Transversus abdominis plane block in minimally invasive colon surgery: a multicenter three-arm randomized controlled superiority and non-inferiority clinical trial.

Background And Objectives: The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is the most widely used abdominal field block in colorectal surgery with a postoperative enhanced recovery pathway. We aimed to determine whether the laparoscopic-assisted and ultrasound-guided TAP (US-TAP) blocks provide superior pain relief compared with placebo. We separately investigated whether the laparoscopic-assisted technique was non-inferior to the ultrasound-guided technique in providing pain relief, with a non-inferiority margin of 10 mg morphine dose equivalents.

Strong Cavity-Optomechanical Transduction of Nanopillar Motion.

Nanomechanical resonators can serve as ultrasensitive, miniaturized force probes. While vertical structures such as nanopillars are ideal for this purpose, transducing their motion is challenging. Pillar-based photonic crystals (PhCs) offer a potential solution by integrating optical transduction within the pillars.

The Interaction of NF-κB Transcription Factor with Centromeric Chromatin.

Centromeric chromatin is a subset of chromatin structure and governs chromosome segregation. The centromere is composed of both CENP-A nucleosomes (CENP-A) and H3 nucleosomes (H3) and is enriched with alpha-satellite (α-sat) DNA repeats. These CENP-A have a different structure than H3, decreasing the base pairs (bp) of wrapped DNA from 147 bp for H3 to 121 bp for CENP-A.

The incidence of venous thromboembolism after curative colon cancer surgery within an enhanced recovery after surgery programme.

Aim: Based on three randomised controlled trials performed more than a decade ago, several national guidelines recommend prolonged venous thromboprophylaxis for 28 days following elective surgery for colon cancer. None of these studies were conducted within enhanced recovery after surgery setting. Newer studies indicate that prolonged prophylaxis might not be necessary with enhanced recovery after surgery.

Developing a phantom for simulating robotic-assisted complete mesocolic excision using 3D printing and medical imaging.

Background: Robotic-assisted complete mesocolic excision is an advanced procedure mainly because of the great variability in anatomy. Phantoms can be used for simulation-based training and assessment of competency when learning new surgical procedures. However, no phantoms for robotic complete mesocolic excision have previously been described.

The Interaction of NF-κB Transcription Factor with Centromeric Chromatin.

Centromeric chromatin is a subset of chromatin structure and governs chromosome segregation. The centromere is composed of both CENP-A nucleosomes (CENP-A ) and H3 nucleosomes (H3 ) and is enriched with alpha-satellite (α-sat) DNA repeats. These CENP-A have a different structure than H3 , decreasing the base pairs (bp) of wrapped DNA from 147 bp for H3 to 121 bp for CENP-A .

Association between troponin I levels and mortality among patients undergoing acute high-risk abdominal surgery-A cohort study.

Background: Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is associated with 30-day mortality in heterogeneous surgical populations but is barely described after acute high-risk abdominal surgery. The impact of dynamic changes has not previously been investigated. The objectives were to determine the incidence of MINS in this population, the association between mortality and MINS, and whether plasma troponin I (TnI) dynamics have any impact on mortality.

The effects of troponin screening among patients undergoing acute high-risk abdominal surgery: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Acute high-risk abdominal (AHA) surgery is associated with a high short-term mortality rate. This might be partly attributed to myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) defined by elevated postoperative troponin levels. The myocardial injury is often asymptomatic; thus, troponin screening seems to be the best diagnostic method.

Cutaneous sensory block area of the ultrasound-guided subcostal transversus abdominis plane block: an observational study.

Background And Objectives: The transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) can be applied using different approaches, resulting in varying cutaneous analgesic distributions. This study aimed to assess the cutaneous sensory block area (CSBA) after ultrasound-guided TAP (US-TAP) using the subcostal approach.

Methods: Thirty patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy received a subcostal US-TAP with 20 mL 2.

Validation of the German classification system for quality assessment of right-sided colon cancer specimens.

