Therapeutic alliance in psychological therapy for people with recent onset psychosis who use cannabis.

Background: This paper examines the role of therapeutic alliance in predicting outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (MICBT) for problematic cannabis use in recent onset psychosis.

Methods: All clients were participating in a three arm pragmatic rater-blind randomized controlled trial of brief MICBT plus standard care compared with longer term MICBT plus standard care and standard care alone. Participants completed measures to assess clinical symptoms, global functioning and substance misuse at baseline, 4.

Childhood adversity and social functioning in psychosis: Exploring clinical and cognitive mediators.

Childhood adversity may increase risk of impaired social functioning across the continuum of psychosis. However, the pathways by which adversity dictates functional outcome remain underexplored. This study investigated the association between childhood adversity and social functioning, and the clinical and cognitive mediators of this relationship.

Establishing the "Fit" between the Patient and the Therapy: The Role of Patient Gender in Selecting Psychological Therapy for Distressing Voices.

The experience of hearing distressing voices has recently attracted much attention in the literature on psychological therapies. A new "wave" of therapies is considering voice hearing experiences within a relational framework. However, such therapies may have limited impact if they do not precisely target key psychological variables within the voice hearing experience and/or ensure there is a "fit" between the profile of the hearer and the therapy (the so-called "What works for whom" debate).

Oncogenic Role of Fusion-circRNAs Derived from Cancer-Associated Chromosomal Translocations.

Chromosomal translocations encode oncogenic fusion proteins that have been proven to be causally involved in tumorigenesis. Our understanding of whether such genomic alterations also affect non-coding RNAs is limited, and their impact on circular RNAs (circRNAs) has not been explored. Here, we show that well-established cancer-associated chromosomal translocations give rise to fusion circRNAs (f-circRNA) that are produced from transcribed exons of distinct genes affected by the translocations.

Early Alterations in Glycemic Control and Pancreatic Endocrine Function in Nondiabetic Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a frequent consequence of chronic pancreatitis (CP). Little is known about pancreatic endocrine function before the development of diabetes mellitus in CP, particularly in females, or those without calcific and/or alcoholic pancreatitis.

Methods: Twenty-five nondiabetic adult patients with CP (19 female; mean [SE] age, 34.

Measures Assessing the Quality of Case Conceptualization: A Systematic Review.

Context: The quality of case conceptualization differs across clinicians. It is unclear which case conceptualization quality assessment measure researchers, clinicians, and trainers might use for their specific purpose.

Objective: We evaluated measures that purport to assess the quality of case conceptualizations.

The relationship between paranoia and aggression in psychosis: A systematic review.

Aggression in the context of schizophrenia has significant detrimental personal, clinical and societal implications. Whilst understanding the precise pathways to aggression in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia is critical for risk management and treatment, these pathways remain unclear. A paranoid belief that others intend harm is one psychotic symptom that might contribute to aggressive behaviours.

Inhibitory Synapses Are Repeatedly Assembled and Removed at Persistent Sites In Vivo.

Older concepts of a hard-wired adult brain have been overturned in recent years by in vivo imaging studies revealing synaptic remodeling, now thought to mediate rearrangements in microcircuit connectivity. Using three-color labeling and spectrally resolved two-photon microscopy, we monitor in parallel the daily structural dynamics (assembly or removal) of excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic sites on the same neurons in mouse visual cortex in vivo. We find that dynamic inhibitory synapses often disappear and reappear again in the same location.

Mobile spaced education for surgery rotation improves National Board of Medical Examiners scores.

Background: Use of mobile devices for medical education is increasing. The aim of this study was to describe the implementation of a spaced education-based app study program in a third year medical school surgery rotation and examine its effects on National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) examination performance.

Materials And Methods: Case-based questions were created and distributed to students on a voluntary basis via a mobile app.

Delirium Associated With Lidocaine Patch Administration: A Case Presentation.

Delirium is a common complication among hospitalized elderly individuals. Systemic analgesics are known precipitating factors for delirium. However, the risk from topical pain agents is not well documented.

Protocol for a systematic review of telephone delivered psychosocial interventions on relapse prevention, adherence to psychiatric medication and health risk behaviours in adults with a psychotic disorder.

Introduction: The mental and physical health of individuals with a psychotic illness are typically poor. When adhered to, medication can reduce relapse. However, despite adherence, relapse remains common and functional outcomes often remain compromised.

