Development of COVIDVax Model to Estimate the Risk of SARS-CoV-2-Related Death Among 7.6 Million US Veterans for Use in Vaccination Prioritization.

Importance: A strategy that prioritizes individuals for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination according to their risk of SARS-CoV-2-related mortality would help minimize deaths during vaccine rollout.

Objective: To develop a model that estimates the risk of SARS-CoV-2-related mortality among all enrollees of the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prognostic study used data from 7 635 064 individuals enrolled in the VA health care system as of May 21, 2020, to develop and internally validate a logistic regression model (COVIDVax) that predicted SARS-CoV-2-related death (n = 2422) during the observation period (May 21 to November 2, 2020) using baseline characteristics known to be associated with SARS-CoV-2-related mortality, extracted from the VA electronic health records (EHRs).

Biographies of international women leaders in neurosurgery.

We received so many biographies of women neurosurgery leaders for this issue that only a selection could be condensed here. In all of them, the essence of a leader shines through. Many are included as "first" of their country or color or other achievement.

Therapeutic relationships in child and adolescent mental health services: A Delphi study with young people, carers and clinicians.

Therapeutic relationships have been widely recognized as crucial to good outcomes in psychotherapy. However, there is comparatively little research on what constitutes and impacts therapeutic relationships in the context of child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). Relationships within CAMHS are inherently complex, with multiple relationships taking place between young people, parents or carers and staff members of various disciplines.

'If he feels better I'll feel better' relationships with individuals at high-risk of developing psychosis.

Aim: A large proportion of individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) live at home and are supported by their families. Recommended treatment includes family intervention (FI), and therefore, understanding relationships between individuals with an ARMS and their family members is key. This study aimed to provide a more holistic exploration of relationships within families of individuals with an ARMS by reporting the perceived impact of the condition on other family members including sibling and romantic relationships.

Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With Cirrhosis: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample (NIS).

Goal: Characterize prevalence of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.

Background: ODS is a serious complication of rapid serum sodium correction. Patients with cirrhosis experience labile sodium levels related to portal hypertension and diuretic use, often with rapid correction-intentional or unintentional-during hospitalizations.

The relationship between stigma and subjective quality of life in psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

People with psychosis are reported to be one of the most stigmatised minority groups in society. Mental health stigma can have a detrimental impact on quality of life (QoL), which is a meaningful outcome for service users experiencing psychosis and using mental health services. This paper provides the first systematic literature review, meta-analysis and quality appraisal of studies examining the association between stigma and subjective QoL in non-affective psychosis.

Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveals ZNF124 as a Critical Regulator in Highly Aggressive Medulloblastomas.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, however, the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis in different MB subgroups remain incompletely understood. Although previous studies of MB predisposition have been conducted in tertiary referral centers primarily in Caucasian cohorts, it is not unclear clear whether there exist population-specific genetic alterations in MBs. In this study, we investigated the contribution of genomic and transcriptomic alterations to the risk of malignant MB in the Chinese population (designated as the Asian cohort).

The relationship between appraisals of voices (auditory verbal hallucinations) and distress in voice-hearers with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses: A meta-analytic review.

Cognitive-behavioural models of auditory verbal hallucinations (voices) predict that the interpretation of voices determines the levels of distress experienced by voice-hearers. Examining the contribution of these voice appraisals is central to the delivery of effective psychological interventions for the management of distressing psychotic symptoms. This meta-analysis synthesised evidence from studies that tested the relationship between a range of appraisals and several distress measures (voice-related and emotional distress) in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum diagnoses.

Exploring service user and family perspectives of a Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) for African-Caribbean people with psychosis: A qualitative study.

Objectives: In the UK, people of African-Caribbean background have the highest rates of psychosis and greatest inequity in mental health services of all ethnicities. National policies have highlighted the lack of evidence-based psychological interventions for this group. The aim of this study was to examine the acceptability of a novel Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI) for African-Caribbean individuals diagnosed with non-affective psychosis and their relatives.

Adapting practice in mental healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic and other contagions: systematic review.

Background: During the global COVID-19 pandemic, there has been guidance concerning adaptations that physical healthcare services can implement to aid containment, but there is relatively little guidance for how mental healthcare services should adapt service provision to better support staff and patients, and minimise contagion spread.

Aims: This systematic review explores service adaptations in mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic and other contagions.

Method: The Allied and Complementary Medicine database (AMED), the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science were systematically searched for published studies from database inception to April 2020.

Investigating expressed emotion in individuals at-risk of developing psychosis and their families over 12 months.

Unlabelled: High levels of expressed emotion (EE) are present in families of individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) of psychosis and can negatively impact on service users' functioning and symptoms, as well as relatives' psychological wellbeing.

Objectives: This is the first longitudinal study to assess EE from the family/carers' perspective, as well as the service users' perceptions of the family/carers' EE. We explored the effects of EE on transition risk and outcomes of depression, worry, and anxiety.

Neuro-oncology practice guidelines from a high-volume surgeon at the COVID-19 epicenter.