Aim: The German classification system of the completeness of mesocolic excision aims to assess the quality of right-sided colonic cancer surgery by review of photographs. We aimed to validate the reliability of the classification in a clinical context.

Method: The study was based on a cohort of patients undergoing resection for right-sided colon cancer in two university hospitals served by the same group of pathologists.

Adoption and Utilization of Heat and Moisture Exchangers (HMEs) in the Tracheostomy Patient.

Objective: Management of tracheostomized patients typically involves a conventional external humidification system (CEHS). CEHS are noisy, negatively impact patient mobility, and increases costs. Additionally, they prevent phonation and the ability to cough.

Association between plane of mesocolic dissection and recurrence after complete mesocolic excision for right-sided colon cancer: a cohort study.

Aim: Dissection in the mesocolic plane is considered by some medical professionals to be crucial in complete mesocolic excision. We aimed to assess whether intramesocolic plane dissection is associated with a risk of recurrence after complete mesocolic excision for right-sided colon cancer.

Method: This is a single-centre study based on prospectively registered data on patients undergoing resection for Union for International Cancer Control Stage I-III right-sided colon adenocarcinoma during the period 2010-2017.

Using Impedance Flow Cytometry for Rapid Viability Classification of Heat-Treated Bacteria.

In the future, rapid electrical characterization of cells with impedance flow cytometry promises to be a fast and accurate method for the evaluation of cell properties. In this paper, we investigate how the conductivity of the suspending medium along with the heat exposure time affects the viability classification of heat-treated . Using a theoretical model, we show that perforation of the bacteria membrane during heat exposure changes the impedance of the bacterial cell from effectively less conducting than the suspension medium to effectively more conducting.

Long-term outcome after Bascom's cleft-lift procedure under tumescent local analgesia for pilonidal sinus disease: a cohort study.

Aim: Bascom's cleft-lift procedure for pilonidal sinus disease under tumescent local analgesia is feasible and well tolerated with favourable short-term outcomes. We aimed to assess the 10-year treatment success rate after cleft-lift under tumescent local analgesia.

Method: This was a single-centre cohort study based on prospectively registered perioperative data and survey data with additional data from electronic medical records.

Long-term outcome after Bascom's pit-pick procedure for pilonidal sinus disease: A cohort study.

Aim: Previous studies have shown favourable short-term results after Bascom's pit-pick procedure for simple pilonidal sinus disease. A minimum 5-year follow-up is considered the gold standard but only a few long-term studies have previously been reported. Here, we aimed to estimate the long-term risk of treatment failure, incomplete wound healing or recurrence, postoperative complications and patient reported outcome measures such as chronic pain and satisfaction with cosmetic appearance.

Incidence of appendicitis during COVID-19 lockdown: A nationwide population-based study.

Aim: To investigate how a nationwide lockdown influences the incidence of appendicitis.

Background: Communitive infectious diseases may play a role in the pathogenesis of appendicitis as indicated by a seasonal variation in the incidence rate. The spread of communitive infectious diseases has decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown; thus, we have an opportunity to study the incidence rate of appendicitis in an environment with less impact from common community infections.

Plane of mesocolic dissection as predictor of recurrence after complete mesocolic excision for sigmoid colon cancer: A cohort study.

Aim: To investigate whether intramesocolic plane dissection assessed on fresh specimens by the pathologist is a risk factor for recurrence after complete mesocolic excision for sigmoid cancer when compared with mesocolic plane dissection.

Method: Single-centre study based on prospectively registered data on patients undergoing resection for UICC stage I-III sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma during the period 2010-2017. The patients were stratified into either an intramesocolic plane group or a mesocolic plane group.

NPFF Decreases Activity of Human Arcuate NPY Neurons: A Study in Embryonic-Stem-Cell-Derived Model.

Restoring the control of food intake is the key to obesity management and prevention. The arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus is extensively being studied as a potential anti-obesity target. Animal studies showed that neuropeptide FF (NPFF) reduces food intake by its action in neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons of the hypothalamic ARC, but the detailed mode of action observed in human neurons is missing, due to the lack of a human-neuron-based model for pharmacology testing.