Low-level laser therapy: an efficient supplement to treatments of vulvar Lichen sclerosus to improve quality of life.

Background: Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the genital and extra genital skin, causing pruritus, soreness, pain and dyspareunia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) can improve the quality of life in women with Lichen sclerosus (LS) and insufficient topical treatment.

Methods: In a descriptive prospective observational study conducted between 02.

End-tidal CO2 in the diagnosis of fluid responsiveness - a systematic review.

Introduction: An indication of the adequacy of the intra-vascular volume is of importance in critically ill patients. The status of the intravascular volume can be determined from a fluid challenge test. Most tests involve invasive monitoring.

Added mass in human swimmers: age and gender differences.

In unstationary swimming (changing velocity), some of the water around the swimmer is set in motion. This can be thought of as an added mass (M(a)) of water. The purpose of this study was to find added mass on human swimmers and investigate the effect of shape and body size.

[Intensive care--historical aspects].

The first multidisciplinary intensive care unit in the world was established at the Copenhagen Municipal Hospital in December 1953. The man behind the concept was the Danish anesthesiologist Bjørn Ibsen (born: 1915). The paper outlines the conditions that made it possible for Ibsen to establish a unit where all categories of severely-ill patients were monitored and treated around the clock along the lines used in the operating theatres.

Cardiac output--pulse contour analysis vs. pulmonary artery thermodilution.

Background: The aims of this study were to determine the agreement between pulmonary artery thermodilution (PA-TD), transpulmonary thermodilution (TP-TD) and the pulse contour method, and to test the ability of the pulse contour method to track changes in cardiac output.

Methods: Cardiac output was determined twice before cardiac surgery with both PA-TD and TP-TD. The precision (two standard deviations of the difference between repeated measurements) and agreement of the two methods were calculated.

Lung recruitment maneuver depresses central hemodynamics in patients following cardiac surgery.

Objective: To assess the impact of the lung recruitment maneuver on circulation following cardiac surgery.

Design And Setting: Prospective randomized cross-over study at the Departments of Anesthesia and Thoracic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital.

Patients: Ten adult undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.