The global role for Cdc13 and Yku70 in preventing telomere resection across the genome.

Yeast Cdc13 protein (related to human CTC1) maintains telomere stability by preventing 5'-3' end resection. While Cdc13 and Yku70/Yku80 proteins appear to prevent excessive resection, their combined contribution to maintenance of telomere ends across the genome and their relative roles at specific ends of different chromosomes have not been addressable because Cdc13 and Yku70/Yku80 double mutants are sickly. Using our PFGE-shift approach where large resected molecules have slower pulse field gel electrophoresis mobilities, along with methods for maintaining viable double mutants, we address end-resection on most chromosomes as well as telomere end differences.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme defines matrikine-regulated inflammation and fibrosis.

The neutrophil chemoattractant proline-glycine-proline (PGP) is generated from collagen by matrix metalloproteinase-8/9 (MMP-8/9) and prolyl endopeptidase (PE), and it is concomitantly degraded by extracellular leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) to limit neutrophilia. Components of cigarette smoke can acetylate PGP, yielding a species (AcPGP) that is resistant to LTA4H-mediated degradation and can, thus, support a sustained neutrophilia. In this study, we sought to elucidate if an antiinflammatory system existed to degrade AcPGP that is analogous to the PGP-LTA4H axis.

Renal tubular ACE-mediated tubular injury is the major contributor to microalbuminuria in early diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end-stage renal disease in developed countries. While angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are used to treat diabetic nephropathy, how intrarenal ACE contributes to diabetic renal injury is uncertain. Here, two mouse models with different patterns of renal ACE expression were studied to determine the specific contribution of tubular vs.

Predictors of venous thromboembolism in patients with primary sarcoma of bone.

Unlabelled: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is known to be independently associated with both orthopaedic surgery and malignancy. Patients undergoing surgery for musculoskeletal malignancies are at an increased risk for thromboembolic events. Although VTE can lead to serious morbidity and mortality, the potential complications of prophylactic anticoagulation call for a greater understanding of a patient's risk factors, as well as more rigorous guidelines for prophylactic anticoagulation regimens.

Pib2 and the EGO complex are both required for activation of TORC1.

The TORC1 complex is a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism in The vacuole-associated EGO complex couples activation of TORC1 to the availability of amino acids, specifically glutamine and leucine. The EGO complex is also essential for reactivation of TORC1 following rapamycin-induced growth arrest and for its distribution on the vacuolar membrane. Pib2, a FYVE-containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-binding protein, is a newly discovered and poorly characterized activator of TORC1.

Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluations of the Enhanced Logo-autobiography Program for Korean-American Women.

This study extends Bernstein et al.'s (2016) investigation of the effects of the Enhanced Logo-autobiography Program on Korean-American women's depressive symptoms, coping strategies, purpose in life, and posttraumatic growth by analyzing quantitative and qualitative data. This study's participants significantly improved on quantitative measures of depression, coping strategies, purpose in life, and post-traumatic growth at eight weeks post-intervention and follow-up.

Using Reported Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases to Illustrate Potential Methodological Issues in the Measurement of Racial and Ethnic Disparities.

Background: Racial disparities in the burden of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have been documented and described for decades. Similarly, methodological issues and limitations in the use of disparity measures to quantify disparities in health have also been well documented. The purpose of this study was to use historic STD surveillance data to illustrate four of the most well-known methodological issues associated with the use of disparity measures.

Early-onset torsion dystonia: a novel high-throughput yeast genetic screen for factors modifying protein levels of torsinAΔE.

Dystonia is the third most common movement disorder, but its diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. One of the most severe types of dystonia is early-onset torsion dystonia (EOTD). The best studied and validated EOTD-associated mutation, torsinAΔE, is a deletion of a C-terminal glutamate residue in the AAA+ ATPase torsinA.

Rates of Primary and Secondary Syphilis Among White and Black Non-Hispanic Men Who Have Sex With Men, United States, 2014.

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States experience an approximately 100-fold greater rate of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis diagnoses compared with men who have sex with women only. As in the general population, racial/ethnic disparities in P&S syphilis diagnosis rates may exist among MSM, but MSM-specific P&S syphilis rates by race/ethnicity are unavailable. We enhanced a published modeling approach to estimate area-level MSM populations by race/ethnicity and provide the first estimates of P&S syphilis among black and white non-Hispanic MSM.

Acculturation, Depression, and Smoking Cessation: a trajectory pattern recognition approach.

Background: Korean Americans are known for a high smoking prevalence within the Asian American population. This study examined the effects of acculturation and depression on Korean Americans' smoking cessation and abstinence.

Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of a smoking cessation study that implemented eight weekly individualized counseling sessions of a culturally adapted cessation intervention for the treatment arm and a standard cognitive behavioral therapy for the comparison arm.

Network-Centric Interventions to Contain the Syphilis Epidemic in San Francisco.

The number of reported early syphilis cases in San Francisco has increased steadily since 2005. It is not yet clear what factors are responsible for such an increase. A recent analysis of the sexual contact network of men who have sex with men with syphilis in San Francisco has discovered a large connected component, members of which have a significantly higher chance of syphilis and HIV compared to non-member individuals.

An Illustration of Errors in Using the P Value to Indicate Clinical Significance or Epidemiological Importance of a Study Finding.

We conducted a simulation study to illustrate that P values can suggest but not confirm statistical significance; and they may not indicate epidemiological significance (importance). We recommend that researchers consider reporting effect sizes as P values in conjunction with confidence intervals or point estimates with standard errors to indicate precision (uncertainty).

Brain Transforming Growth Factor-β Resists Hypertension Via Regulating Microglial Activation.

Background And Purpose: Hypertension is the major risk factor for stroke. Recent work unveiled that hypertension is associated with chronic neuroinflammation; microglia are the major players in neuroinflammation, and the activated microglia elevate sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure. This study is to understand how brain homeostasis is kept from hypertensive disturbance and microglial activation at the onset of hypertension.

Syphilis Screening and Diagnosis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men, 2008-2014, 20 U.S. Cities.

Background: Annual screening for syphilis is indicated for all sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: Using National HIV Behavioral Surveillance data from 2008, 2011, and 2014, we assessed trends in self-reported syphilis testing and diagnoses in the past 12 months among MSM. We calculated percentages of syphilis screening and diagnosis by selected characteristics for each year.

Secondary Somatic Mutations Restoring and Associated with Acquired Resistance to the PARP Inhibitor Rucaparib in High-Grade Ovarian Carcinoma.

High-grade epithelial ovarian carcinomas containing mutated or () homologous recombination (HR) genes are sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors (PARPi), while restoration of HR function due to secondary mutations in has been recognized as an important resistance mechanism. We sequenced core HR pathway genes in 12 pairs of pretreatment and postprogression tumor biopsy samples collected from patients in ARIEL2 Part 1, a phase II study of the PARPi rucaparib as treatment for platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian carcinoma. In 6 of 12 pretreatment biopsies, a truncation mutation in , or was identified.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme enhances the oxidative response and bactericidal activity of neutrophils.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely used to reduce blood pressure. Here, we examined if an ACE is important for the antibacterial effectiveness of neutrophils. ACE knockout mice or mice treated with an ACE inhibitor were more susceptible to bacterial infection by methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Socio-demographic and Psychological Correlates of Posttraumatic Growth among Korean Americans with a History of Traumatic Life Experiences.

This study examined socio-demographic and psychological correlates of posttraumatic growth (PTG) among Korean Americans (KAs) with traumatic life experiences. A total of 286 KAs were included. Being a woman or having a lower annual household income had positive associations with PTG, while having no religion had a negative association with it.

Resilience and Depressive Symptoms among Korean Americans with History of Traumatic Life Experience.

This study investigates socio-demographic characteristics and resilience and depressive symptoms among Korean Americans (KAs) with traumatic life experiences. Community-residing 285 KAs living in New York City and Teaneck, New Jersey completed questionnaires measuring traumatic life experiences, depressive symptoms, and resilience. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and two-step hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme affects the presentation of MHC class II antigens.

Antigen processing and presentation through the MHC class II pathway is critical for activating T helper cells. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a carboxyl peptidase expressed by antigen-presenting cells. By analysis of ACE null (knockout), wild-type, and ACE-overexpressing (ACE10) mice and the antigen-presenting cells derived from these mice, we found that ACE has a physiological role in the processing of peptides for MHC class II presentation.

State-Specific Rates of Primary and Secondary Syphilis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men - United States, 2015.

In 2015, the rate of reported primary and secondary syphilis in the United States was 7.5 cases per 100,000 population, nearly four times the previous lowest documented rate of 2.1 in 2000 (1).

Suboptimal Prenatal Syphilis Testing Among Commercially Insured Women in the United States, 2013.

United States surveillance data demonstrate that congenital syphilis cases are increasing. We performed an analysis of commercially insured pregnant females using MarketSan to determine syphilis screening rates at different prenatal stages; 85% of pregnant women in this population had a syphilis test performed at least once during the prenatal period.