Background: During the coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, physicians have begun adapting their daily practices to prevent transmissions. In this study we aimed to provide surgical neuro-oncologists with practice guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic based on objective data from a high-volume brain tumor surgeon at the current COVID-19 epicenter.

Methods: All outpatient visits and surgeries performed by the senior author during the COVID-19 pandemic were compared between the initial quarantine (3/23/20-5/4/20), the plateau period following quarantine (5/5/20-6/27/20), and the second peak (6/28/20-7/20/20).

Assessing fidelity of a community based psychosocial intervention for people with mild dementia within a large randomised controlled trial.

Background: Understanding intervention delivery as intended, particularly in complex interventions, should be underpinned by good quality fidelity assessment. We present the findings from a fidelity assessment embedded as part of a trial of a complex community-based psychosocial intervention, Journeying through Dementia (JtD). The intervention was designed to equip individuals with the knowledge and skills to successfully self-manage, maintain independence, and live well with dementia and involves both group and individual sessions.

Enhancing Older Adults' Well-Being and Quality of Life Through Purposeful Activity: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies.

Background And Objectives: Population aging represents a significant challenge for health and social care services. Older adults who engage in activities that offer a sense of purpose have significantly better physical and psychological health outcomes. However, age-related functional limitations and losses of social roles can present barriers to engaging in purposeful activity, especially for those older adults within the "oldest-old" age range (i.

OLIG2 maintenance is not essential for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma cell line growth but regulates tumor phenotypes.

Background: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a pediatric lethal high-grade brainstem glioma with no effective therapies. OLIG2 (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2) was reported to be critical for the growth of a DIPG cell line CCHMC-DIPG-1. Surprisingly, we found that the CCHMC-DIPG-1 cells express little OLIG2 and exhibit a mesenchymal phenotype, which raised a question regarding the role of OLIG2 in the growth of DIPG cells.

Clinical and vital sign changes associated with late-onset sepsis in very low birth weight infants at 3 NICUs.

Background: In premature infants, clinical changes frequently occur due to sepsis or non-infectious conditions, and distinguishing between these is challenging. Baseline risk factors, vital signs, and clinical signs guide decisions to culture and start antibiotics. We sought to compare heart rate (HR) and oxygenation (SpO2) patterns as well as baseline variables and clinical signs prompting sepsis work-ups ultimately determined to be late-onset sepsis (LOS) and sepsis ruled out (SRO).

Optimization of a bacterial three-hybrid assay through in vivo titration of an RNA-DNA adapter protein.

Noncoding RNAs regulate gene expression in every domain of life. In bacteria, small RNAs (sRNAs) regulate gene expression in response to stress and are often assisted by RNA-chaperone proteins, such as Hfq. We have recently developed a bacterial three-hybrid (B3H) assay that detects the strong binding interactions of certain sRNAs with proteins Hfq and ProQ.

Overcoming barriers to implementing ward-based psychosocial interventions in acute inpatient mental health settings: A meta-synthesis.

Background: The culture of acute mental health wards is often dominated by medical models of care despite some patient dissatisfaction with care in these settings and a demand for increased access to psychosocial interventions. Research has found that psychosocial interventions can improve a number of patient and staff outcomes, however, implementation within these settings is often challenging.

Objectives: The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the barriers and facilitators to implementing psychosocial interventions on acute wards, in order to develop a list of recommendations for embedding psychosocial interventions within the ward culture in acute settings.

Navigating radial artery loops in neurointerventions.

Background: Although studies continue to demonstrate lower complications in neurointerventions using transradial access (TRA) compared with transfemoral approaches, anatomic radial variants can be difficult to navigate and remain one of the frequent causes of access site conversion.

Objective: To evaluate predictors of TRA failure in neuroendovascular patients with radial loops and suggest a protocol for managing these anomalies.

Methods: A prospective collection of patients undergoing TRA at participating institutions from July 2018 to September 2020 was reviewed.

Legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Australian biosolids.

Biosolids samples were collected from 19 Australian WWTPs during 2018 that cover a range of catchment types (urban, rural, industrial waste discharges) and treatment technologies. Samples were analysed for 44 PFAS using isotope dilution and alkaline extraction coupled with quantification with LC-MS/MS. The ΣPFAS mean concentration was 260 ng/g dry weight (dw) and ranged between 4.

The Digital Therapeutic Alliance and Human-Computer Interaction.

The therapeutic alliance (TA), the relationship that develops between a therapist and a client/patient, is a critical factor in the outcome of psychological therapy. As mental health care is increasingly adopting digital technologies and offering therapeutic interventions that may not involve human therapists, the notion of a TA in digital mental health care requires exploration. To date, there has been some incipient work on developing measures to assess the conceptualization of a digital TA for mental health apps.

Developing a Theory-Informed Smartphone App for Early Psychosis: Learning Points From a Multidisciplinary Collaboration.

Actissist is a smartphone app designed to deliver an intervention grounded in cognitive behavior therapy for early psychosis. Actissist was developed by a multidisciplinary team of academics, clinicians, experts by experience and software engineers. Actissist has been tested in two trials, the first a proof-of-concept trial where Actissist was safe, acceptable and feasible, the second, a powered randomized controlled trial.