Intentions and barriers to research activities among Australian and New Zealand anaesthetists: a Survey.

A voluntary, anonymous, cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 997 Fellows of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, using an electronic questionnaire. Details about their demographics, employment, research experience and barriers they had encountered, their perception about research and their future intentions to participate in research, were collected. The survey response rate was 24.

Novel Roles for Chloride Channels, Exchangers, and Regulators in Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases.

Chloride transport proteins play critical roles in inflammatory airway diseases, contributing to the detrimental aspects of mucus overproduction, mucus secretion, and airway constriction. However, they also play crucial roles in contributing to the innate immune properties of mucus and mucociliary clearance. In this review, we focus on the emerging novel roles for a chloride channel regulator (CLCA1), a calcium-activated chloride channel (TMEM16A), and two chloride exchangers (SLC26A4/pendrin and SLC26A9) in chronic inflammatory airway diseases.

Longitudinal effect of eteplirsen versus historical control on ambulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Objective: To continue evaluation of the long-term efficacy and safety of eteplirsen, a phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer designed to skip DMD exon 51 in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Three-year progression of eteplirsen-treated patients was compared to matched historical controls (HC).

Methods: Ambulatory DMD patients who were ≥7 years old and amenable to exon 51 skipping were randomized to eteplirsen (30/50mg/kg) or placebo for 24 weeks.

Expressed Emotion in relatives of persons with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Expressed Emotion (EE) refers to a number of key aspects of interpersonal relationships which have been shown to relate to outcomes in relatives of people with health conditions.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of EE and outcomes in relatives of persons with dementia is reported. Potential research studies were identified via a search of three electronic databases; PsychINFO, MEDLINE and the Web of Science between 1960 and 2015.

Aging of Liver Transplant Registrants and Recipients: Trends and Impact on Waitlist Outcomes, Post-Transplantation Outcomes, and Transplant-Related Survival Benefit.

Background & Aims: Epidemiologic factors have generated increased demand for liver transplantation among older patients. We aimed to describe trends in age among liver transplant registrants and recipients and the effect of age on waitlist and post-transplantation outcomes and on transplant-related survival benefit.

Methods: We obtained data from the United Network for Organ Sharing on adults who were listed for liver transplantation (N = 122,606) or underwent liver transplantation (N = 60,820) from 2002 to 2014 in the United States.

Extended parenting education in an early parenting centre: A mixed-methods study.

This article reports findings from a process and impact study of a residential early parenting centre programme in Australia. The programme supports parents with young children under the age of three, referred from health and child protection services. Multiple sources of data were used from interviews, focus groups, direct observations, observer notes and a parenting sense of competence questionnaire.

Pronation therapy case report: nurse's perspective and lessons learned.

This article describes a brief review of prone therapy and its efficacy and effect on mortality in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, the situational background and clinical events that transpired prior to, during, and after the institution of pronation therapy for Elkhart General Hospital's Critical Care Center's first pronation patient using the RotoProne Therapy System are described from the nurse's perspective. The lessons learned from this first experience have led to the formation of several practice-based recommendations for future patient care.

Using mobile technology to deliver a cognitive behaviour therapy-informed intervention in early psychosis (Actissist): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is recommended for the treatment of psychosis; however, only a small proportion of service users have access to this intervention. Smartphone technology using software applications (apps) could increase access to psychological approaches for psychosis. This paper reports the protocol development for a clinical trial of smartphone-based CBT.

Becoming Lifelong Learners: A Study in Self-Regulated Learning.

While health professions educators espouse the need to develop lifelong learning skills in students, little is written about such attempts. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of educational and awareness interventions designed to promote self-regulated learning processes as a means to improve lifelong learning skills. First-year students in respiratory care and radiologic imaging sciences took the Learning and Study Skills Inventory (LASSI) in fall and spring semesters.

Case formulation in clinical practice: Associations with psychological mindedness, attachment and burnout in staff working with people experiencing psychosis.

Objectives: Case formulation can impact on therapeutic relationships, staff understanding and outcomes, which might be particularly important when working with complex mental health problems such as psychosis. However, the evidence base is equivocal and there is insufficient understanding around the staff-related factors that influence effective psychological case formulation. This study investigated the influence of staff characteristics (both professional and personal) on case formulation skill.