Multinuclear MRI Can Depict Metabolic and Energetic Changes in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are frequent in the European population. The pathophysiological changes after TBI include metabolic changes, but these are not observable using current clinical tools. We aimed to evaluate multinuclear MRI as a mean of assessing these changes.

Differentiating leukemia subtypes based on metabolic signatures using hyperpolarized C NMR.

Leukemia is a group of blood cancers that are classified in four major classes. Within these four classes, many different subtypes exists with similar origin, genetic mutations, and level of maturity, which can make them difficult to distinguish. Despite their similarities, they might respond differently to treatment, and therefore distinguishing between them is of crucial importance.

Hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging identifies metabolic phenotypes in patients with heart failure.

Background: Hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (HP [1-C]pyruvate CMR) visualizes key steps in myocardial metabolism. The present study aimed to examine patients with heart failure (HF) using HP [1-C]pyruvate CMR.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with HF and healthy controls using HP [1-C]pyruvate CMR.

Metabolic MRI With Hyperpolarized 13 C-Pyruvate for Early Detection of Fibrogenic Kidney Metabolism.

Objectives: Fibrosis is the final common pathway for chronic kidney disease and the best predictor for disease progression. Besides invasive biopsies, biomarkers for its detection are lacking. To address this, we used hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate MRI to detect the metabolic changes associated with fibrogenic activity of myofibroblasts.

Equine Talocalcaneal subluxation.

A Quarter horse filly was evaluated for a two-week old wound of the right hind cannon bone after the mare stepped on her. A sequestrum was noted radiographically and was surgically debrided. After continued follow-up a left hind varus deformity was noted and was corrected with a lateral transphyseal screw in the distal left tibia.

Soluble programmed death ligand 1 as prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab therapy.

Many studies have focused on the prognostic role of soluble programmed death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but outcomes are ambiguous and further investigations are needed. We addressed the matter by studying sPD-L1 in baseline samples and in longitudinal samples taken prior to three subsequent cycles of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 treatments. Eighty patients with NSCLC were enrolled.

A continuous flow bioreactor system for high-throughput hyperpolarized metabolic flux analysis.

Hyperpolarized carbon-13 labeled compounds are increasingly being used in medical MR imaging (MRI) and MR imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) research, due to its ability to monitor tissue and cell metabolism in real-time. Although radiological biomarkers are increasingly being considered as clinical indicators, biopsies are still considered the gold standard for a large variety of indications. Bioreactor systems can play an important role in biopsy examinations because of their ability to provide a physiochemical environment that is conducive for therapeutic response monitoring ex vivo.

Epicardial adipose tissue and subclinical incident atrial fibrillation as detected by continuous monitoring: a cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study.

Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has endocrine and paracrine functions and has been associated with metabolic and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between EAT, determined by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) following long-term continuous heart rhythm monitoring by implantable loop recorder (ILR). This study is a sub-study of the LOOP study.

Myocardial scarring and recurrence of ventricular arrhythmia in patients surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Introduction: Prediction of recurrent ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in survivors of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is important, but currently difficult. Risk of recurrence may be related to presence of myocardial scarring assessed with late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR). Our study aims to characterize myocardial scarring as defined by LGE-CMR in survivors of a VA-OHCA and investigate its potential role in the risk of new VA events.

Inter-rater Agreement in Classifying Music According to a Guided Imagery and Music Taxonomy.

Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) is a range of therapeutic practices in which clients listen to music selected by a trained practitioner with the aim of gaining cognitive insight through evoked imagery that may be beneficial in working through various inner experiences, pain, or trauma. It is crucial to this process that the chosen music is tailored to the client's therapeutic goals and receptiveness. Wärja and Bonde [(2014).

Process-outcome relations in music therapy versus music listening for people with schizophrenia viewed through a mediational model: the role of the therapeutic alliance.

Objectives: Examine whether change in clinical outcomes for patients with schizophrenia and negative symptoms randomized to either Music Therapy (MT) or Music Listening (ML) is associated to moderators and mediators, with focus on alliance, attendance and dropout.

Method: An exploratory post-hoc analysis of data from an original randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigating the effect of MT vs. ML for people with schizophrenia and negative symptoms.

Assessment of focal renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in a porcine model using hyperpolarized [1- C]pyruvate MRI.

Purpose: Ischemic injury in the kidney is a common pathophysiological event associated with both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease; however, regional ischemia-reperfusion as seen in thromboembolic renal disease is often undetectable and thus subclinical. Here, we assessed the metabolic alterations following subclinical focal ischemia-reperfusion injury with hyperpolarized [1- C]pyruvate MRI in a porcine model.

