frequency questionnaire was used to classify food consumption: 1) in natura, minimally processed, food preparations based on these foods; 2) processed foods; 3) ultra-processed foods.

Topographic, corneal wavefront, and refractive outcomes 2 years after collagen crosslinking for progressive keratoconus.

Purpose: The aim was to report the corneal higher-order aberrations (HOA), the topographic metrics, and the visual and refractive outcomes 2 years after performing collagen crosslinking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus. The correlation among corneal HOAs, topographic metrics, and visual acuity changes was also investigated.

Methods: This is a prospective case series involving 42 eyes from 32 patients with progressive keratoconus treated with CXL.

Moderate keratoconus with thick corneas.

Purpose: To describe two patients with moderate keratoconus and a corneal thickness exceeding 600 μm at the thinnest point.

Methods: Case report.

Results: In the first case, the steepest keratometric power was 51.

Causes of interruption of bevacizumab therapy in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the rate and the causes of interruption of bevacizumab intravitreal therapy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a referential eye-care center in Joinville, southern Brazil.

Methods: Retrospective, non-comparative, consecutive case series. Cases included all patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration who were treated with one or more bevacizumab intravitreal injections at Sadalla Amin Ghanem Eye Hospital between January, 2006 and January, 2008.

Collagen crosslinking with riboflavin and ultraviolet-A in eyes with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) in patients with painful pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK).

Setting: University of São Paulo, São Paulo and Sadalla Amin Ghanem Eye Hospital, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

Methods: This prospective study included consecutive eyes with PBK that had CXL.

A comparison of the modulation of antiblastics cytotoxicity by verapamil and dipyridamole in a human colon carcinoma cell line.

This study was designed to compare the activity of two MDR modulators, verapamil and dipyridamole, on the in vitro growth of a human colon carcinoma cell line. The aims were: a) to investigate the different sensitivity of the parental cell line (LoVo S) and the doxorubicin-resistant one (LoVo R) towards the treatment with several antiblastics and their associations with verapamil or dipyridamole; b) to evaluate if the combined use of these drugs with verapamil or dipyridamole increases their cytotoxicity; c) to understand whether the mechanism of action of each modulator is the same. Idarubicin and vinblastine were the most active drugs on both cell lines.

A new place conditioning paradigm to study tolerance to opiates in mice.

Tolerance to the rewarding properties of morphine was investigated in mice using a new conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure. Four pairings of morphine with specific environmental cues induced a significant CPP for the drug-paired cues. Further opiate conditioning trials in the presence of the same environmental cues revealed no change in the drug-induced CPP on repeated test sessions.

In vitro effect of Pt and Pd mercaptopyridine complexes.

In previous research we studied the cytotoxic effect of new Pt mercaptopyridine (MP) complexes on several tumoral cell lines (F10, Föhn, LoVo and HeLa) as well as on the fibroblast cell line (3T3). The more interesting Pt compounds are compared here to Pd mercaptopyridine analogs, in order to evaluate the metals influence on activity. Earlier, the complexes C/2 = [Pt(MP)3Cl]Cl; C/5 = [Pt(MP)3Br]Br; C/8 = [Pd(MP)3Cl]Cl and C/11 = [Pd(MP)3Br]Br and cis-DDP as reference were tested on 3T3 and LoVo cells, by Sauter's multiwells technique and neutral red uptake.

Influence of verapamil on tumour cell growth in vitro following treatment with antiblastic drugs.

The effect of antiblastic drugs with different mechanisms of action has been investigated in LoVo cells (on the resistant line LoVo R and the parental LoVo S) for 48 h and for further 24 h in drug-free medium (recovery time) in order to evaluate drug action after its removal. Our results show that the drug effect persists in time, particularly in LoVo R cells. The inhibitory effect on cell growth was enhanced when the drugs were associated with verapamil, while no difference was detected with cisplatin and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide, drugs which are not involved in P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance.

Dipyridamole as a modulator of multidrug-resistance in tumor-cells in-vitro.

The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro the effect on LoVo cells (LoVo-S, doxorubicin-sensitive, and LoVo-R, doxorubicin-resistant) on the association of dipyridamole and certain antiblastic drugs (doxorubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, teniposide) with different mechanisms of action. The cells were treated for 48 hours with the drugs, or were left for 24 hours without treatment (recovery period). The results demonstrate that dipyridamole possesses an inhibitory effect on cell growth, and that it potentiates the cytotoxic effect of the tested antiblastic drugs, particularly on LoVo-R cells.

Study on the bactericidal activity and synergistic effect of neutropenic rat serum with gentamicin.

It is well known that normal rat serum (NRS) shows an antibacterial activity because of the presence of endogenous substances that are able to express a defence against pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, in former studies, we observed that NRS presents a synergistic activity with some antibiotics (thus able to lower minimum inhibitory concentration values). The aim of this research was to study the antibacterial activity and synergistic effect of neutropenic rat sera (NPRS) with gentamicin.