[Classification of endogenous psychoses. Predictive validity of initial diagnosis based on 5 and 21-33-years of follow-up in a long-term prospective study (Budapest 2000)].

As regards the clinical psychopathological diagnostics, Leonhard's classification of endogenous psychoses published in 1957 contained description of a detailed nosology with claims that the diagnostic categories included in this classification system involve differentiated predictions of course and outcome of the illness. The principal investigator (BP) chose Leonhard's classification system to test these nosological hypotheses via a prospective study of psychotic patients based on their clinical and life history in 1966-67. Validity of the categorial diagnoses given at baseline (female patients n=222; healthy control persons n=54; 1968-1976) was proven by combination of assessments of psychopathological symptoms and personality types at the 5-year follow-up.

[Recent crisis of psychiatry in the context of modern and postmodern science].

Introduction: We have investigated the recent crisis of psychiatry in perspective of the last two centuries of its history. First and longer part of this period belongs to the Modern era. The second part beginning in the sixties of the last century is the Postmodern era, the one we live in today.

The predictive validity of the Leonhardean classification of endogenous psychoses: a 21-33-year follow-up of a prospective study ("BUDAPEST 2000").

To our knowledge, no previous long-term studies of the Leonhardean classification in the whole spectrum of endogenous psychoses have been conducted. This prospective study (n = 276; female patients n = 222; normal control persons n = 54) started in 1967-1976. The same population was followed-up by participation of a "blinded control" psychiatrist in 1997-2002 [patients available at follow-up = 125 (56.

[Changes of hallucination and delusion: the results of the 21-33 year follow-up of "Budapest 2000"].

Unlabelled: In view of the fact that there are only a few longitudinal follow-up examinations in patients with major mental illness, data on the changes of hallucination and delusion over the lifetime of the patient are extremely limited.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term course of delusions and hallucinations in patients with psychotic disorders.

Method: 221 patients were evaluated in this study.

Validity of reliability: comparison of interrater reliabilities of psychopathological symptoms.

We have tested the stability of interrater reliability of psychiatric symptoms over a quarter of century using 2 rating scales. Interrater reliabilities of items of 2 psychiatric rating scales employed by 2 consecutive follow-ups were compared. Interrater reliabilites proved to be by and large stable.