Methods: Five pigs were subjected to 60 min of focal kidney ischemia.

Gadolinium-enhanced MRI visualizing backflow at increasing intra-renal pressure in a porcine model.

Introduction: Intrarenal backflow (IRB) is known to occur at increased intrarenal pressure (IRP). Irrigation during ureteroscopy increases IRP. Complications such as sepsis is more frequent after prolonged high-pressure ureteroscopy.

Left atrial late gadolinium enhancement in patients with ischaemic stroke.

Aims: To evaluate the extent of left atrial (LA) fibrosis in patients with a recent stroke without atrial fibrillation and controls without established cardiovascular disease.

Methods And Results: This prospectively designed study used cardiac magnetic resonance to detect LA late gadolinium enhancement as a proxy for LA fibrosis. Between 2019 and 2021, we consecutively included 100 patients free of atrial fibrillation with recent ischaemic stroke (<30 days) and 50 age- and sex-matched controls.

Fibrosis imaging with multiparametric proton and sodium MRI in pig injury models.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and has huge implications for health and mortality. It is aggravated by intrarenal fibrosis, but the assessment of fibrosis is limited to kidney biopsies, which carry a risk of complications and sampling errors. This calls for a noninvasive modality for diagnosing and staging intrarenal fibrosis.

Imaging Neurodegenerative Metabolism in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis with Hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate MRI.

The cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is still unknown, and consequently, early diagnosis of the disease can be difficult and effective treatment is lacking. The pathology of ALS seems to involve specific disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism, which may be diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate is emerging as a technology for the evaluation of pathway-specific changes in the brain's metabolism.

Music to improve sleep quality in adults with depression-related insomnia (MUSTAFI): randomized controlled trial.

Background: Insomnia in depression is common and difficult to resolve. Unresolved depression-related sleep disturbances increase risk of relapse at high costs for individuals and society. Trials have suggested music for insomnia in various populations, but there is little research on the effectiveness of music for depression-related insomnia.

Detection of increased pyruvate dehydrogenase flux in the human heart during adenosine stress test using hyperpolarized [1-C]pyruvate cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Hyperpolarized (HP) [1-C]pyruvate cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can visualize the uptake and intracellular conversion of [1-C]pyruvate to either [1-C]lactate or C-bicarbonate depending on the prevailing metabolic state. The aim of the present study was to combine an adenosine stress test with HP [1-C]pyruvate CMR to detect cardiac metabolism in the healthy human heart at rest and during moderate stress.

Methods: A prospective descriptive study was performed between October 2019 and August 2020.

Atrial cardiomyopathy in patients with ischaemic stroke: a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study-the COAST study.

Introduction: Despite workup for the aetiology of ischaemic stroke, about 25% of cases remain unexplained. Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is typically suspected but often not detected. Even if atrial fibrillation (AF) is detected, the quantitative threshold of clinically relevant AF remains unclear.

Lactate saturation limits bicarbonate detection in hyperpolarized C-pyruvate MRI of the brain.

Purpose: To investigate the potential effects of [1- C]lactate RF saturation pulses on [ C]bicarbonate detection in hyperpolarized [1- C]pyruvate MRI of the brain.

Methods: Thirteen healthy rats underwent MRI with hyperpolarized [1- C]pyruvate of either the brain (n = 8) or the kidneys, heart, and liver (n = 5). Dynamic, metabolite-selective imaging was used in a cross-over experiment in which [1- C]lactate was excited with either 0° or 90° flip angles.

Accuracy, analysis time, and reproducibility of dedicated 4D echocardiographic left atrial volume quantification software.

Four-dimensional (4D) echocardiography may provide more accurate estimations of left atrial (LA) volumes than 2-dimensional (2D) measures. We sought to compare the concordance of a novel 4D LA quantification software versus 2D echocardiography against cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). This was a multimodality imaging substudy of a randomized clinical trial (the LOOP study).

Association between four-dimensional echocardiographic left atrial measures and left atrial fibrosis assessed by left atrial late gadolinium enhancement.

Aims: Left atrial (LA) fibrosis is a hallmark of atrial cardiomyopathy, and non-invasive surrogate measures of LA fibrosis are therefore needed. We investigated the association between four-dimensional (4D) echocardiographic LA measures and LA fibrosis.

Methods And Results: A multimodality imaging substudy was performed in a randomized clinical trial (LOOP study), recruiting elderly participants with cardiovascular risk factors.